2017届高考英语一轮复习同步训练：1-2《English around the world》

　　[基础知识·夯实]

　　Ⅰ. 单词拼写

　　根据汉语注释写出下列单词的正确形式。

　　1. The man was born in Germany and his ________(本族的) language is German.

　　2. You were wearing dark glasses. So it was hard for me to ________(认出) you.

　　3. The theory is ________(基于) on a series of wrong assumptions.

　　4. An interpreter must be________(流利的) in at least two languages.

　　5. Thunderstorms are________(频繁的) in Taiwan during summer.

　　答案：1. native　2. recognize　3. based　4. fluent　5. frequent

　　Ⅱ. 选词填空

　　make use of; come up; such as; even if; at present

　　1. That question________at yesterday's meeting.

　　2. Karl Marx could speak a few foreign languages, ________Russian and English.

　　3. You must ask for leave first ________you have something very important to do.

　　4. ________I don't have enough money in hand.

　　5. I think we should try to________what we have learned.

　　答案：1. came up　2. such as　3. even if　4. At present　5. make use of

　　Ⅲ.单句语法填空

　　1. With our knowledge________ ________(base) practice, we can make contributions to our society.

　　答案：based on

　　解析：考查with复合结构。base...on... “把……建立在……基础上”。base为及物动词，这里指base our knowledge on practice, base与knowledge之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾补。

　　2. His command was that we________ ________(start)immediately.

　　答案：start off/out

　　解析：command的表语从句中谓语动词应该使用虚拟语气，由(should) do构成。

　　3．More high­speed trains are________(request) to slow down to improve safety.

　　答案：requested

　　解析：句意：更多的高铁被要求减速来提高安全性。

　　4. －Hello. Could I speak to Tom, please?

　　－This is Tom speaking.

　　－Oh, it's great. But I________ ________(not, recognize) your voice just now.

　　答案：didn't recognize

　　解析：由just now“刚才”可知应用一般过去时态。

　　5．－I'm________ ________(than) happy to take you there in my car.

　　－You are so nice.Thank you.

　　答案：more than

　　解析：考查短语意义辨析。由答句可知第一个人非常乐意开车送第二个人去那儿，“more than”在此为“非常”之意。

　　6. I was about to give up when I ________ ________ ________(come) a good idea.

　　答案：came up with

　　解析：句意：我正要放弃，这时我想到了一个好主意。come up with“提出；想出”。

　　7. David said that it was________ ________(because)his strong interest in literature that he chose the course.

　　答案：because of

　　解析：it was... that... 强调原因状语，由于“his strong interest”为名词，故用because of。句意：戴维说就是因为他对文学有浓厚的兴趣，他才选择这门课程。

　　8．Every minute has been made full________ (use) of by the girls________ ________(learn) knowledge about etiquette(礼仪)．

　　答案：use; to learn

　　解析：考查make full use of的被动形式。句意：女孩们充分利用每一分钟来学习礼仪知识。还原成主动语态后应为：The girls have made full use of every minute to learn knowledge about etiquette.。

　　9. A lot of people here，________ ________(例如), Tom, are for the plan that we will go to the beach on foot.

　　答案：for example

　　解析：考查用于举例的表达形式。for example作“例如”讲时，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。such as作“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，且中间没有逗号分隔。

　　10．If you smile，________ ________you're in a bad mood，it will immediately improve your mood.

　　答案：even if/though

　　解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：如果你微笑，即使你情绪不好，它也会立刻改善你的心情。even if/though意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。

　　[实战能力·提升]

　　Ⅳ. 阅读理解

　　A

　　[2017·石家庄市高中毕业班复习教学质量检测]

　　Welcome to Summer Camps in Weedon Island Preserve

　　Weedon Island Preserve is a 3,190­acre natural area located on Tampa Bay. It is mostly made up of marine ecosystems. American Indians occupied this area for thousands of years. Today, Weedon Island Preserve, set up in 1972, protects this wide diversity of natural and cultural resources. The following summer camps will help you learn more about Weedon Island.

　　Archaeology Summer Camp

　　June 24 － 30, 2017

　　Cost:

　　$ 150 per person

　　Time: 8 a. m. －5 p. m.

　　Ages :

　　7 － 11

　　Florida Public Archaeology Network will again hold the archaeology camp at Weedon Island during the summer of 2017. This summer camp conducted by professional archaeologists is designed for children with a strong interest in the history as well as in learning how early people interacted with their environment. Campers will learn about the importance of archaeology and will gain understanding about early natural resources. The camp includes tour of an archaeological

　　site,

　　hands­on(实际操作的) archaeology,

　　lab analysis and pottery making.

　　For more information, contact Florida Public Archaeology Network

　　(813) 396－2327

　　or e­mail jmoates @ usf. edu.

