[基础知识·夯实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语注释及首字母提示写出下列单词的正确形式。
1. While visiting Beijing, he p______
many ancient buildings.
2. A representative of the company will call on you to a______the damage.
3. Even though her parents don't ________(同意)
of her marrying that young man, she is still trying her best to persuade them.
4. Please keep me fully________ (告知) of any development.
5. I will have an ________ (约会) with them in the evening.
答案：1. photographed 2. assess 3. approve 4. informed 5. appointment
Ⅱ. 选词填空
concentrate on; accuse...of; ahead of; keep in mind; look forward to
1. If you don't________ ________ your work, you'll lose the job sooner or later.
2. My teacher is always ______ me______ carelessness.
3. We finished the work several days________ ________ the deadline.
4. I'll________that it was you that helped me out.
5. We are all ________ seeing the famous writer.
答案：1. concentrate on 2. accusing; of 3. ahead of
4. keep in mind 5. looking forward to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．—Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?
—______ ______(当然可以)．I can manage without you.
答案：Of course
解析：考查交际用语。句意：“约翰逊先生，明天我能请一天假吗？”“当然(可以)。没有你我自己也能应付。”。
2．You may______ ______(相信) it that
he will turn up and offer help in time.
答案：depend on
解析：考查动词短语。句意：你可以相信，他会及时赶来帮忙的。depend on it
that...“对……深信不疑”，与句意相符。
3．The manager demanded that the work ______ ______(finish) within three days.
答案：be finished
解析：句意：经理要求这项工作应在三天内完成。demand 后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略，且“工作”和“完成”为被动关系，故应用be finished。
4．Although he has been studying abroad, his parents try to keep him______(inform) of what has happened at home.
答案：informed
解析：句意：虽然他一直在国外读书，但是他的父母尽可能使他了解国内发生的事。过去分词informed作宾语补足语，keep sb. informed of意思是“使某人了解……”。
5．He had his camera ready ______ ______(case) he saw something that would make a good picture.
答案：in case
解析：句意：他准备好了相机，以防看到他能够拍下来的好画面。in case“以防万一”。
6．A survey done recently
shows that not all parents______ ________(赞成) their children taking
part in the weekend classes.
答案：approve of
解析：句意：最近的一项调查表明并非所有的父母都赞成孩子参加周末补习班。
approve of“支持；赞同”，与句意相符。
7.He was driving home on the
highway last night when he was stopped by a policeman, who________him________speeding.(accuse)
答案：accused; of
解析：根据句意：警察指控他超速。应用accuse sb. of sth.。
8．With his attention______(cocentrate) on his book，he didn't notice someone entering his room.
答案：concentrated
解析：考查with复合结构。concentrate...on...“将……集中于……”即concentrate与attention构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用concentrate的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
9．Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage______ ______ ______avoided.
答案：is to be
解析：句意：如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大的努力来增加农业产量。条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来，“be＋不定式”可用于条件状语从句中，表达将来时，表示“如果想……”，而此处food shortage与avoid应为被动关系，故应用is to be。
10．—Is that phone for personal use?
—No.
In no case______ ______ ______(任何人不被允许)to use it in the office for personal affairs.
答案：is anyone allowed
解析：考查倒装句。in no case等表示否定意义的短语放于句首时，句子应该使用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。此处为被动，故应提前为is anyone allowed。
[实战能力·提升]
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
[2017·江西高考]
When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in very country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give_me_a_fish_and_I_eat_for_a_day,_teach_me_to_fish_and_I_eat_for_a_lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometime what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to slove common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the buildup of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.
1. According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time?
A. By solving the cost problems.
B. By solving the transportation problems.
C. By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.
D. By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.
2. What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?
A. Providing food is vital.
B. Learning to fish is helpful.
C. Teaching skills is essential.
D. Looking after other is important.
3. The second paragraph is developed mainly________.
A. by exampleB. by process
C. by comparison
D. by contrast
4. Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?
