浙江省富阳市2017高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（8）及答案
【广东省增城市调研试题
The best and worst part about being a twenty-something is that every decision you make can change the rest of your life. Once you're in your 30's or 40's, it gets harder and harder to reinvent yourself. So I made an interview with Dr. Meg Jay, the clinical psychologist. He explains why the twenties matter, and how to make the most of them.
In Dr. Meg Jay's opinion, our 20s are the defining decade of adulthood. 80% of life's most important moments take place by about age 35. And 2/3 of lifetime wage growth happens during the first ten years of a career. More than half of Americans are married or are dating or living with their future partner by age 30. Personality can change more during our 20s than at any other decade in life. Female fertility(生育能力) peaks at 28. The brain caps off (结束) its last major growth. When it comes to adult development, 30 is not the new 20. Even if you do nothing, not making choices is a choice all the same. Don't be defined by what you didn't know or didn't do.
On the other hand, I also ask him how the 20s track their progress toward their future goals and whether milestones like 21 and 30 are really important. Dr. Meg Jay think it absolutely important. Milestones--21, 25, 30, New Year's, birthdays, reunions--are important because they cause self-reflection. What he mentioned are as follows: Am I where I wanted to be by this age? Did I do what I said I would do this year? If not, why not. And if not now, when? A 20-year-old girl who interviewed me recently told me about a question she was advised to ask herself as she moved through adulthood: "If you keep living your life exactly as it is, where will you be in 3 years?" If you don't like the answer, now is the time to change course.
Surely the 20s are for experimenting, but not just with philosophies(人生观) and vacations and substances(物质). The 20s are your best chance to experiment with jobs and relationships. Then each move can be more intentional and more informed than the last.
31. Once you make a decision in your 20's, it will __________.
A. be the best part B. be the worst part
C. change your whole life D. affect your future life
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。第一段第一句every decision you make can change the rest of your life.32. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Decisive B. Describing
C. Explaining
D. changeable
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据从后句 most important moments推出Decisive
33. What is the most changeable during the 20s according to the passage?
A. Career
B. Marriage
C. Character D. Philosophies
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。从第二段第五句：Personality can change more during our 20s than at any other decade in life可知答案。34. According to Paragraph 3, one reason why Dr. Meg Jay stresses the importance of 20s is that ______.
A. it is a milestone B. it tracks their progress
C. it leads to self-reflection D. it achieves their future goals
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。从第三句 cause self-reflection与之同义。
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The 20s are of importance, and how to make use of them.
B. The 20s can change the rest of your life.
C. The 20s are milestones to reach their future goals.
D. The 20s are the best chance to experiment.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。答案重点在第一段可找到，但各段都按这个中心展开。A woman renewing her driver’s license at the County Clerk’s office was asked to state her occupation. She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself.
“What I mean is,” explained the recorder, “do you have a job, or are you just a …”
“Of course I have a job,” said Emily. “I’m a mother.”
“We don’t list ‘mother’ as an occupation… ‘housewife’ covers it,” said the recorder.
One day I found myself in the same situation. The clerk was obviously a career woman, confident and possessed of a high sounding title. “What is your occupation?” she asked.
The words simply popped out. “I’m a Research Associate in the field of Child Development and Human Relations.”
The clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in midair.
I repeated the title slowly, then I stared with wonder as my statement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire.
“Might I ask,” said the clerk with new interest, “Just what you do in this field?”
Coolly, without any trace of panic in my voice, I heard myself reply, “I have a continuing program of research (what mother doesn’t), in the lab and in the field (normally I would have said indoors and out). Of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities (any mother care to disagree?), and I often work 14 hours a day (24 is more like it). But the job is more challenging than most careers and rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money.”
There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk’s voice as she completed the form, stood up, and showed me out.
As I drove into our driveway, buoyed up (鼓舞) by my glamorous new career, I was greeted by my lab assistants---ages 13, 7, and 3.
Upstairs I could hear our new experimental model (a 6 month old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal（嗓音的） pattern.
I felt proud! I had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and indispensable (不可缺少的) to mankind than “just another mother.”
Motherhood…What a glorious career! Especially when there’s a title on the door.
1. What can we infer from the conversation between the woman and the recorder at the beginning of the passage?
A. Motherhood was not recognized and respected as a job by society.
B. The recorder was impatient and rude.
C. The author was upset about the situation that mothers faced.
D. The woman felt ashamed to admit what her job was.
2. How did the female clerk feel at first when the author told her occupation?
A. curious
B. indifferent
C. interested
D. puzzled
3. Why did the woman clerk show more respect for the author?
A. Because the author cared little about rewards.
B. Because she admired the author’s research work in the lab.
C. Because the writer did something she had little knowledge of.
D. Because she thought the author did admirable work.
4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To show how you describe your job affects your feelings toward it.