　　Wildlife Ecology Summer Camp

　　July 8 －12, 2017

　　Cost:

　　$ 200 per person

　　Time: 9 a. m.

　　－4 p. m.

　　Ages :

　　7 － 11

　　This summer camp is designed for children with a strong interest in nature.

　　Campers will explore the ecology and conservation of Florida's wildlife with biologist George L. Heinrich. The camp will include hands­on activities, guest presentations, and exploration of the preserve's diverse habitats where campers will practice their nature detective skills.

　　Call George L. Heinrich at (727) 865 －6255 for more information or e­mail George@ heinrichecologicalservices. com.

　　Herpetology Summer Camp

　　July 15－20, 2017

　　Cost:

　　$ 180 per person

　　Time: 9 a. m．－5 p. m.

　　Ages: 7－11

　　This is a science­based, hands­on nature day camp sponsored by Heinrich Ecological Services. Inquisitive children love this six­day nature camp where they explore the fascinating world of amphibians and reptiles side by side with George L. Heinrich, a professional herpetologist.

　　Through up­close contacts with a variety of animals such as tortoises, frogs, lizards and snakes, campers learn about amphibian and reptile ecology and conservation. Call George L. Heinrich at (727) 865 － 6255 for more information or e­mail George @ heinrichecologicalservices. com.

　　l. What can we learn about Weedon Island?

　　A. Weedon Island was discovered in 1972.

　　B. Native Americans once lived in Weedon Island.

　　C. Weedon Island is famous for the wild birds.

　　D. Weedon Island covers 3,190 square kilometers.

　　2. If you are interested in the past, which summer camp will you probably attend?

　　A. Archaeology Summer Camp.

　　B. Wildlife Ecology Summer Camp.

　　C. Herpetology Summer Camp.

　　D. Indian Cultural Summer Camp.

　　3. We can infer that________.

　　A. Archaeology Summer Camp will appeal to brave kids

　　B. George L. Heinrich takes charge of Weedon Island Preserve

　　C.

　　the archaeology camp was held at Weedon Island before

　　D. George L. Heinrich has a good knowledge of history

　　4. What do the three summer camps have in common?

　　A.

　　They will be held at the same time.

　　B. The campers will pay the same fees.

　　C.

　　They will be conducted by the same college.

　　D. They are designed for the same age group.

　　5. If three kids attend Herpetology Summer Camp, how much will they pay in total?

　　A．$ 450.B．$ 540.

　　C．$ 600.

　　D．$780.

　　[文章大意]　本文为应用文，是三个夏令营的招生信息。

　　1．B。细节理解题。根据文中的“American Indians occupied this area for thousands of years.”可知，美国印第安人曾在Weedon Island上生活过。故B项正确。

　　2．A。推理判断题。根据Archaeology Summer Camp下面的“This summer camp conducted by professional archaeologists is designed for children with a strong interest in the history”可知A项正确。

　　3．C。推理判断题。根据Archaeology Summer Camp下面的“Florida Public

　　Archaeology

　　Network

　　will again

　　hold

　　the archaeology camp at Weedon Island”可推知，以前Weedon Island曾经举行过考古夏令营活动。故选C。

　　4．D。细节理解题。观察三个夏令营对年龄的要求一项可知，这三个夏令营针对的都是7～11岁的孩子。故选D。

　　5．B。细节理解题。根据Herpetology Summer Camp下面的“Cost：$ 180 per person”可知三个孩子应付540美元的费用。

　　B

　　[2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ]

　　The National Gallery

　　Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.

　　Layout：

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th­to 15th­century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

　　The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.

　　The North Wing houses 17th­century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velázquez, Claude and Vermeer.

　　The East Wing houses 18th­to early 20th­century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.

　　Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10 a．m. to 6 p．m. (Fridays 10 a．m. to 9 p．m.) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

　　Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2­minute walk),

　　Leicester Square (3­minute walk),

　　Embankment (7­minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8­minute walk)．

　　6．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

　　A. The 13th.

　　B. The 17th.

　　C. The 18th.

　　D. The 20th.

　　7．Where are Leonardo

　　da Vinci's works shown?

　　A. In the East Wing.

　　B.

　　In the main West Wing.

　　C. In the Sainsbury Wing.

　　D. In the North Wing.

　　8．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

　　A. Piccadilly Circus.

　　B. Leicester Square.

　　C. Embankment.

　　D. Charing Cross.

　　[文章大意]　本文是一篇说明文。题材为文学与艺术。本文介绍了国家美术馆的基本情况、展览内容、展出时间和乘车路线等。

　　6．A'细节理解题。根据第一段信息It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious

　　paintings to...可以得知本题选A项。

　　7．B'细节理解题。根据Layout部分第二段可知，Leonardo da Vinci的作品就在the main West Wing展厅。

　　8．D'细节理解题。从Getting There部分到达美术馆乘车所需的时间(2分钟的路程)来判断，Charing Cross离国家美术馆最近。

　　Ⅴ.短文改错

　　Dear Peter，

　　I'm writing to ask whether you can do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, hopeful a girl in her early twenty, and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone who is interesting in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Beside, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept that at home for some time. With such a pen friend, I think I can share her our traveling experiences, and whatever we have in common. And I believe I would improve my English by doing so and learn more about his country.

