动词及动词短语
1．state vt.statement n．陈述；说明 2．greet vi. & vt.greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼 3．represent vt.representative n．代表(人士) 7．approach vt. & vi. n．接近；方法；途径 8．defend vt.defence n．防御；保卫 10．misunderstand vt.misunderstanding n．误解；误会 1．represent vt.representation n．代表，代表团，代理 representative adj.代表性的 n．代表，代理人 represent sb. as/to be 宣称某人为…… represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 represent sth./sb. as sth./sb. 把……描绘成……
[即学即练1](1) The rose _____________ love. 玫瑰花是爱情的象征。(2) This picture _____________ a storm at sea. 这幅画表现的是海上风暴。(3) He ____________ China in the conference. 他代表中国参加了这次会议。(4) He ___________ himself ________ an expert. 他称自己是专家。
Representsrepresents//represented//represents to be
3．approach vt. n. 入门，接近；方法，途径 approach sb. on/about sth. 与某人接洽/商量某事 approach to 接近；近似；(做某事)的方法(途径) a new approach to language teaching 一种新的语言教学 方法 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 make approaches to sb.和某人打交道
[即学即练3](1)A new year ________________. 新年快到了。(2)He ______________ the question as a scientist. 他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。(3)I like her ____________ the problem. 我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。(4)Did Mary _________ you ______ lending her some money? 玛丽找你商量过有关借些钱给她的事吗？
is approaching//approached//approach to//approach about
4．defend vt. defense/defence n. 防卫，防御 defense works 防御工事，a defense satellite 防御卫星 defend one's argument 为某人的论点辩护 defend...against... 保护……，defend...from(harm) 保护……不受(伤害)
[即学即练4](1)They couldn't ________ us __________ our rights.他们不能阻挠我们捍卫我们的权利。(2)We need some lawyers to ____________. 我们需要几个律师为我们辩护。(3)We should ______ the child ______ harm. 我们要保护这孩子不受伤害。(4)Their duty is to ______ the country ______ its enemies. 他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵)。Prevent defending//defend us//defend from//defend against
5．amuse vt.amusement n．消遣；娱乐
7．attract vt.attraction n．有吸引力的事物；吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的
10．preserve vt. n．保护区
16．advance vt. & vi.advanced adj.高级的；先进的
2．amusement n. 消遣；娱乐(活动)
amuse vt. 使发笑，使愉快；娱乐
amusing adj. 有趣的，逗乐的
amused adj. 感到快乐的
in amusement 开心地
to one's (great) amusement 令人感到(极)好笑的是
amuse sb./oneself by doing 通过做……来取乐
amuse sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴
be amused at/by 对……感到好笑
[即学即练2](1)__________________， the actor jumped on and off the stage.
令我们感到有趣的是，那个演员在舞台上跳上跳下。
(2)Reading and seeing movies are among my _____________.
阅读和看电影是我的娱乐活动。
(3)The boys ________ themselves ________ drawing caricatures of their teacher.
男孩子们画他们老师的漫画像来取乐。
To our amusement//amusements//amused by
(4)We __________________ the storyteller's jokes.
听了讲故事者的笑话，我们感到很好笑。
(5)I had an ___________ experience last year.
去年我有过一次好笑的经历。
were amused at/by//amusing
3．preserve vt.保护，维护，保存(以免受破坏)；保留
n．保护区
preserve sb./sth. from sth.保护……免受……
preservation n．维护；保护；保持；保养
[即学即练3](1)I think these traditional customs should ____________.
我认为应该保留这些传统习俗。
(2)They were determined to _________
their leader ______ humiliation(侮辱)。
他们决心保护他们的领导人免受侮辱。
(3)You can _________ meat or fish in salt.
你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。
(4)No hunting is allowed __________________.
在自然保护区内不许打猎。
be preserved//preserve from//preserve//in the preserve
4．advance v n．前进，提升
advanced adj. 先进的，高级的
advance on/upon/toward... 向……推进/挺进
advance (sb.) to...提升(某人)为……
make advances (in) (在 ……方面)进步，in advance 预先，advanced technology 先进技术
[即学即练4](1) A month has gone by, but the work __________________.
一个月过去了，可是工作却没有进展。
(2)The date of the meeting __________________ four days.会议提前四天召开。
(3) The rent must be paid ____________.
租金须预付。
(4)Ancient Greece was an __________ civilization.
古希腊是个先进的文明国家。
has not advanced//was advanced by//in advance//advanced
5．admission n. (罪行)；允许进入
admit vt.&vi. 承认；供认；准许进入；接纳；容纳
make an admission of sth.＝admit sth. 承认某事
admit doing sth. 承认做某事
admit of sth. 容许某事
admit of no doubt 不容怀疑
admit to 承认；通向
admit that 从句 承认
admit sb./sth. into sth. 允许……进入……
admit sb./sth. as/to be 承认某人或某物为……
[即学即练5](1)The university __________ policy needs to be improved.