A. A medical team.
B. An exchange program.
C. A water plant.
D. Financial support.
5. What can we infer about international aid from the passage?
A. It is facing difficulties.
B. It is unnecessary during normal times.
C. It should be given in the form of materials.
D. It has gained support from developed countries.
[文章大意] 本文是一篇议论文。作者在文章中阐述了自己对国际援助的看法：授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。
1．C。考查细节理解。从第一段的最后一句可知，联合国组织可以建立乐于奉献的团体，然后通过他们及时把救助品分发给那些受灾的人。所以选C项。
2．C。考查推理判断。画线句子的意思是”授人以鱼，不如授人以渔”，这句话告诉我们：教会别人技能非常重要。所以选C项。
3．A。考查写作手法。作者在第二段先引用一句谚语，然后通过例子来阐述。由此可以推断第二段是通过举例子开展的。所以选A项。
4．D。考查推理判断。第二段提到了多种援助的形式，如：分享在农业、医学和卫星等方面的技术；建设纯净水厂；建学校；交流学生。由第二段最后一句可知，以上的援助形式能够发挥真正的作用，故选D。
5．A。考查推理判断。从文章最后一段最后一句可知，从长远看，真正有效的国际援助形式是分享知识。其他形式的援助只能解一时的困难。所以选A项。
B
[2017·北京高考]
EP Portable Heater
We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP portable heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world,
the new EP heats better and faster，saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.
The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of the EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.
The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, you'll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.
The advanced EP also heats the room
evenly,_wall to wall and floor to ceiling. It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.
The EP comes with a 3year warranty (保修) and a 60day, no questions asked, satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied,
return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.
Now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. If you order after that,
we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.
Take action right now!
6. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?
A. The heat of the EP.
B. The safety of the EP.
C. The appearance of the EP. D. The material of the EP.
7. From the passage,
we can learn that the EP________.
A. doesn't burn up oxygen
B. runs without any noise
C. makes people get sleepy
D. is unsuitable for children and pets
8. The underlined word
“evenly” in Paragraph 4
probably means________.
A. continuously
B. separately
C. quickly
D. equally
9. The main purpose of the passage is to________.
A. persuade people to buy the product
B. advise people to save on heating bills
C. report the new development of portable heaters
D. compare the functions of different heater brands
[文章大意] 无可比拟的高强性能，无与伦比的优质服务，无法想象的价格优惠，一款新型便携式加热器惊艳亮相！机不可失，失不再来，心动不如行动，此时不买，更待何时？
6．B。主旨大意题。这段主要介绍了此款加热器不会引起火灾、烧伤孩子或宠物，由此可知本段主要在讲加热器的安全性，故此题选择B项。
7．A。细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句话“The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room.”可知此题选择A项。
8．D。词义猜测题。根据本段内容可知，此款加热器可以很均匀地加热屋子而不像其他加热器那样只加热屋子中心部分，故此题选择D项equally平等地、均匀地。
9．A。推理判断题。全文一直在介绍加热器的优点，倒数第二段提到了打折，最后一段号召大家赶快行动，从这些方面都可以看出这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们买此产品，故选择A项。
Ⅴ. 短文改错
Dear Mr. Brown，
I'd like to introduce myself to you.
I want apply for a position in your firm.
I graduate from college three years ago
and since then I have worked as a engineer.
I am good at English and know some Japanese and Germany.
I am hardworking and careful in something I do. I am honest, kind and easily to get on with. Born in 1985, I am still unmarried. I'm sure I am capable but if I am accepted, I will try out my best to contribute to our firm.
I'm sure I'm fit at the position. My telephone number is 16161165616.
I'm looking forward to be answered early.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Mr.Brown，
I'd like to introduce myself to you.I want
apply for a position in your firm. I
from college three years ago and since then I have worked as
engineer. I am good at English and know some Japanese and
. I am hardworking and careful in
I do. I am honest, kind and
to get on with.Born in 1985，I am still unmarried. I'm sure I am capable
if I am accepted，I will try outmy best to contribute to our firm. I'm sure I'm fit
the position.My telephone number is 16161165616.I'm looking forward to
answered early.
Yours，
Li Hua