2017高考英语暑假练习（12）（答案或解析）

　　2017高考英语暑假练习（12）（答案或解析）

　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。

　　EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High school, customers pour into a special experiment :the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.

　　Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries.

　　By closing time at 9.20 a.m. , the shop usually sells 90drinks.

　　“whoever made the chi tea, Ms. Schwartzman says it was good, ”Christy McKinley , a second year student , announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher.

　　The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.

　　They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers.

　　Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia.

　　Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content?

　　Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition（营养）guidelines.

　　The whole school has joined in to help.

　　Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the morning. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups.

　　(

　　) 1.What is the text mainly about？

　　A. A best-selling coffee.

　　B. A special educational program.

　　C. Government support for schools.

　　D. A new type of teacher-student relationship.

　　.The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order to

　　.

　　A. raise money for school affairs

　　B. do some research on nutrition

　　C. develop students’ practical skills

　　D. supply teachers with drinks

　　(

　　) 3.How did Christy McKinley know Ms. Schwartzman’s opinion of the chi tea？

　　A. She met her in the shop.

　　B. She heard her telling others.

　　C. She talked to her on the phone.

　　D .She went to her office to deliver the tea.

　　.We know from the text that Ginger Gray

　　.

　　A. manages the Dixie PIT program in Kenton County

　　B. sees that the drinks meet health standards

　　C. teaches at Dixie Heights High School

　　D. owns the school’s coffee shop

　　B篇

　　.选B。考查文章主题大意。主要看首段customers pour into a special experiment: the district's first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs和第五段最后the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.文章主要讲的是一个特殊的教育项目。

　　.选C。第五和第六段说明这个教育项目是为学生走出社会做准备的，所以主要是锻炼学生的实际动手能力。

　　.选C。第四段，考查hang up的意思“挂电话”。

　　.选B。倒数第三段。

　　Passage Fourteen(Antarctica and Environment) Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share. The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island. While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation. Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them. 1.What is the best title for this passage? [A] Antarctica and environmental Problems. Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station. [C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post. [D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place. 2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? [A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared. The western part of the continent would be reduced. [C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands. [D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands. 3.Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? [A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away. It rarely snows. [C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind. [D] Sand dunes. 4.Which of the following is true? [A] The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside. The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers. [C] The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant. [D] The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists. Vocabulary 1.distant-early-warning sensor            远距离早期报警传感器 2.plateau                        高原，高地 3.slash                        挥砍 4.blast                        一阵疾风/狂风 5.vicious                        邪恶的，凶魔般的 6.gorge                        峡谷 7.ripple                        起伏，使起微波 8.sand dune                  沙丘 9.verdant                        绿色 10.extraterrestrial                  地球之外的 11.aura                        气氛 难句译注 1.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. 【结构简析】see … as 把……看作。Where定从修饰Antarctic。 【参考译文】因此，越来越多的科学家把南极洲视为一个远距离早期报警敏感器，在那里地球许多潜在的危险动向早在它们出现于北方以前就能发现。 2.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountain 东指的使印度正南的这一部分。或山移动的那部分洲。 3.an aura of extraterrestrial desolation 应译为：与地球格格不入的一种荒凉隔绝的气氛。或与世隔绝的一种荒凉气氛。 写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。采用因果，点面结合写法。首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。 答案详解 1.A 南极洲和环境问题。 B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。三项都是总内容众的组成部分。 2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。可是，这里冰层覆盖在大大低于海平面的岩石。如果西南极洲冰层消失，那这大陆西部将成为稀疏的岛群。” A. 大陆西部将小时。B. 大陆西部缩小。 D. 大陆西部将成为分散的岛屿。 3.C 因为地球变暖和狂风劲吹。在第四段：“……这些干谷甚至在寒冬季节也很少有冰雪。它们插在南维多利亚陆地的山脉中，一度曾有从极地高原到罗斯海的深度为9000英尺的冰河。现在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一万年间地球变暖的结果。即使落入干谷的雪也被从极地高原咆哮入海的邪恶狂风吹散了。留下来的是裸露的壮观的峡谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被时速一百英里的大风雕刻成奇形怪状的大砾石，形成与世隔绝的荒凉景象。” A. 邪恶的狂风吹走了雪。B. 它很少下雪。D.沙丘。这三项只是干谷现象的一部分。 4.C 他们可能为地球上绿色地区带来了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“尽管干谷具有神秘的一面，科学家却相信他们可能为地球上葱绿的地方带来了希望的信息。” A.干谷内什么都没有留下。B. 干谷内从没有冰河。D. 按照科学家的看法，干谷毫无用处。

　　阅读理解

　　“Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making. For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.

　　He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.

　　In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says “The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”

　　Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding；Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.

　　(

　　) 1. According to the text, James March is ____________.

　　A. a poet who uses experience in his writing

　　B. a teacher who teachers story writing in university

　　C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act

　　D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions

　　(

　　) 2. According to James March, experience ______________.

　　A. is overvalued

　　B. is easy to explain

　　C. should be actively sought

　　D. should be inactively sought

　　(

　　) 3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

　　A. Experience makes stories more accurate.

　　B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.

　　C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.

　　D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.

　　(

　　) 4.What’s the purpose of this text?

　　A. To introduce a book.

　　B. To describe a researcher.

　　C. To explain experiential learning.

　　D. To discuss organizational decision making.

　　【答案与解析】

　　【要点综述】文章介绍了James March所著的一本名为The Ambiguities of Experience书。本书针对人们生活中过分依赖经验这一现象作了分析实际上是告诫人们不可高估经验的作用。

　　1．C 细节理解题。根据首段“For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act,”可知。

　　．A 推理判断题。根据首段第一句及第2段“The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），...”可得知March认为人们高估了经验的作用。

　　．B细节理解题。根据第3段“The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”可判断正确答案为B。

　　．A 推理判断题。此题判断作者的写作意图。从首段最末一句“he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.”及末段“Though the book is short, it is demanding；Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons.”可推断出本文是介绍March所著的这本书。