大学的招生政策要改进。
(2)The minister's resignation was __________________ she had lied.
这位部长辞职等于承认她自己撒过谎。
(3)She admitted _________ the bicycle.
她承认偷了自行车。
(4)Only ticket－holders will __________________ the stadium.只有有票的人才准进入体育场。
Admission//an admission that//stealing//be admitted into
6．get close to 接近
close to 靠近；几乎
keep a close eye/watch on 密切注视；严密监视
close up/to 在近处
close up to 离……很近
[即学即练6](1)The little child wanted to watch the game ____________.
那个小孩子很想靠近看比赛。
(2)You will find it hard to _____________ the tiger.
你会发现很难靠近那只老虎。
(3)The picture looks very different when you see it ____________.这幅画贴近看时很不一样。
close up//get close to//close to/up
7．come to life
come (back) to life/one's senses 苏醒过来
come to oneself 恢复常态
come to sb. (主意、)被想出
come to sth. 合计，，come to a conclusion 作出结论
come to an end 结束
come to nothing (no good) 没有结果(好处)
come to sb.'s attention 受到注意
come to the point 谈正题
[即学即练7](1)The wounded soldier ______________ again.伤兵又苏醒过来。
(2)This painting _____________________.
这幅画接近于完美(的境地)。
(3)The idea ____________ me in the bath.
我洗澡时，想出了这个主意。
(4)I never expected those few items to ____________ so much.
我根本没想到那么几件商品合计起来竟要花这么多钱。
came to life//comes near to perfection//came to//come to
B5U1
2．conclude vt. & vi.conclusion n．结论；结束 3．defeat vt. n．失败 4．attend vt.5．expose vt.exposion n．暴露
8．absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 9．suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion n．怀疑→suspicious adj.有疑心的 10．foresee vt.预见；预告→foretell v．预言→forecast v．预报
11．blame vt. n．过失；责备 12．pollute vt.pollution n．污染 14．link vt. & n15．announce vt.announcement n．通知；宣告 16．instruct vt.instruction n．教授；传授→instructions n．指示，
17．construct vt.construction n．建设；建筑物 18．contribute vt. & vi.contribution n．贡献 19．spin vi. & vt.()旋转；纺(线或纱) 20．reject vt.rejection n．拒绝；抛弃
1．conclude vt.(不用于进行时) conclusion n． 结论，推论 conclusive adj. 结论性的 conclude...by/with...以……结束 conclude to do sth. 决定做某事
conclude...from...从……中推断 to conclude (做插入语)最后(一句话) in conclusion 最后，bring...to a conclusion 使……结束 make a conclusion 下结论 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论，
[即学即练1](1)He _____________ his speech with a joke. 他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。(2)The meeting ____________ at nine o‘clock. 会议9点钟结束了。(3)The police ____________ that he must be the murderer. 警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。
Concludedconcluded//concluded
(4)____________， wish all of you good health and a long life.。(5)____________， I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today.。
To concludeIn conclusion
2．attend vt.&vi. attendance n. 出席，到场，参加 attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听报告/上学 attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人 attend to 处理，，，
[即学即练2](1)He didn‘t __________________ yesterday.他昨天没有参加会议。(2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody ______________ him. 长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，。(3)Business has to __________________. 生意是必须要料理的。
attend the meetingto attend on//be attended to
(4)__________your studies. 专心你的学习。
Attend to
3．expose vt. exposure n. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭发 expose sth./sb./oneself (to...) 显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(给……) be exposed to 暴露于……
[即学即练3](1)My job as a journalist is to _______________.我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实。(2)Don‘t ______ babies ______ strong sunlight. 不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。(3)It’s very dangerous to _______________ these viruses without any protection. 不加任何保护，。
expose the truthexpose to//be exposed to
5．absorb vt.(液体、气体等)；理解，获取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或兴趣 absorb water/light/heat (＝take in) 吸收水/光/热 absorb what sb. said 理解某人所说的话 absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in... 全神贯注于……
[即学即练5](1)Black cloth __________ light. 黑色布料吸收光线。(2)Did you ______ everything the professor said? 教授说的你全部理解了吗？ (3)He ________________ deep thought. 他陷入沉思。
Absorbsabsorb//was absorbed in
6．suspect vt.n．suspect sth.怀疑某事 suspect thatclause怀疑…… suspect sb. of(doing) sth. 怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事 suspect sb. to be...猜想某人是……
[即学即练6](1)I began to _________ (that) they were trying to get rid of me. 我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。(2)They ______ him ______ murder. 他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。(3)What made you _________ her ______ having taken the money？你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？ (4)The police arrested the _________ yesterday. 警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。
