[基础知识·夯实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语注释及首字母提示写出下列单词的正确形式。
1. Don't g______
at me like that; you deserved the scolding.
2. This shop tries its best to meet the needs of its ________(顾客)．
3. If you want to lose weight, you'd better ________
(节食)strictly.
4. The patient's________ (虚弱) is due to poor nutrition.
5. Isn't it possible to give us even a little more________(折扣)?
答案：1. glare 2. customers 3. diet 4. weakness 5. discount
Ⅱ. 选词填空
lose weight; earn one's living; before long; get tired of; in debt
1. This young couple are always ________ because they never consider their incomes before buying something.
2. His plan seemed to be too difficult, but________it proved to be practicable.
3. Everyone has to try________
when he grows up.
4. Students will________ listening to so much explanation of grammatical rules in class.
5. Why don't you give up sweets
________？
答案：1. in debt 2. before long 3. to earn his living
4. get tired of 5. to lose weight
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．－Why do you eat all the vegetables but leave________ meat untouched?
－I'm on________diet.
答案：the; a
解析：meat在此为特指当前就餐时的肉，故前面应加the; be on a diet“节食”，为固定搭配。
2．I am heavily ______ ______(欠债) at the moment, but I hope to be out of it when I get paid.
答案：in debt
解析：句意：我现在陷入严重的债务危机中，但是我希望发了工资后会摆脱债务困扰。in debt“欠债”。
3．The school needs to ________(平衡) the interests of different levels of students to create a better learning environment.
答案：balance
解析：句意：为了创造一个更好的学习环境，学校需要平衡学生不同水平的兴趣。balance平衡。
4．The school has very strict rules about cheating in exams, so no one can ______ ______ ______(逃脱惩罚) it.
答案：get away with
解析：考查动词短语。句意：学校对于考试作弊有非常严格的制度，因此没有人能够在作弊时逃脱惩罚。get away
with“逃脱处罚；做了……而不受惩罚”。
5．To take exercise indoors is less ________(benefit) than in the open air.
答案：beneficial
解析：句意：在室内锻炼不如在室外益处大。 beneficial“有益的，受益的”，符合句意。
6．If you don't pay your electricity
bill, it will be ________ ________(cut)．
答案：cut off
解析：考查动词短语。句意：如果你不交电费，(你的)用电就会被切断。cut off“切断”。
7．The child said that he had________(放置) the pen on the desk, but I thought he________(撒谎) to me.
答案：laid; lied
解析：考查lie与lay的用法区别。句意：那孩子说他把钢笔放在书桌上了，但是我认为他对我撒了谎。lay意为“放置”，过去式为laid; lie作“说谎”讲时，其过去式及过去分词均为lied。
8．There is a limit________people's life, but no limit________learning the knowledge.
答案：to; to
解析：考查limit的用法。There is a limit to表示“……是有限的”，to在此为介词，后接名词、代词或者动名词；根据句意“人的生命是有限的，但是学习知识是无限的”。
9．The five firemen who the director had________(rescue)the people in the fire were highly praised.
答案：rescue
解析：考查have sb. do sth.结构。the director had________the people in the fire 为定语从句。把定语从句还原成一个简单句后应为：The director had the five firemen rescue the people in the fire。在此处用动词原形。
10．Everybody said it was a perfect marriage; no one had ever known________ ________(happy) couple.
答案：a happier
解析：句意：大家都说那是一桩美满的婚姻，没有人认为有(比他们)更幸福的一对了。根据句意，可知设空处应该用比较级，“定冠词＋形容词比较级”表“两者当中较……的”；而“不定冠词＋形容词比较级”表示“一个更……的”，故在此用a happier。
[实战能力·提升]
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
[2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ]
Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family's last vacation. It was my sixyearold son's winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $ 400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay. I took my ninemonthold and took off for home.
The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged－okay, ordered－them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $ 1,600. Not bad, huh?
Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth. I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.
1. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?
