专限时训练(二十八) [社会生活型阅读理解(二)]
(限时：每篇7分钟)
(一)
Someday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites you’ve visited.Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.
In fact，it’s likely that some of these things have already happened to you.Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend，a marketing company, a boss，a policeman or a criminal.Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen—the 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)．
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though it’s important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.Actually few boundaries remain.The digital breadcrumbs(面包屑)you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like.In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think.Like it or not，increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret. The key question is：Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is“no”．When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is“slipping away, and that bothers me”．
But people say one thing and do another.Only a small part of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy.Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费亭)to avoid using the EZPass system that contracts(跟踪) automobile movements.And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards.Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50centoff coupon(优惠券)．
But privacy does matter—at least sometimes.It’s like health: when you have it，you don’t notice it.Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.
()1.From Paragraph 2，we can infer________.
A．criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology
B．people tend to be more frank with each other in the information age
C．in the 21st century people try every means to look into others’ secrets
D．people’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge
()2.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?
A．There should be a distance even between friends.
B．There should be fewer quarrels between friends.
C．Friends should always be faithful to each other.
D．Friends should open their hearts to each other.
()3.Why does the author say“we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？
A．There are always people who are curious about other’s affairs.
B．Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.
C．People leave traces around when using modern technology.
D．Modern society has finally developed into an open society.
()4.What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?
A．They change behavior that might disclose their identity.
B．They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.
C．They rely more and more on electronic equipment.
D．They use various loyalty cards for business deals.
()5.According to the passage，privacy is like health in that ________.
A．its importance is rarely understood
B．it is something that can easily be lost
C．people will make every effort to keep it
D．people don’t treasure it until they lose it
(二)
Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(抵挡，避开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D．is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
()8.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions”(Line 1, Para.2) ?
A．Adds up to.
B．Does away with.
C．Lessens the effect of.
D．Lays the foundation of.
()9.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of________.
A．informational support
B．instrumental support
C．social companionship
D．the strengthening of selfrespect
()10.Social companionship is beneficial in that ________.
A．it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B．it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
C．it makes our leisuretime activities more enjoyable
D．it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
(三)
Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes.Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore.At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S．， for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell.A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any company that is breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.
()11.The main topic of the passage is________.
A．conditions in the work place
B．the freedom of industries in the past
C．changes in industrial production
D．the safety and health of workers and customers
()12.It can be inferred from the passage that in the past________.
A．workers often got ill because of the poor working conditions
B．companies were free to put out any products they wanted to
C．many people were killed by dangerous products
D．industries were as careful in management as they are today
()13.It is implied in the passage that________.
A．governments and companies had different opinions about the safety of products
B．governments paid little attention to the safety of products
C．government officials often did not listen to scientists
D．in the past no safety laws were introduced by governments
()14.Some years ago safety rules________.
A．were put forward due to scientists’ recommendations
B．came into being as a result of the workers’ demands
C．were introduced because quite a number of people were killed or seriously injured
D．were effective enough to protect workers and customers
()15.The special departments protect customers and workers in many ways EXCEPT by________.
A．testing new products
B．controlling the sale of products
C．designing new products
D．inspecting work places专限时训练(二十八)
(一)