Suspectsuspect of//suspect of//suspect
8．contribute vt.&vi.(稿) contribution n. 贡献，捐献，投稿 contributor n. 捐助者；投稿人 contribute to sth. 增加，contribute sth. to/towards 给……捐献/捐赠 contribute (sth.) to sth. 撰稿；投稿 make a contribution to...为……作贡献
[即学即练8](1)We should __________ food and clothing ______ the relief of the poor. 我们应该捐赠食品和衣物救济贫民。(2)Drink _______________ his ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。(3)The Song Dynasty _____________ three great inventions ______ world civilization. 宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。(4)He ___________ an article ______ China Daily. 他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。
Contribute forcontributed to//contributed to//contributed to
9．reject vt.n．
[即学即练9](1)My cousin tried to join the army but ____________. 我堂兄试图参军，。(2)After the transplant his body __________ the new heart. 在移植手术后，。(3)I __________ the rotten oranges.我把腐烂的橘子扔掉了。was rejected//rejected//rejected
提示：reject与refuse的区别 refuse指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。 reject不能用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，其后不能跟不定式。 She refused (to accept) my gift.＝She rejected my gift. 她拒绝接受我的礼物。
10．put forward put away/aside 放在一边；收拾起来；储存 put back 放回，put down 写下；镇压；放下 put forth 提出；颁布 put...into 把……翻译成 put off 延期，
put on 穿、(速度、)增加；上演 put out 扑灭，put through 接通电话 put up 举起；建造；张贴 put up with 忍受，，
[即学即练10](1)She often ___________ some useful advice.她常常提出一些有用的建议。(2)Can I ______ you/your name ___________ as golf club secretary？我推荐你担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书怎么样？ (3)We have ______ the wedding ___________ one week.我们已将婚礼提前了一周。(4)______ your watch __________； you‘re five minutes slow. 把你的表往前拨一下，5分钟。
puts forwardput forward//put forward by//Put forward
11．apart fromtake...apart把……拆开 tell...apart区分，set/put apart留出
[即学即练11](1)____________ the cost, it will take a lot of time.除了花钱以外，。(2)I have nothing ____________ the clothes I am wearing.除了我身上穿的衣服以外，。(3)The mechanics ______ the engine ______. 机械师把发动机拆开了。(4)It’s almost impossible to ______ Jackie and Moira ______ since they had their hair cut. 杰姬和莫伊拉把头发剪了，。
Apart fromapart from//took apart//tellapart
12．make sense make sense of sth. 懂；了解……的含义 make no sense 讲不通；无意义 in a sense 就某种意义而言；在某种意义上 in no sense 决不是；决非 There is no sense in doing sth. 做……没必要/道理 a sense of humor/safety 幽默感/安全感 common sense 常识
[即学即练12](1)What he says ____________. 他说的有道理。(2)Can you ______________ this poem? 你能明白这首诗的含义吗？ (3)What you say is true ___________. 你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。(4)That just ____________________ me. 那对我毫无意义。
makes sensemake sense of//in a sense//makes no sense to
(5)_____________ does this excuse their actions. 这决不能成为他们行为的托辞。(6)_____________________in getting upset about it now.现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。
In no senseThere is no sense
1. defeat/beat/win 这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。(1)defeat和beat是同义词，。a team, a class, a school, an army等。defeat，beat，。(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，game, war, prize, fame, battle等。win。
[1] 用defeat, beat, win填空 (1)He ____________ all his opponents in the election. (2)Peasants ______ the drought and reaped a good harvest. (3)After a hearttoheart talk, I ______ his belief at last.
defeated/beat //beat//won
(4)The enemy’s plot was _________ very soon. (5)We wouldn’t have ______without your help. (6)Mary ______ first prize for swimming.
Defeated//won//won
2. cure/treat/heal (1)treat指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，treat sb. for sth.，，treat...as/视为。(2)cure意为“治愈，，。，sb. of再加表示疾病的名词。，，，。(3)heal意为“治愈”，，wound, cut, injury, burn等。
[2] (1)He _________ his students as his own children.他把学生看作自己的孩子。(2)The doctors are trying to ______ him with a new drug. 医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病。(3)His wound is _________ over. 他的伤口正在愈合。 (4)The medicine will ______ you of your cough. 这药能治好你的咳嗽。(5)When I left hospital I was completely ______. 出院时我已完全康复了。
Treatedtreat//healing//cure//cured
3. announce/declare (1)announce宣布；宣告(含有“预告”的意思)，尤其是大家所关心的或有资讯价值的事情的宣布。announce说个人要做某事，。(2)declare宣布(如公开声明战争、、、)，。
[3] (1)This powerful country _________ war on that small country. 这个大国向那个小国宣战。(2)It was ___________ that there would be a celebration on Sunday.据宣布，(活动)。
Declaredannounced