云南省楚雄市2017高考英语完形填空、阅读理解一轮基础训练（21）及答案
完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Another person’s enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My father__1__me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is___2
for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no ___3
than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me, ___4
my head slightly upward, and looked me right in the eye. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are ___5 .This is not the worst boy at all, ___6
the smartest one who hasn’t yet found an outlet（释放的途径）for his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a(n) ___
between us. No one had ever called me smart. My family and neighbors had built me up in my ___8
as a bad boy . My stepmother changed all that.
She changed many things. She ___9
my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county srat, where my father’s career could be more ___10
and my brother and I could be better___11
.
When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand___12
and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her ernthusiasm,I___13 it had already improved our lives. I accepted her ___14
and began to write for local newspapers .I was doing the same kind of___15
that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my life’s work later. I wasn’t the __16
beneficiary (受益者).My father became the _
man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.
What power __18
has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one’s purpose and is ___19
strengthened by faith, it becomes an irresistible（不可抗拒的）force which poverty and temporary defeat can never ___
.
You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it. This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.
(
) 1.A. rushed
B. sent
C. carried
D. introduced
(
) 2.A. distinguished
B. favored
C. mistaken
D. rewarded
(
) 3. A. sooner
B. later
C. longer
D. earlier
(
) 4. A. dragged
B. shook
C. raised
D. bent
(
) 5. A. perfect
B. right
C. wrong
D. impolite
(
) 6. A. but
B. so
C. and
D. or
(
) 7. A. agreement
B. friendship
C. gap
D .relationship
(
) 8. A. opinion
B. image
C. espectation
D. mind
(
) 9. A. begged
B. persuaded
C. ordered
D. invited
(
) 10. A. successful
B. meaningful
C. helpful
D. useful
(
) 11. A. treated
B. entertained
C. educated
D. respected
(
) 12. A. camera
B. radio
C. bicycle
D. typewriter
(
) 13. A. considered
B. suspected
C. ignored
D. appreciated
(
) 14. A. belief
B. request
C. criticism
D. description
(
) 15. A. teaching
B. writing
C. studying
D. reading
(
) 16. A. next
B. same
C. only
D. real
(
) 17. A. cleverest
B. wealthiest
C. strongest
D. healthiest
(
) 18. A. ebthusiasm
B. sympathy
C. fortune
D. confidence
(
) 19. A. deliberately
B. happily
C. traditionally
D. constantly
(
) 20. A. win
B. match
C. reach
D. doubt
本文讲述了一个继母对作者的肯定，从而激发了孩子心中的对成功的渴望，继母心中的热情，终于促使作者成功了。
选D爸爸把我介绍给了她
选A因为是最坏的孩子而著名
3. 选B no later than 表示不迟于
. 选C 表示微微地抬了一下我的头
. 选C 你错了
.选A 前面有not 后面用but,不是最坏的而是最聪明的
.选B 这句话开始了我们之间的友谊，用友谊说明关系的亲密
.选D在我心目中我一直是一个坏男孩
.选B继母把我父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校
.选A在那儿我父亲的事业将更加成功
.选C而在那，我们弟兄们可以得到更好的教育
.选D给我买了二手的打字机，让我开始写作
.选D 我非常感激她的热心
.选A我接受了她的信念
.选B我从事的写作，因此用writing
.选C 我不是唯一的受益者
.选B我爸爸成了我们镇上最富裕的人
.选A热情有着多强大的力量呀
.选D 不断得到增强
.选B这种力量是贫穷和暂时的挫折所不能相比的
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2017·天津，D)
When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.
For kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)．
In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.
In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)．
My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.
I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.
Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I don't think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.
We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we've got to have. We're so selfconscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.
Happiness isn't about what happens to us—it's about how we see what happens to us. It's the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，通过诸多的对比体验点明了幸福的真谛：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。幸福就是满足。
16．As people grow older, they ________.
A．feel it harder to experience happiness
B．associate their happiness less with others
C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness
D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness
答案：A 细节理解题。由第一段which seems to get rarer the older we get 我们越老，幸福变得越来越少。可知随着人们变老，人们越难以体验幸福。故选A项。
17．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?
A．She cares little about her own health.
B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.
C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.
D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.
答案：C 归纳概括题。第五段总体讲了作者对幸福的定义就是“快乐的能力”，越享受拥有的东西，越快乐。第六段具体讲述了作者的一系列幸福体验。可以看出作者对于日常生活中的一些小细节都很容易感到快乐。故选C项。
18．What can be informed from Paragraph 7?
A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.
B．Psychologists' opinion is well proved by Grandma' case.
C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.
D．Grandma's happiness came from modest expectations of life.
答案：D 推理判断题。由第七段中知道祖母没有休闲时光，没有令人满意的工作，可是祖母对生活很满足，与心理学家的看法不一致，所以排除AB项。祖母没有休闲时光所以不可能经常找时间进行社交聚会，排除C项。祖母对平淡的生活很满足可以推断出祖母的幸福来自适度的生活期望。故选D项。
19．People who equal happiness with wealth and success ______.
A．consider pressure something blocking their way
B．stress their right to happiness too much
C．are at a loss to make correct choices
D．are more likely to be happy
答案：B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二三句话我们过分刻意的追求幸福的权利，因此我们追逐它，把它等同于财富和成功。故选B项。
20．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.
B．Each man is the master of his own fate.
C．Success leads to happiness.
D．Happy is he who is content.
答案：D 主旨大意题。由最后一段得出结论：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。也就是说感到满足就是幸福。故选D项。
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So tradeoffs will have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated
tradeoffs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
本文是一篇说明文。19世纪，美国政府拨款修建铁路和公路，这既带来了好处，也带来了一些不利。现在21世纪，一种新型的电力系统会给美国带来好处还是坏处，这是值得考虑的一个问题。在建这种新型的电力系统时，我们要记住铁路和公路的影响。
1．What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.
B. Some railroad stops remained underused.
C. Land in the West was hard to manage.
D. Land grants went into private hands.
答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“...and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.”可知，建铁路导致的问题是“土地所有权给土地管理带来了挑战”。A项是修建公路的影响；B项说一些铁路站一直未被充分利用，是错误的；D项原文未说。
．What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?
A. The transmission of power.
B. The use of money and power.
C. The conservation of solar energy.
D. The selection of an ideal place.
答案：B。推理判断题。细读最后两段可知，对于可替代能源的发展主要的担忧是钱和力，钱和力可能带来一些好处，有可能被浪费掉，并且带来一些其他的问题。
．What is the author's attitude towards building solar plants?
A. Cautious.
B. Approving.
C. Doubtful.
D. Disapproving.
答案：A。推理判断题。根据全文以及文章的最后一句话“So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highroads as we construct these new power plants in the West.”可知，对正在建立新的电力系统是比较谨慎的。
．Which is the best title for the passage?
A. How the Railways Have Affected the West
B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled
答案：B。主旨大意题。文章借助于铁路和公路对美国的影响，要说明的是太阳能这种新的电力系统对美国西部地区会有什么的影响。