Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．nowadays /naʊəˌdeIz/ adv.目前；现在
2．software /sɒftweə/ n．软件
3．purchase /pɜːtʃəs/ n．/vt.购买
4．widespread /waIdspred/ adj.分布广的；普遍的
5．range /reInd/ n．范围；射程
6．specialist /speʃəlIst/ adj.专门的，专用的，特设的；n.专家→special adj.专门的；特别的→specially adv.专门地；特别地
7．benefit /benIfIt/ n．益处；vt./vi.有益于→beneficial adj.有益的
8．disadvantage /ˌdIsədvɑːntIdʒ/ n．不利(条件)；损害→advantage n．有利条件；优势
9．expand /Ikspænd/ vi./vt.使变大；扩大；变大→expansion n．膨胀；扩张；扩大
.重点短语识记
1．be linked to与……相连接
2．queue with sb.与某人一起排队
3．in many respects在许多方面
4.come up with提出；想出；提供；追及；赶上
5．open up打开；打通；开展；展开
6．bid against抬高竞买
7.put up把……拿出来出售(或拍卖，竞争等); 提供
8．by much大大地；到极大程度
.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Internet shopping，also called online shopping，is a new way to shop.
互联网购物，也被称为网上购物，是一种新的购物方式。
2．Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular.
网上购物越来越受欢迎。
3．To find something on the Internet，people often use powerful computer tools called “search engines”．
为了在因特网上找到某种东西，人们经常使用叫做“搜索引擎”的有效电脑工具。
4．It promises to change the way we buy all kinds of things—from tonight’s dinner to a new car.
从预定晚餐到预定新车——网络购物将改变我们的购物方式。
1．It is generally believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.(disadvantage)
2．The small firm has expanded into a big company.(expand)
3．The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade.(range)
4．Several companies are bidding for the contract to build the bridge.(bid)
5．She made several purchases in the dress shop.(purchase)
6．There is increasing difficulty in finding trained staff.(increasingly)
7．Instantly I saw her I recalled her name.(instant)
1
opportunity既可作抽象名词，也可作类名词。opportunity后可接不定式，也可接of、for和动名词。take the opportunity to do sth.抓住机会做某事I’m pleased to have the opportunity to visit your country.我很高兴有机会访问你们国家。
We are willing to take this opportunity to promote the cooperation.
我们愿意抓住这次机会促进合作。
词义辨析 chance，opportunity，occasion
这些名词均含“机会”之意。
(1)chance侧重指偶然或意外的机会，有时也指正常或好的机会。
(2)opportunity侧重指有利或适合于采取行动，以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。
(3)occasion指特殊时机或良机，也指时节。
夯实基础
(1)用chance，opportunity，occasion填空
He has few occasions to speak English.
②The chances are ten to one that we will win.
③It’s an opportunity in a million，and we shouldn’t waste it.
(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空
I shall be glad to have opportunity to see(see)the city.
②I shall be glad to have opportunity of seeing (see)the city.
③He took the first opportunity to question(question)his wife about it.
ahead of time提前
ahead of one’s time超越某人那个时代
go ahead前进；着手；进行；去做吧；开始吧
get ahead成功；出人头地
If so，you are ahead of the game.
如果是的话，你已经领先这个游戏。
夯实基础
翻译句子
(1)我们前面有一条河。(用倒装句)
Ahead of us lies a river.
(2)他在班上总是遥遥领先。
He is always well ahead of the rest of the class.
3
in an instant立刻，马上
at that instant当时，那一刻
for an instant片刻，一会儿
instantly/the instant (that)一……就……(用作连词，引导时间状语从句)
I need an instant reply.我需要立即的答复。
She recognized me instantly she caught a glimpse of me.她一看见我就把我认出来了。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
Instantly I saw him，I knew he was the man the police were looking for.(用no sooner...than改为倒装句)
No sooner had I seen him than I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
(2)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read the letter(她一读到那封信)．
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Danial stayed up late these days and he wanted to finish the task
time.
A．ahead of
B．instead of
C．in spite of
D．as a result of
答案 A
解析 ahead of time提前。
2．I’d like to take this opportunity
everyone for their hard work
the project.
A．to thank，on
B．to thank，in
C．thanking，on
D．to thanking，in
答案 A
解析 take opportunity to do sth.为固定用法；名词work后常用介词on。
3．You see the lightning
it happens，but you hear the thunder later.
A．the instant
B．for an instant
C．on the instant
D．in an instant
答案 A
解析 句意为：闪电一发生你就能看见闪光，但过一会儿才听到雷声。the instant一……就……，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。for an instant一瞬间；in an instant很快，马上。
4．At the news conference，the spokesman said，“Keeping the meat price under control is within the
of the government’s responsibility.”
