考点透析 知识清单 考点警示
名词性从句是语法填空的必考点之一,也是写作中必备的写作句式,语法填空主要以填写关系词为主,做此类题时,首先判定设空处要填的词与所修饰词之间的关系,以及关连词在从句中的功能意义,然后准确判定填入连接代词,还是连接副词等。例如: (2017·广东)The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered __24__ the boy would do.
在此题中,设空之后的句子显然作wonder的宾语,也就是说——the boy would do为宾语从句,在此宾语从句中设空处要填入关系词,作do的宾语,故答案应为what。 另外,名词性从句在写作中使用较广,应加强名词性从句的各种从句形式的表达练习,以便使你的作文增加亮点。 1.主语从句作主语,主句谓语动词通常用单数;为使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语。如:It is a pity that you missed the film. 2.表语从句还可以用as if,as though引导。如:It almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all he knew at this last lesson. 3.表示“是否”,引导宾语从句时可用if或whether,但在介词后或直接与or not连用时,只能用whether引导;引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时,只能用whether,不用if。 4.同位语从句一般放在fact,news,idea,promise,suggestion,advice等抽象名词之后,说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导,不能由which引导。 5.当宾语从句又带有补足语时,要用it作形式宾语。如:I made it clear that I would have no time to do that tomorrow.我已讲明了我明天没时间做那件事。 6.在表示“建议”“命令”“要求”,如advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,request等词后的名词性从句,其谓语通常用“(should+)动词原形”。
如:His suggestion is that we should arrive there ten minutes earlier. 7.that引导名词性从句时,没有任何意义,也不作任何句子成分;但that引导定语从句时,它代指先行词,且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。如:
I still remember the promise that he made.我依然记得他许下的诺言。(定语从句)
The naughty boy made a promise that he would never make a noise.那个淘气的孩子保证说他以后再也不吵闹了。(同位语从句) 8.what可引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句,有时相当于“the+名词+that”,表示“(所)……的”。又如:
What(=The thing that)you said was right.你所说的是正确的。
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