专题14 名词
1．With inspiration from other food cultures，American food culture can take a________for the better.
A．share
B．chance
C．turn
D．lead
答案 C
解析 句意为：受到了其他饮食文化的启发，美国的饮食文化正朝更好的方向发展。take a share分担……，为……出力；take a chance冒险；take a turn转变，转弯；take a lead领先，带头。
2．Poetry written from the________of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A．perspective
B．priority
C．participation
D．privilege
答案 A
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：从都市青年的角度写的诗歌倾向于反映他们对缺乏归属感的焦虑。A项意为“观点，看法”；B项意为“优先，优先权”；C项意为“参加，参与；分享”；D项意为“特权；荣幸”。结合句意可知正确答案为A项。
3．The accident caused some________to my car，but it’s nothing serious.
A．harm
B．injury
C．ruin
D．damage
答案 D
解析 4．While she was in Paris，she developed a ________for fine art.
A．way
B．relation
C．taste D．habit
答案 C
解析 考查名词辨析。develop a taste for...意为“养成……爱好；喜欢上；爱上”。way意为“方法”；relation意为“关系”；taste意为“爱好”；habit意为“习惯”。
5．As the world’s population continues to grow，the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern.
A．worth
B．supply
C．package
D．list
答案 B
解析 句意为：随着世界人口持续增长，食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。worth价值；supply供应；package包装；list名单。根据句意知，B项为正确答案。
6．My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A．expression
B．attention
C．satisfaction
D．impression
答案 D
解析 expression表情，词语；attention注意(力)，专心，关注；satisfaction满意，满足；impression印象。由题干中的关键信息“he was a kind and thoughtful young man”可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意为：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。
7．—Can I help you with it?
—I appreciate your________，but I can manage it myself.A．advice
B．question
C．offer
D．idea
答案 C
解析 句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你主动提供帮助，但我自己能完成。offer出价，(主动提供)帮助，符合题意。advice建议，劝告；question问题；idea想法，主意。
8．Your________as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
A．operation
B．growth
C．performance
D．character
答案 C
解析 句意为：作为一名学生，如果你能够养成对所学的东西进行思考的话，你的成绩会很棒的。performance成绩，表现，符合句意。operation操作，手术；growth增长；character人物，角色。
9．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my ________.So it is my best choice.A．strength
B．talent
C．ability
D．skill
答案 A
解析 strength长处；talent天赋；ability能力；skill技能。句意为：——你为什么选择在一家国际旅行社工作？——噢，你知道的，英语是我的强项，所以那是我最好的选择。根据句意可知A项最符合。
10．You are working too hard.You’d better keep a________between work and relaxation.A．promise
B．lead
C．balance
D．diary
答案 C
解析 句意为：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和休息之间的平衡。keep a balance保持平衡，符合句意。keep a promise遵守诺言；lead带头，领先的地位；diary日记。
11．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future________.A．purpose
B．reference
C．progress D．memory
答案 B
解析 记下电话号码是以备日后参考，for future reference是字典中的典型表达。
12．It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.
A．symptom
B．similarity
C．sample
D．shadow
答案 A
解析 句意为：定期进行眼查，看看是否有可能没有任何症状的眼疾的迹象，这是很重要的。symptom症状，符合句意。similarity类似；sample样本；shadow阴影，都与句意不符。
13．The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.
A．pattern
B．procedure
C．program
D．perspective
答案 B
解析 句意为：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。procedure程序，符合句意。pattern模式；program节目；perspective视角，都与句意不符。
14．He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.It’s just a matter of ________.
A．luck
B．value
C．time
D．fact
答案 C
解析 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会理解你付出的努力的。这只是时间问题。根据句意选C。
15．“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with ________ clearly in her voice.
A．anger
B．rudeness
C．regret D．panic
答案 D
解析 句意为：Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根据句意可知应选D项。
16．Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big ________，but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.(2011·湖北，22)
A．project
B．commitment
C．competition
D．ambition
答案 B
解析 句意为：放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一个重大的决定，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好决定。project项目；commitment承诺，投入，花费；competition比赛；ambition志向。根据句意可知应选B项。
17．Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ________.(2011·四川，13)
A．touch
B．sight
C．reach
D．distance
答案 C
解析 句意为：永远都要记得把那些刀子之类的具有危险性的东西放到孩子们够不到的地方。touch联系；sight视野；reach够到，此处与out of构成短语out of one’s reach，指“在某人够不到的地方”，符合句意；distance距离。
18．There’s a ________ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday，they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2011·山东，34)
A．tradition
B．balance
C．concern
D．relationship
答案 A
解析 句意为：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某一个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系。根据句意知选A。
19．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________.
A．consequence
B．independence
C．competence
D．intelligence
答案 C
解析 句意为：教师必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业能力。consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，技能，胜任；intelligence智力，智慧，才智。由句意可知选C项。
20．Anyway，I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my________.
A．emotions
B．principles
C．regulations
D．opinions
答案 B
解析 句意为：无论如何我不能骗他——这违背了我的________。emotion感情，情感，情绪；principle原理，原则，行为准则，为人之道；regulation规则，条例，法规；opinion看法，主意，主张。所以B项符合逻辑。
1．We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.
A．fact
B．reality
C．practice
D．deed
答案 C
解析 put...into/in practice 为习惯用语，意思是“把……付诸实施”。
2．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good ________.
A．expectation B．reputation
C．contribution
D．civilization
答案 B
解析 expectation期望；reputation名声，声望，声誉；contribution贡献；civilization文明。结合句意可知答案应为B项。
3．He kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her ________.