A．field
B．limit
C．extent
D．range
答案 D
解析 within the range of在……范围之内。
.汉译英
你已经比进度表提前了。(ahead)
You are already ahead of schedule.
1．Michael has come up with a detailed plan to help his brother escape from the prison.
2．They are putting up several new buildings in that block.
3．They chose their rooms and paid for everything online.
4．The box itself opens up into a sort of blackboard.
5．He who follows two hares is sure to catch neither.
put away把……收起来，放好；储存
put back放回原处；耽搁
put down放下；写下，记下；镇压
put forward提出(意见、建议等)
put up with忍受，忍耐
put on穿上；上演
put out熄灭
put through接通(电话)
put off推迟；延期
In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain.
在第一幅图中，一个男子试图把一面横幅标语挂在一棵被树桩包围的树上，但没有成功。(2017·江苏·书面表达)
夯实基础
写出下列句子中put up的汉语意思
(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴
(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高
(3)I was soaked before I could put my umbrella up.举起
(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿
(5)It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出
(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It is not enough only
the rules of grammar if you want to learn English well.
A．keeping in mind
B．to keep in mind
C．to keep in your mind
D．keeping in your mind
答案 B
解析 keep sth.in mind为固定短语，意为“记住，记在心里”。only to keep in mind为动词不定式作主语，it为形式主语。
2．The world is changing rapidly and sometimes we find it almost impossible to
the advances in science and technology.
A．keep up with
B．come up with
C．put up with
D．keep in touch with
答案 A
解析 句意为：世界发展这么快，有时我们感觉跟上先进的科技是不可能的。keep up with赶上，不落后。
3．He must have
half a bottle of whisky last night.
A．put down
B．put out
C．put away
D．put back
答案 C
解析 put down记下；put out拿出；put back耽搁；put away喝完。句意为：他昨晚一定喝完了半瓶威士忌。因此C项正确。
.汉译英
包括教学楼、实验楼和图书馆在内的许多大楼已经建起来了。(put up)(2011·福建·书面表达)
Tall buildings have been put up，including classrooms，laboratory buildings，and a library.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)If anything had happened(happen)，he would have
let her know.
(2)If I had left(leave) sooner，I would have been on time.
(3)If I had worked harder at school，I would have got(get) a better job.
(4)If they had asked me，I would have had to(have to) speak.
(5)If I had seen(see) you, I’d have said hello.
To find something on the Internet，people often use powerful computer tools called “search engines”.为了在因特网上找到某种东西，人们经常使用叫做“搜索引擎”的有效电脑工具。
动词不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语。动词不定式作结果状语常表示一种意外结果。多用only to，too...to...，so...as to，enough to来表达。
To water his flowers，he used two buckets.
为了浇花，他使用了两个水桶。
He returned home to find his friend waiting for him.
他回到家里，发现他的朋友正在等他。
夯实基础
(1)Why don’t we choose that road to save time (来节省时间)?
(2)There was so much noise at the party，I had to struggle to be heard(被听到)．
(3)With Teacher’s Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of bank to buy presents (买礼物) for my teachers.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It is a great honour for me
to make a speech here.
A．to ask
B．asking
C．to be asked
D．having asked
答案 C
解析 由于me和ask之间为动宾关系，故用被动形式。
2．According to the literary review, Shakespeare
his characters live through their language in his plays.
A．will make
B．had made
C．was making
D．makes
答案 D
解析 make his characters live使他的人物生动。因为题干是在陈述一个客观事实，所以用一般现在时。
3．—I helped Jack wash his clothes last Sunday.
—I’d rather you
him.You know, he should learn to look after himself.
A．didn’t help
B．haven’t helped
C．hadn’t helped D．wouldn’t help
答案 C
解析 would rather后的句子要用虚拟语气，跟过去的情况相反，要用过去完成时。
4．They must have enjoyed themselves there，otherwise they
so long.
A．can’t have stayed
B．wouldn’t have stayed
C．can’t stay
D．wouldn’t stay
答案 B
解析 由“must have enjoyed”可知otherwise后的情况是与过去事实相反的，故谓语动词应用would have done。
.汉译英
为了让你能更多地了解我们的传统风俗和文化，我们将准备饺子和面条作为主食。(不定式作目的状语)(2011·浙江·书面表达)
To let you know more about our traditional customs and culture，we will prepare dumplings and noodles as main food.
