[基础知识·夯实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语注释及首字母提示写出下列单词的正确形式。
1. We got b______ with the long and meaningless speech given by Mr. Smith.
2. As for his performance, he was a f______， but he succeeded as a singer.
3. He succeeded in o______ many difficulties in learning English.
4. There were many ________ (时候) when the team could win, but they were not so lucky.
5. Everyone has a moment in history which belongs________(特别地) to her.
答案：1. bored 2. failure 3. overcoming 4. occasions 5. particularly
Ⅱ. 选词填空
up to now; cut off; pick up; be content with; be badly off
1.
With the electricity________， all the machines had to stop working.
2. He________the salary at present, so he's decided to leave the company.
3. Our junior middle school________for teachers.
4. ________，the work has been quite smooth.
5. I believe things will ________ soon.
答案：1. cut off 2. isn't content with 3. is badly off 4. Up to now 5. pick up
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Scientists are convinced________the positive effect of laughter________physical and mental health.
答案：of; on
解析：句意：科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。be convinced of“坚信，深信，确信”；effect常与on连用，意为“对……的影响”。以上两个均属于固定搭配。
2．If we are not________ ________(满意) the progress we have made，we will have greater success.
答案：content/satisfied with
解析：句意：如果我们不满足于我们所取得的进步，我们将会取得更大的成功。be content/satisfied with“对……感到满意”。
3．________ ________ ________(一到家) her home，Jennifer turned on her computer and chatted on line.(directly)
答案：Directly she reached
解析：directly用作从属连词相当于“as soon as”“一……就”，reach为及物动词直接可以跟名词作宾语。
4．My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very______(挑剔) about the food he eats.
答案：particular
解析：句意：我弟弟特别喜欢吃，但他不大挑食。be particular about“挑剔”。
5．We shouldn't complain about being poor, because many families are much______ ______(更贫穷) after the big earthquake.
答案：worse off
解析：由句意和句子成分分析可知，空格处应用比较级，表示“更拮据，更贫穷，境况更不好”。
6．—How could you______ ______(认出) your friend so easily?
—She is the kind of person who________ ______(显眼) in a crowd.
答案：pick out; stands out
解析：考查动词短语。句意：“你是怎么在人群中轻松地认出你的朋友来的？”“她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。”pick out“认出，辨别出”；stand out“显眼”。
7. －Tommy is planning to buy a car.
－I know. By next month, he________ ________ ________(save) enough for a used one.
答案：will have saved
解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语by next month可知，到下个月，他将会积攒足够的钱，因此应用将来完成时。
8. He got up late and hurried to his office, ________(leave) the
breakfast untouched.
答案：leaving
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他起晚了，匆忙赶往办公室，没有吃早饭。主语he与leave之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
9．Some people try to knock me down, only______ ________(make) me more determined to do better.
答案：to make
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人努力将我打倒，结果却让我决心做得更好。根据语意可知空处是不定式短语作结果状语，通常与only连用，表示出乎意料的结果。
10．－Wang Ming, will you take part in the coming National English contest?
—That's ________ ________(sure). We should catch the precious chance.
答案：for sure
解析：考查交际用语。答语的下一句提到“我们应该抓住这次宝贵的机会，”由此可知答话人“肯定”要参加。(That's) for sure/surely均可表示“肯定，无疑”。
[实战能力·提升]
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
[2017·银川、吴忠部分中学高三年级联考]
Juvenile Fire Stoppers
If you live
in
Bellevue
and
your
child
has
played with fire，deliberately set a fire or you are unsure how to teach your child about fire safety, the Bellevue Fire Department can help.
Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, the trained
teenagers can assess fire setting behavior, receive free fire
safety education and stop their dangerous behavior. For your
guidance, the Bellevue Fire Department offers the following：
Fire Setting
Fire setting is the term used to describe the behavior of children who have begun to use fire in a dangerous way.
Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain
the skills to alter this dangerous behavior. Do not put off dealing
with this behavior. Fire is a devastating and deadly force.
Motivations for Fire Setting
Children set fire for the following reasons：
Curiosity
About 75 percent of children set fires, because they are
curious. The opportunity is there because the child has access
to fire tools and is not supervised. He or she decides
to see what fire will do.
Reactionary
Reactionary fire setters are usually older, upset about something and not very good at expressing themselves. They typically light a fire as a way to let grownups know they need help. Their fire setting is in reaction to a problem.
Delinquent_Behavior
Usually delinquent fire setters light fires for fun. Most of the time, it's a prank(恶作剧) or because of a dare.
