[基础知识·夯实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语注释及首字母提示写出下列单词的正确形式。
1. It was e______ that the policy was a failure, for many people are against it.
2. [2017·江西阅读A]He loved experimenting and his________(目标) was to become a scientist like his father.
3. The healthy couples without children can________(收养) a child by law.
4. And body language is particularly important when we________(尝试) to communicate across cultures.
5. I can't understand the concept because it is too________(抽象的) for me.
答案：1. evident 2. aim 3. adopt 4. attempt 5. abstract
Ⅱ. 选词填空
feel like; look through; break away from; in possession of; on the other hand
1. When she wore the dress, Jane________a princess.
2. The thief managed to____________the policeman.
3. I was________a magazine in the bedroom when she called me.
4. You can't be____________the house until all the papers have been signed.
5. On one hand I valued his friendship, but______________I disliked his selfpride and selfishness.
答案：1. felt like 2. break away from 3. looking through 4. in possession of 5. on the other hand
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．You can't______ ______ ______(possession) the camera unless you can prove it's yours.
答案：take possession of
解析：take possession of＝possess，意为“拥有，占有”，符合句意。句意：你不能拥有这台照相机除非你能证明它是你的。
2．There is______
______
______ ________(deal) concern about the pollution among the people.
答案：a good/great deal of
解析：句意：人们对污染很关注。concern作“关心，担忧”讲时为不可数名词。a good/great deal of“大量(的)”，修饰不可数名词。
3. Many college graduates are out of work now, but______ ______ ______ ______(另一方面), they won't take jobs that do not pay much.
答案：on the other hand
解析：句意：现在许多大学毕业生没有工作，但另一方面，他们又不愿意干薪水低的活。on the other hand“另一方面”。
4. In order not to get into trouble，advertisers are increasingly cautious about taking out ads ________ ______(aim) children.
答案：aimed at
解析：句意：为了不惹麻烦，广告商在登发针对孩子的广告时非常慎重。be aimed at “旨在；目的是”，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰 ads, 故用 aimed at。
5. －Did he say anything that ______ ________(吸引) you especially?
－Not really. Actually I slept halfway through his speech.
答案：appealed to
解析：根据答语“听演讲听到一半就睡着了”可推知上句询问：他有没有讲一些吸引(appealed to)你的东西？
6. I have learned________ ________ ________(deal) from my visit here. And now I can understand some behaviour of the natives here.
答案：a great deal
解析：a great deal可用作名词短语，表示“大量；许多”，在句中做主语或宾语，在此作learn的宾语。
7. It was only ______
________(碰巧) that I saw the injured child on my way home, so I called 120 at once.
答案：by coincidence
解析：考查短语。句意：我只是碰巧在回家的路上看到了那个受伤的孩子，然后我马上叫了救护车。by coincidence“碰巧”。
8．Despite the short stay in this foreign country, he has soon________(适应)
himself to the new environment.
答案：adapted
解析：句意：尽管他在国外待的时间很短，但他很快地适应了新环境。adapt oneself to sth.“使自己适应……”，符合语境。
9．In the far south________(lie) Stewart Island, the largest of New Zealand's many small islands.
答案：lies
解析：考查倒装结构。句意：斯图尔特岛在遥远的南方，它是新西兰众多小岛中最大的一个。分析句子结构可知，句首为表地点的介词短语作状语，逗号前是一个完全倒装句，逗号后是主语Stewart Island的同位语。此处动词表示方位且主语为单数，故用lies。
10. As is shown in the movie,
under no circumstances ________ ________ ________(不应该失去信心) faith.
答案：should you lose
解析：考查倒装。句意：正如电影向我们展示的，无论在什么情况下，你都不应该失去信心。under no circumstances“无论如何都不”位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，故用should you lose。
[实战能力·提升]
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
[2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ]
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.
I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架)down. He was a better pilot－and my boss－so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now！” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since.
CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing_gear_up”．
1．What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are unwilling to take advice.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are quick learners of CRM.
2. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when________.
A. he saved the plane by speaking up
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. his boss landed the plane too late
D. his boss operated on a patient
3. In the last paragraph “landing gear up”probably means “________”．
A. following flying requirements
B. overreacting to different opinions
C. listening to what fellow doctors say
D. making a mistake that may cost lives
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
C. The Making of a Good Pilot
D. A PilotTurned Doctor
[文章大意] 本文作者谈了自己做医生和飞行员的体会，强调了倾听别人建议的重要性。
1．B。考查细节理解。由第一段第二句可知，医生往往不喜欢听建议，因为他们了解情况。
2．A。考查细节理解。由第二段最后两句可知，作者大胆提醒飞行员(主治医师)放下起落架，第一次感到了大胆说出来的力量，且从此以后在手术室也这样做。
3．D。考查词义猜测。根据句意“但是我希望，如果我继续鼓励他们，有人会在某一天阻止我犯‘将起落架升起来’这样严重的错误”可知，此处“landing gear up”借指所犯的可能会以生命为代价的错误。
4．B。考查标题判断。作者将自己从飞行员职业经历中所获取的经验运用到行医生涯中，使自己善于倾听别人的建议，从而使自己成为了一名优秀的医生。B项符合题意。
B
[2017·北京高考]
Tail Spin
Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however，is that she's even swimming at all. She doesn't have a tail.
Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace
did
make
it－but
her tail
didn't. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.
Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way－like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.
The movements put harmful pressure on Grace's backbone. So a company offered to create a manmade tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn't hurt her.
The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time，others not at all. “The new tail isn't necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone, “but it helps to keep
that range
of motion (动作) and
build muscles (肌肉)．”
Now，the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.
5. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her________.
A. physical build
B. potential ability
C. chance of survival
D. adaptation to the surroundings
6. A manmade tail is created for Grace to________.
A. let her recover faster
B. make her comfortable
C. adjust her way of swimming
D. help her perform better tricks
7. The story of Grace inspires people to________.
A. stick to their dreams
B. treat animals friendly
C. treasure what they have
D. face difficulties bravely
[文章大意] '本文为记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Grace的海豚勇敢面对困难的故事。
5．C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life.‘Is she going to
make it？’Her trainer，Abbey Stone，feared the worst.”可知此题应选择C项。
6．C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段的描述可知这条人造的尾巴是帮助Grace游泳的，故此题选择C项。
7．D。推理判断题。通读全文，Grace从一开始生死未卜，到失去尾巴，再到最后有一个更加快乐的结局可以看出Grace的故事能够激励人勇敢地面对困难，故选择D项。
Ⅴ. 短文改错
Yesterday I watched a circus show. A girl rode an onewheeled bike on a small table with a lot of flower on it. She didn't knock down even one flower. Some little dogs also did a better job. One of them can calculate the number!
The most exciting program was see a young man walk the tightrope. He stood on a rope with a balancing pole in her hands. On his head sat a little girl. Another two girls sat on the red belt tying to either end of a steel bar on his shoulder. The young man took his first step of great care. Every viewer held out his breath. At last he succeeded in walk across the 8meterlong tightrope.
答案：
Yesterday I watched a circus show. A girl rode
a
onewheeled bike on a small table with a lot of
on it. She didn't
knock down even one flower. Some little dogs also did a
job. One of them
calculate the number!
The most exciting program was
see a young man walk the tightrope. He stood on a rope with a balancing pole in
hands. On his head sat a little girl. Another two girls sat on the red belt
to either end of a steel bar on his shoulder. The young man took his first step
great care. Every viewer held out his breath. At last he succeeded in across the 8meterlong tightrope.