1．Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can
almost every word her teacher says.(2017·新课标全国，27)
A．put out
B．put down
C．put away
D．put together
答案 B
解析 put out熄灭；put down写下，记下；put away放好，储存；put together组合，放在一起。句意为：玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每句话。故选B项。
2．Had they known what was coming next, they
second thoughts.(2017·浙江，19)
A．may have
B．could have
C．must have had
D．might have had
答案 D
解析 本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：If they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thoughts。根据had known提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用would/might＋have done，故选D项。
3．—I probably shouldn’t have any more cake.
—Oh，
.It won’t kill you.(2011·辽宁，35)
A．go ahead
B．hold on，please
C．you’re welcome
D．that’ll do
答案 A
解析 句意为：——我或许不应该再吃蛋糕了。——噢，吃吧。吃点儿蛋糕对你来说算不了什么。根据句意，此处是鼓励对方吃点儿蛋糕，所以选go ahead(吃吧；做吧；说吧；干吧)。
4．The exam results will be
on Friday afternoon.(2011·辽宁，26)
A．put down
B．put off
C．put up
D．put away
答案 C
解析 句意为：这次考试结果将在星期五下午张贴公布。put up举起，抬起，建立，竖起，张贴，投宿，留宿；put down放下，平定，镇压，取缔，记下，写下；put off延期，推迟，拖延；put away收起来，放好，储存，关押。根据句意选C项。
5．There were many talented actors out there just waiting
.(2010·江西，32)
A．to discover
B．to be discovered
C．discovered
D．being discovered
答案 B
解析 句意为：在外面有许多有才华的演员等着被发现。to be discovered为不定式短语作目的状语。discover与其逻辑主语actors之间为动宾关系，且discover动作是将要发生，故用动词不定式的被动式。
.单项填空
1．Qingdao is
most beautiful coastal city and I think I’ll go there for
second time.
A．a；a
B．the；a
C．the；the
D．the；a
答案 A
解析 最高级前面可以用a也可以用the，用a表示“非常”的意思，用the表示比较；序数词前用the表示顺序，用a表示“又一，再一”。句意为：青岛是一个非常美丽的海滨城市，我想我会再去那儿一次。
2．—So you are not spending your holiday in Wuhan this year.
—No，
.
A．everywhere in Wuhan
B．somewhere in Wuhan
C．somewhere but in Wuhan
D．anywhere but in Wuhan
答案 D
解析 anywhere but in Wuhan 绝对不在武汉，符合语境。
3．We Chinese can work wonders，that is，we can make
.
A．impossible possible
B．the impossible possible
C．impossibly possible
D．the impossible possibly
答案 B
解析 the impossible表示“不可能的事”；possible是形容词作宾补。
4．Although he is often tired
his work，he is never tired
his job.In fact，he enjoys it.
A．of；with
B．with；from
C．with；of
D．at；with
答案 C
解析 be tired with...因……而疲劳；be tired of...厌烦。
5．The way she thought of
money was to sell her hair.
A．got
B．getting
C．to get
D．get
答案 C
解析 不定式作目的状语。thought of的宾语是the way。本题容易受思维定势影响选B项，认为是think of后面直接接doing。
6．Only when
possible to settle the problem.
A．does the chief editor come will it be
B．the chief editor comes will it be
C．has the chief editor come it will be
D．the chief editor comes it will be
答案 B
解析 only修饰状语从句位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，从句用正常语序。
7．—Was it there
you were away to answer the phone?
—There is no doubt about it.
A．that
B．which
C．while
D．where
答案 C
解析 while意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。
8．I would appreciate
if you could deliver them as soon as possible.
A．that
B．it
C．this
D．you
答案 B
解析 句意为：如果你能尽早地送来这批货物的话，我将不胜感激。it作appreciate的形式宾语，故选B项。
9．My cellphone looked quite similar to Alice’s，but it cost
hers.
A．as much more than twice as
B．more than twice as much as
C．more than twice as more as
D．more than twice so much as
答案 B
解析 考查倍数表达法。结构形式为：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as。B项中的more than修饰twice。句意为：我的手机和艾丽丝的看起来很相似，但花费却是她的两倍多。
10．Having an English class，
.
A．we heard someone knock at the door
B．someone knocked at the door
C．we heard someone knocked at the door
D．the door was opened
答案 A
解析 非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子的主语相同，所以句子主语用we，故排除B、D项；someone与knock是主动关系，且表示动作的过程，应用不定式作补语。hear后作补语的不定式省略to。
.阅读理解
Lifechanging disaster awaits the drunken driver.And he is proof.
At just 18 years of age，he could be a classmate or a friend，and that familiarity adds to the power of his words.He has spoken to more than 2,500 high school students so far，and he has noticed their unusual silence.
“A lot of teachers say，‘Don’t drink，’but I’m not going to say that，because I know that students are going to do it，” Nepola says.“I just say，‘Don’t get in a car.’”