A. They took a later flight.
B. They had early bookings.
C. Their flight had been delayed.
D. Their flight had been cancelled.
2. What can we learn about the author?
A. She rarely misses a good deal.
B. She seldom makes a compromise.
C. She is very strict with her children.
D. She is interested in cheap products.
3. What does the author do?
A. She's a teacher.
B. She's a housewife.
C. She's a media person. D. She's a businesswoman.
4. What does the author want to tell us?
A. How to expose bad tricks.
B. How to reserve airline seats.
C. How to spend money wisely.
D. How to make a business deal.
[文章大意] 一些人千方百计地省钱，作者也不例外。上次作者家人一起度假返程时，由于预订该趟航班机票的乘客过多，Delta航空公司给每位退票的乘客返还400美元。作者因为要去纽约开会就先带着9个月大的孩子如期回家了，而丈夫和6岁的儿子则等待次日的航班，结果由于他们乘坐了更晚一些的航班而得到了多达1600美元的补偿。
1．A。考查细节理解。根据第一段的第五句“The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知，由于预订这趟航班的乘客过多，因此航空公司决定对于那些愿意退票，然后乘坐次日航班返回的人每人返还400美元。
2．A。考查细节理解。根据第一段的前两句及第三段第二句中的“But as a bigtime bargain hunter”可知，作者很少错过很便宜的东西，故A项符合题意。
3．C。考查推理判断。根据第四段的第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是一位媒体人。
4．C。考查主旨大意。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者想要告诉我们如何聪明地花钱，在哪些地方可以省钱，在哪些地方可以出手大方。
B
[2017·河南省豫北三校高三联合考试]
Good News vs. Bad News
Bad news travels fast—when you watch the evening news or read the morning papers, it seems that things that get the most coverage are all tragedies like wars, earthquakes, floods, fires and murders.
This is the classic rule for the mass media.
“They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling，” Jonah Berger, a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, US, told The New York Times.
But with social media getting increasingly popular, information is now being spread in different ways, and researchers are discovering new rules—good news can actually spread faster and farther than disasters and other sad stories.
Berger and his colleague Katherine Milkman looked at thousands of articles on The New York Times' website and analyzed the “most popular”
list for six months.
One of his findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list. Those_stories
aroused feelings of awe and made the readers want to share this positive emotion with others.
Besides science stories,
readers were also found to be likely to share articles that were exciting or funny.
“The more
positive an article was, the more likely it was to be shared，” Berger wrote in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.
For example,
“stories about newcomers falling in love with New York City”
he writes, tend to be shared more than “the death of a popular zookeeper”．
The difference between the two is due to the fact that the mass media prefers news that gets attention, while when you share a story with your friends “you care a lot more about how they react”，
Berger explained.
But does all the good news actually make the audience feel better? Not necessarily.
According to a study by researchers at Harvard University,
people tend to say more positive things about themselves when they're talking to a bigger audience, rather than just one person, which helps explain all the perfect vacations that keep showing up on microblogs. This, researchers found, makes people think that life is unfair and that they're less happy
than their “friends”．
5. We can learn from the first five paragraphs that ______.
A. when you watch the evening news, it seems that things are all tragedies
B. the classic rule for the mass media is that they focus on your attention and your feelings
C. the new rule for the mass media appears because social media get increasingly popular
D. one of Berger's findings was that science articles were not much more popular
6. What kind of stories does the underlined part in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A.
Science stories. B.
Tragedy stories.
C. Murder stories.
D.
Funny stories.
7. Which of the following stories will not be popular on The New York Times' website?
A. An exciting trip to Europe.
B. A murder in
a hospital.
C. A new invention of cooker.
D. A funny experience in space.
8. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?
A.
Good news always makes the audience feel better.
B. Bad news always makes the audience feel frightened.
C.
All good news doesn't make the audience feel better.
D. All bad news doesn't make the audience feel frightened.
[文章大意] 本文是一篇议论文，就好消息和坏消息的传播和影响展开论述。
5．C。考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“But with social media getting
increasingly popular, information is now being spread in different ways,
and researchers are discovering new rules”可知，选项C为答案，其余选项均与原文不符。
6．A。考查细节理解。根据Those stories前面的“One of his findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list.”可知答案为A。
7.B。考查推理判断。根据文章第五段和第六段可知，在纽约时报的网站上，最受关注的是science
stories, exciting
or funny stories，故选B项。
8．C。考查段落大意。 最后两段的中心句为“But does all this good news
actually make the audience feel better? Not necessarily.”故选C项。
Ⅴ.短文改错
Every year on the four Thursday of November is Thanksgiving Day. It's a festival for Americans and Canadians with the purpose of showing thanks to harvest, while Canadians celebrate it in the second Monday of October. I have a penfriend in American. He wrote to me about his last Thanksgiving Day. He told me it was a time for family reunion. Families would come back to home to celebrate the festival altogether.
Most of the time it was his mother whom prepared the dinner. Turkey is must for the festival. It looks
like a huge chicken. His mother also made pumpkin pies and other delicious food for us. After the dinner, they talk with each other about the old things or the future plan.
He said sometime
they
would
invite
some
friends to
share
the happiness of Thanksgiving Day. In a word, he had a great time on Thanksgiving Day.
答案：
Every year on the
Thursday of November is Thanksgiving
Day. It's a festival for Americans and Canadians with the purpose of
showing thanks
to harvest, while Canadians celebrate it
the second Monday of October. I have a penfriend in
. He
wrote to me about his last Thanksgiving Day. He told me it was a time
for family reunion.
Families would come back to home to celebrate the
festival . Most of the time it was his mother
prepared the dinner. Turkey is
must for the festival. It looks like
a huge chicken.
His mother also made pumpkin pies and other
delicious food for . After the dinner，they
with each other
about the old things or the future plan.
He said
they would
invite some friends to share the happiness of Thanksgiving Day. In a
word, he had a great time on Thanksgiving Day.