　　I look forward to hear from you soon.

　　Yours，

　　Susan

　　答案：

　　Dear Peter，

　　I'm writing to ask whether you can do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend,

　　a girl in her early

　　， and with interests similar

　　to mine. In my mind，she is someone who is

　　in traveling, swimming，and playing table tennis. ， it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept

　　at home for some time. With such a pen friend, I think I can share

　　her our traveling experiences,

　　whatever we have in common. And I believe I

　　improve my English by doing so and learn more about

　　country.

　　I look forward to

　　from you soon.

　　Yours.

　　Susan

　　　专题突破解题策略(一)

　　Zhuantitupojieticelüe

　　阅读理解之主旨大意题

　　主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中不可缺少的阅读题型之一，而且难度比较大。此类题目跟文章的主题有关，因此准确把握文章的大意对于提高解题的速度和准确率就显得格外重要。

　　命题形式：

　　1．考查文章的中心思想

　　The main idea/key point of this passage is that________./The passage is mainly about________.

　　From the passage we can learn/conclude that________./What's the main idea of the Paragraph...?

　　Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage？/What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　2．考查文章标题的选择

　　The best title/headline for this passage is________./Which of the following is the best title?

　　What would be the best title for the text？/The title that best expresses the idea of this passage is________.

　　3. 考查作者意图

　　The author writes the passage mainly to________.

　　What's the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph...?

　　应试策略：

　　1.采用浏览法(skimming)抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨。主题句通常在文章开头，也有可能在中间或末尾。

　　2.抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。

　　3.抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心。先弄清各个段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳，形成主题。了解文章的结构，把握全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。对这种能力的考查一般反映在文章的中心内容、文中某一段的大意或指代关系的题目中。

　　[典例1]　[2017·广东高考]

　　...

　　However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And，in addition to that,_in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising. To become great at certain things，it'll require even more time, time that most people won't put

　　in.

　　...

　　Whatever you do，if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out,

　　almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Consistent,

　　hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want,

　　but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

　　35. What is the main theme of the passage?

　　A. Having a goal is vital to success.

　　B. Being good is different from being great.

　　C. One cannot succeed without time and practice.

　　D. Luck，talent and family help to achieve success.

　　[解析]　C。本文是一篇议论文。只有花时间练习才有可能成功。文章的第二段提出论点，一个人要成功，就要坚持不懈地练习，要花很多时间。最后一段作出总结：如果不花时间练习，就不会成功；投入了时间和精力努力练习，不一定会成功，但一定会让你变得优秀。因此答案选C项。

　　[典例2]　[2017·安徽高考]Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater...

　　Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺)．..

　　Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference,

　　too...

　　You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with，use

　　the same glass for your drinking water all day...

　　63. The text is mainly about________.

　　A. why paving roads reduces our water

　　B. how much we depend on water to live

　　C. why droughts occur more in dry climates

　　D. how human activity affects our water supply

　　[解析]　D。本文为议论文。文章讨论的是人类活动对水供应的隐形影响。故D项最能概括本文主旨。A、B、C项是文中提到的细节内容。

　　[典例3]　[2017·天津高考]Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.

　　...

　　Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey－and the best part of yourself.

　　50. What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Charm of the Detour

　　B. The Road to Bravery

　　C. Creativity out of Necessity

　　D. Road Trip and Country Life

　　[解析]　A。很多时候生活中的旅行需要快速直接地到达目的地，但有时候绕道而行也别有一番趣味。根据最后一段可知，作者意识到这次的绕道而行让他们体验到冒险游荡的感觉，得到了更多的乐趣，贴近最真实的自己，也带给了他们美的享受，A项作为文章标题最佳。

　　[典例4]　[2017·湖北高考]We've reached a strange－some would say unusual－point.

　　While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.

　　...

　　We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems...

　　...

　　We know what we should be doing to lose weight－but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.

　　It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see

　　their kids shape up. Do as I say－not as I do.

　　62. Which would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Actions or Excuses?

　　B. Overweight or Underweight?

　　C. WHO in a Dilemma

　　D. No Longer Dying of Hunger

　　[解析]　A。文章说人们都知道肥胖的危害，却不愿意采取措施减肥。全文没有明显的主题句，但从文中的“While fighting world hunger continues to be...”“We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems.”“We know what we should be doing to lose weight－but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is...”“Do as I say－not as I do.”可归纳出，本文的主题应该是A项：是行动起来，还是继续为自己找借口？