One year ago，Nepola，having been with friends drinking，lost control of his car and was thrown into trees 20 feet away.He was found covered in blood，with many bones broken.
At Hackensack University Medical Center，his skull(头骨) was opened to reduce pressure on his brain.He was diagnosed with traumatic(创伤性) brain injury and remained in an unconscious state and on life support for nearly three weeks.
At Children’s Specialized Hospital in New Brunswick，N.J. physical therapist(治疗专家) Erin Leahy initially found Nepola unable to move the right side of his body.But by the end of his sixweek stay，he was able to walk out of the building.Leahy called that an inspiration and a surprise.
But Nepola’s recovery is incomplete.Brain and muscular therapy has helped him regain movement in his right arm，but he still struggles with his right hand.
In the process of recovery，Nepola has thought deeply about what happened and why，and decided to share his story.Encouraged by his doctor，Sanjeev Kaul，he teamed with Gonzalez and began attending meetings in April.
He said he was nervous at first，but has grown used to the spotlight.And his recovery and visible injury help him draw serious attention from students.
Besides，“I’m not a wall，”he said.“I feel like I know how to talk to people.”
Drunk driving，he tells students，is like playing Russian roulette(俄罗斯轮盘赌博)：“You might do it a bunch of times，but something is going to happen.”
Now，his days are all about the therapy，work and going to the gym.Mentally，he says，“I’m a lot happier in my life.”
1．The main purpose of the text is to
.
A．warn students about the danger of drinking
B．tell readers the danger of driving a car
C．advise people not to drive a car after drinking
D．show readers Nepola’s recovery experience
答案 C
解析 写作目的题。文章第一段提到导致生活变化的灾难正等待着那些醉酒驾车的司机。而他正是个典型。接着讲到了醉酒驾车让Nepola付出的代价和他对于同龄人的劝诫。
2．As an 18yearold boy，Nepola’s story is powerful because
.
A．his family and relatives supported him
B．he is just like one of our classmates or friends
C．his classmates and friends never gave him up
D．his classmates and friends are familiar with him
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“At just 18 years of age，he could be a classmate or a friend，and that familiarity adds to the power of his words.”可知答案。
3．After the accident，Nepola came to
.
A．make a full recovery
B．recover at a magical speed
C．be eager for more adventure
D．enjoy life more despite his accident
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后四段可知，Nepola逐渐恢复，并有勇气面对他人，给出劝诫。尤其是最后一段中的“‘I’m a lot happier in my life.’”可以看出，他能更好地去享受生活。
4．It can be learnt from the text that Nepola
.
A．believes his accident was the result of bad luck
B．thinks that students shouldn’t get drunk
C．hasn’t completely recovered from the injury
D．still doesn’t care about his future or college
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第七段内容“But Nepola’s recovery is incomplete...with his right hand.”可知答案。
文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析
1．One year ago, Nepola, having been with friends drinking, lost control of his car and was thrown into trees 20 feet away.(Paragraph 4)
句式分析：分词短语having been with friends drinking在句中作时间状语，drinking作伴随状语，句子的谓语动词为lost和was thrown。
自主翻译：一年前，Nepola和朋友喝完酒后，开车失去控制，他被甩到了20英尺远的树林里。
2．In the process of recovery, Nepola has thought deeply about what happened and why, and decided to share his story.(Paragraph 8)
句式分析：从句what happened and why在句中作介词about的宾语，why＝why it happened。
自主翻译：在恢复的过程中，Nepola对所发生的事和发生的原因作了深入的思考，并决定把他的故事和大家分享。
.写作二假设你们班最近就科学家是否应该克隆人展开了辩论，请根据下面提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文，说明这次辩论的情况并表明你的态度。
赞成(20%)：(1)有利于促进科学领域取得突破；
(2)克隆智力过人的伟大科学家，人类将拥有更多有非凡贡献的人。
反对(80%)：(1)违背社会公德；
(2)克隆人没有父母，无法像正常人一样生活。
你的态度：……
注意：(1)词数不少于80；
(2)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently our class has had a debate on whether scientists should clone human beings or not.The results of this debate are as follows：
参考范文
Recently our class has had a debate on whether scientists should clone human beings or not.The results of this debate are as follows：
There are 20% of the students who support the idea.In their opinions，it can make great breakthroughs in the scientific fields.If we clone many great scientists，they will make more contributions to the world.However，there are 80% of the students who are not for the idea.Firstly，it is against the social morality.Secondly，the cloned have no parents，and can’t lead a normal life as common people do.
As far as I am concerned，there will be too many dangers if we don’t control this manner.
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