Most fire setters in this group don't realize they are breaking the law and could go to jail.
What you can do：
◆Set a good example. If you smoke, be responsible for your use of matches and lighters.Children learn by watching you.
◆Keep matches and lighters out of children's sight and reach.
Even toddlers (学步的儿童)
can use lighters and matches to start a fire.
◆Teach your children that if their clothes catch fire, they should not run, but stop, drop and roll.
They should immediately stop what they're doing, drop to the floor and roll over and over until the fire is out.
Urge your kids to sign up for the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program!
Contact Information
Fire Department
450 110th Ave. NE
Bellevue, WA 98009
Contact: Prevention Division
Phone:
425－452－6872
Email:
fire _prevention@ bellevuewa. gov.
1. The passage is meant for________.
A．parentsB．children
C．teachers
D．firefighters
2．The Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program can help children________.
A．obtain the driving skills
B．change their fire setting behavior
C．assess their survival skills
D．give up the habit of smoking
3. The
majority
of children set fires out of ________.
A. fun
B. reaction
C. courage
D. curiosity
4. We can learn from the passage that delinquent fire setting is________.
A. interesting
B. illegal
C. lawful
D. deadly
[文章大意] 本文主要提供了Bellevue消防部门举办的以阻止小孩玩火为目的的活动项目—the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program的相关信息。
1．A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“your child has played with fire”及“teach your child”可推知，本文是写给父母看的。
2．B。细节理解题。根据Fire Setting下面的“Through the Juvenile
Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain the skills to alter this dangerous behavior.”可知，the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program可以帮助孩子们改变玩火的行为。
3．D。细节理解题。根据Motivations for Fire Setting下面的“About 75 percent of children set fires，because they are
curious.”可知，大多数的孩子玩火主要是出于好奇。
4．B。细节理解题。根据Delinquent Behavior中的“Most fire setters in this group don't realize they are breaking the law and could go
to jail.”可知，过失纵火是违法的。
B
[2017·课标全国卷]
The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉).
Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze (凝视) starts to lose its focus－until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.
Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number or spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness?
When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;
likewise(同样地)
when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.
5. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the
baby's ________.
A. sense of hearing
B. sense of sight
C. sense of touch
D. sense of smell
6. Babies are sensitive to the change in ________.
A. the size of cards
B. the colour of pictures
C. the shape of patterns
D. the number of objects
7. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
B. To see how babies recognize sounds.
C. To carry their experiment further.
D. To keep the babies' interest.
8. Where does this text probably come from?
A. Science fiction.
B. Children's literature.
C. An advertisement.
D. A science report.
[文章大意] 刚刚出生的婴儿对眼前出现的不同图片和物体的数量有没有概念呢？他们对视觉和声音的变化敏感吗？对此，研究者进行了一系列的试验。
5．B。考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.”可知，第一段描述的试验主要针对的是婴儿的视觉(sense of sight)。
6．D。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.”可知，当图片上物体的数量发生变化时，婴儿注视图片的时间增加了一倍。由此可知，婴儿对物体数量的变化非常敏感。
7．C。考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，研究者变换了对婴儿的刺激方式，是为了更深入地进行研究。因此研究者让婴儿听鼓声是为了进行深入的研究。
8．D。考查推理判断。本文介绍了对婴儿进行的试验、试验的经过、结果等，因此本文可能来自于一份科学报告。
Ⅴ. 短文改错
Recently the issue of students' study has brought to public attention. Students are anxious about what to improve their scores. Some work very hard. They spend all their time in study.
They do nothing except to study.
As far as I'm concerned, it is not a good way to study. Alternating work with rest was the best way to study well. Students should try their best to learn knowledges as Francis Bacon said,
“Knowledge is power.”
Therefore, students should have other recreational activities to relax themselves, because people can do things more efficient after relaxing themselves. What's more, people can obtain knowledge from many sources besides books, that is beneficial for study.
Thus, combining exertion and rest are the best to study.
答案：
Recently the issue of students' study has
brought to public attention. Students are anxious about
to improve their scores. Some work very hard. They spend all their time
study.
They do nothing except to study.
As far as I'm concerned, it is not a good way to study. Alternating work with rest
the best way to study well. Students should try their best to learn
as Francis Bacon said,
“Knowledge is power.”
， students should have other recreational activities to relax themselves, because people can do things more
after relaxing themselves. What's more, people can obtain knowledge from many sources besides books,
is beneficial for study.
Thus, combining exertion and rest
the best to study.