A．respect
B．favor
C．admiration
D．pleasure
答案 B
解析 句意为：他不停地送礼物给她，试图获得她的好感。favor喜爱，宠爱，好感，欢心。
4．There are ten ________ teachers and two hundred ________ students in the school.
A．women；girl
B．woman；girls
C．women；girls
D．woman；girl
答案 A
解析 名词作定语时，通常用单数。但man与woman 作定语时，如果后面的名词是单数，这两个词也用单数，如果后面的名词是复数，这两个词也用复数，如：a man doctor，two men doctors 等。
5．The city government decided to keep the old temple for its historical ________.
A．price
B．cost
C．value
D．usefulness
答案 C
解析 price 指物品在金钱上的“价格”；cost 指事物的生产“成本或费用”；value 指事物内在的“价值”；usefulness 指事物“有用”。
6．There’s no ________ from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.
A．view
B．scene
C．sight D．look
答案 A
解析 view自然美景，风景，指从某一角度看到的景色；scene景色；sight奇观，壮观；look看，瞧，望。本句句意为：除了一些工厂的烟囱外，从我卧室看不到任何风景了。
7．Some famous singers live on the________from their record sales.
A．salary
B．value
C．bill
D．income
答案 D
解析 bill账单，清单，显然不符合题意；value“价值”是抽象的，不能用来消费；salary“工资，薪水”，是按年、月发给相关人的，而本句的record sales并不是他们的工作；income“收入，收益”，通常指一个人收入所得的钱，不仅只是工资部分。结合上下文，应该选D。
8．So far，I haven’t adapted to the fast ________of the life in Toronto.
A．step
B．style
C．pace
D．manner
答案 C
解析 step步伐；style风格；pace步速，节奏；manner习惯，方式。句意为：到目前为止，我还没有适应多伦多快节奏的生活。
9．Surely you can find the museum，for it is within easy________of your hotel.
A．walk
B．reach
C．distance
D．space
答案 B
解析 within easy reach of sth.距……不远(很近)。句意为：你一定会找到那个博物馆的，因为它离你的宾馆很近。
10．Each of us is likely to develop a personal ________ for certain types of entertainment.
A．comparison
B．possession
C．preference
D．advantage
答案 C
解析 句意为：我们每个人都有可能养成对某些娱乐活动的偏爱。preference偏爱，爱好，符合语境。
11．All the________indicates that he has been deeply involved in the crime.
A．evidence
B．fact
C．factors
D．cause
答案 A
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意为：所有的迹象表明他已经深陷这次犯罪。evidence迹象；fact事实；factors因素；cause原因。根据句意选A项。
12．Obama’s success in presidential election proves that the color of one’s skin shouldn’t be a________to success.
A．barrier
B．behavior
C．battle
D．bunch
答案 A
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意为：奥巴马总统竞选成功证明肤色不应该成为成功的障碍。此处barrier意为“障碍”。
13．Dr.King won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his achievement and________.
A．honor
B．victory
C．courage
D．failure
答案 B
解析 victory胜利，符合句意。
14．Li Yuchun’s song was a________at once and its recording tape rose to No.1 on the best seller list.
A．shock
B．strike
C．hit D．beat
答案 C
解析 考查词义辨析。shock震惊；strike打击；beat连续不断地敲打；hit命中；击败；演出成功。依据句意选C项。
15．Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious ________without scientific basis.
A．process
B．practice
C．procedure
D．program
答案 A
解析 考查名词辨析。process过程；practice实习，练习，惯例；procedure程序；program课程，计划，节目。
16．It was difficult to guess what her________to the news would be.
A．impression
B．comment
C．reaction
D．opinion
答案 C
解析 考查名词词义辨析。 reaction (to)对……的反应，符合语境。
17．Your work experience is a big________in the job market but your poor eyesight will limit your choices.
A．benefit
B．condition
C．promise
D．advantage
答案 D
解析 考查名词词义辨析。advantage优势，符合句意。
18．Don’t try to persuade your boss；he won’t have the________of employing me—a flesh student.
A．intention
B．attention
C．sense
D．attraction
答案 A
解析 考查名词词义辨析。此处intention意为“倾向”。
19．The Students’ Union was founded for the________of them.
A．benefit
B．advantage
C．interest
D．value
答案 A
解析 for the benefit of为了……的利益。
20．The generation________makes it difficult for parents to understand their children’s opinions.
A．division
B．gap
C．separation
D．interval
答案 B
解析 考查名词词义辨析。generation gap代沟。division分，划分；separation分开；interval间隔，间隙；幕间休息，休息时间。
21．The ________ of school leavers that go to university is about fifty percent.
A．degree
B．percentage
C．level
D．standard
答案 B
解析 考查名词辨析。percentage百分率；degree学位，度数；level层次，水平；standard标准。
22．Independent innovation has brought us a________in profits,40% higher than in the traditional way.
A．boom
B．failure
C．decrease
D．suffering
答案 A
解析 考查名词词义。boom繁荣；failure失败；decrease减少；suffering痛苦。由句意可知A项正确。
23．An experienced doctor usually judges a patient’s illness according to the various________.
A．signs
B．symptoms
C．signals D．marks
答案 B
解析 考查名词词义。sign信号，暗号；symptom症状，征兆；signal预兆，征象；信号；mark印，记号，符号。由句意可知B项正确。
24．Shelly has been preparing carefully for the driving test so that she can be sure of passing it at her first________.
A．intention
B．purpose
C．attempt
D．desire
答案 C
解析 句意为：雪莉一直在认真准备驾驶考试，以便于她第一次尝试就能通过。at one’s first attempt某人第一次尝试，符合题意。
25．She came with a large ________ of yellow roses in her hand.
A．branch
B．bunch
C．bit D．beach
答案 B
解析 a bunch of roses一束玫瑰花。