B. To show that the author had a grander job than Emily.
C. To argue that motherhood is a worthy career and deserves respect.
D. To show that being a mother is hard and boring work.
【参考答案】1—4、ADDC
【2017界广东省增城市调研试题
Nowadays, there is a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. Cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. And the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.
These pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as mixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. Natalie Mahowald, a climate researcher at Cornell University, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do while they're actually in the air.
"There are so many different kinds of aerosols," she says. "Some warm and some cool. But in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part."
The aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. But it turns out that's not all they do. These aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of the air by plants on land and in the sea.
"They can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land," Mahowald says. "But also while they're in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. So there are quite a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other."
Mahowald's results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. Hard numbers on this effect are highly uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.
And studying it is not easy because the effects aren't well understood. For example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form.
Right now it seems like we're much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. So scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.
36. From Paragraph 2, we know that
.
A. scientists have been aware of how aerosols work
B. Natalie Mahowald is an expert in climate
C. cleaning up the air is so popular
D. pollutants are under control so far
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at Cornell University可知Natalie MahowaldB。
37. What is Natalie Mahowald's opinion on those aerosols?
A. Aerosols can influence each other in various ways.
B. All the aerosols will cool the earth.
C. Aerosols can add nutrients to human beings.
D. Any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Some warm and some cool得知，BD选项错误, 与Some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知C也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each other气溶粒A。
38. Why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage?
A. Scientists have a chance to research them.B. They can bring scientists much more benefit.
C. Scientists can protect the earth from being polluted
D. They can help scientists understand the effects better.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系39. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Scientists will be in a dilemma.
B. The experiment will be successful.
C. Scientists will carry out the experiment.
D. Scientists have difficulty in the experiment.
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故A最合适。而D选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。
40. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Pollutants in the Air.
B. The Experiment on the Planet
C. The Reason for Global Warming
D. The Influence of Aerosols
【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。全文以Aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故D正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒
阅读理解
IQUIQUE, Chile (Reuters) — Rescue workers at the San Jose gold and copper mine in northern Chile had reason to sing this week. A small hole drilled into the earth became a passage to freedom for 33 trapped miners, who spent 69 days underground. “Never have people been trapped for so long so deeply,” says a doctor at NASA, the American space agency, which helped in the rescue.
But the chief medical officer for the miners said most are in good enough health to leave the hospital within a day or so. The first three recovered and went home Thursday night.
For much of the day the miners relaxed with Chilean President Sebastian Pinera. The 32 Chileans and 1 Bolivian still wore special sunglasses to protect their eyes.
A partial mine collapse on 5th August trapped them more than half a kilometer underground. They had to stretch a two-day food supply. For two weeks no one knew if they were alive or dead. Later, they received supplies.
The first miner rescued on Wednesday was Florencio Avalos. The second was Mario Sepulveda, who talked about how the experience tested his faith. The last miner up was Luis Urzua, who was the shift leader when his crew became trapped.
Rescuers used a metal cage to pull the miners to safety in less than 24 hours — faster than expected. The rescue capsule was a half-meter wide and known as the Phoenix, an imaginary bird from ancient stories. It bursts into flames but is continually reborn and rises from the ashes.
Chile’s Navy built the capsule with advice from mining experts and NASA engineers. It worked like an elevator, traveling up and down on a cable through a shaft（竖井）drilled 622 meters into the rocks.
Millions of people around the world watched the rescue. More than one thousand journalists traveled to the mine in the Atacama Desert to report on the rescue. They joined family members of the miners and rescue crews housed in an area of tents known as Camp Hope.
5. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Rescued miners speak out
B. A rebirth for 33 rescued miners in Chile
C. Miners’ life deep underground
D. Chilean president honors rescued miners
6. How many rescued miners are still in hospital?
A. 3.
B. 33.
C. 30.
D. 69.
7. A. It was a wooden cage like a capsule.
B. It was named after a real Chilean bird.
C. It worked efficiently in the rescue.
D. It was built by NASA engineers.
8. The rescue is great for the reason that ______.
A. it lasted so long and the miners were trapped so deep
B. the American space agency took part
C. Chilean President was on the rescuing spot
D. 33 trapped miners were saved
【参考答案】5—8、BCCA