2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 1《Friends and Friendship》（重大版必修3）

　　Ⅰ.重点单词识记

　　1．enlarge /Inlɑːdʒ/ vt.扩大

　　2．offer /fə(r)/ vt.提供；提出；n.提供；提议，提出之物

　　3．culture /kʌltʃə(r)/ n．文化

　　4._casual /kæʒʊəl/ adj.感情不深的；疏远的

　　5．distant /dIstənt/ adj.冷漠的；不友好的

　　6．greeting /riːtIŋ/ n．问候

　　7．overlook /ˌəvə′lʊk/ vt.忽略；俯瞰

　　8．tolerate /tɒləreIt/ vt.忍受；承受

　　9．honour /nə/ vt.尊敬；给……以荣誉

　　10．approach /əprəʊtʃ/ vt.接近；靠近

　　11．salary /sælərI/ n．薪水；工资

　　12．ease /iːz/ vt./vi.减轻

　　13．risk /rIsk/ vt.使……面临危险；冒险

　　14．attack /ətæk/ n．发作；侵袭；伤害；攻击

　　15．wrap /ræp/ vt./vi.包裹，缠绕

　　16．friend /frend/ n．朋友→friendly adj.友好的→friendship n．友谊

　　17.interest /′Intrəst/ n．兴趣，利益→interesting adj.有趣的；有意思的→interested adj.感兴趣的

　　18．situate /sItʃʊeIt/ vt.使位于……；使处于……→situation n．情况；情形

　　19．delight /dIlaIt/ vt.使高兴；n.高兴→delighted adj.高兴的→delightful adj.令人高兴的；使人快乐的

　　20．sinkable /sIŋkəbl/ adj.会沉没的→sink vi.下沉；沉没

　　21．embarrass /Imbærəs/ vt.使尴尬；使难为情→embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难为情的→embarrassing adj.使人难为情的

　　22．imagine /ImædʒIn/ vt./vi.想像→imagination n．想像

　　23．cautious /kɔːʃəs/ adj.小心的；谨慎的→caution n．小心；谨慎

　　24．suffer /sʌfə(r)/ vt./vi.受苦；吃苦头；感到疼痛、悲伤等→suffering n．痛苦；苦恼；折磨

　　25．pain /peIn/ n．痛苦；苦恼；折磨→painful adj.痛苦的

　　26．disappoint /ˌdIsəpɔInt/ vt.使失望；使沮丧→disappointment n．失望；沮丧→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的

　　.重点短语识记

　　1．at_first首先

　　2．be_interested_in_doing_sth.对于……感兴趣

　　3．in_a_very_general_way一般地；宽泛地

　　4．base_on/upon建于……之上

　　5.out_of从……中

　　6．fade_away逐渐消失

　　7．for_a_while一会儿

　　8．by_chance偶然地

　　9．pick_up重新开始；继续

　　10．leave_off_停止

　　11．be_delighted_in/delight_in为(某事而)高兴

　　12．in_a/the_blink_of_an_eye一眨眼工夫

　　13.bark_at指狗、狼等的吠叫

　　14．die_of死于……

　　15．suffer_from_遭受；受苦

　　.经典原句默写与背诵

　　1．He doesn’t understand the_way_Americans_view_friendship.

　　他不明白美国人看待友谊的方式。

　　2．In the United States，as_situations_change，friendships may fade away in a short time.

　　在美国，随着情况的变化，友谊在很短的时间内可能会淡去。

　　3．If the same two persons meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship where_it_left_off_and_are_delighted.

　　如果两个人又偶然相遇，哪怕是在数年以后，他们中断的友谊仍可以重新开始，而且两人都会为此感到极为高兴。

　　1．Teachers have no tolerance for any cheating on exams.(tolerate)

　　2．The Internet is viewed by many as a revolutionary education tool.(view)

　　3．He risked being late for the interview to send the old man to hospital.(risk)

　　4．Everything is within walking distance.(distant)

　　5．Carrie’s fourteen now，and all she’s interested in is clothes.(interest)

　　6．How has this situation come about？(situate)

　　offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.主动把某物提供给某人

　　offer sb.sth.for some money 索价卖某物给某人

　　offer to do sth.主动提出做某事

　　make an offer to do sth.主动提出做某事

　　We offered her the house for $700 yesterday.

　　昨天我们以700美元卖给了她那所房子。

　　My uncle has offered to pick us up.

　　我叔叔主动开车来接我们。

　　词义辨析　provide，supply，offer

　　provide指事先准备好必需品来供应。

　　supply指补给不足的人员、物资等，尤指大量供应、供给等。

　　offer指(主动)向某人提供某物。

　　用法如下：

　　为某人提供某物

　　夯实基础

　　用provide，supply，offer的适当形式填空

　　He offered her some useful advice and，in return，she provided/supplied him with a good meal.

　　2

　　distance n．距离；间距；遥远

　　at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远

　　in a distance在远处

　　from a distance从远处

　　keep sb.at a distance对某人冷淡，与某人疏远

　　within walking distance在步行可及的地方

　　Bob’s face shows a light and distant smile.

　　鲍勃的脸上挂着淡淡的、冷漠的微笑。

　　My parents live within walking distance of me.

　　我父母住在我家附近。

　　夯实基础

　　用适当的介词填空

　　(1)I saw some smoke in the distance.

　　(2)It’s better for you to keep him at a distance.

　　3

　　at (one’s) ease轻松；安逸；自由自在

　　with ease容易地

　　put sb.at (one’s) ease使某人自在；使某人舒适

　　Anne is intelligent and capable of passing her exams with ease.

　　安妮很聪明，能够轻松通过考试。

　　I gave him some brandy to ease the pain.

　　我给他喝了些白兰地以减轻疼痛。

　　夯实基础

　　用含有ease的短语填空

　　(1)We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.

　　(2)To feel at_ease，try closing your eyes，then opening them slowly just before the photo is taken.

　　4

　　risk sth./doing sth.冒着……的危险

　　at risk处于危险之中

　　at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒着……的风险

　　take/run the risk of doing sth.冒着……的危险做某事

　　take a risk/risks to do sth.冒险做某事

　　Tom risked losing his job to help you out of the trouble.

　　汤姆冒着失去工作的危险去帮助你摆脱困境。

　　At the risk of showing my ignorance，how exactly does the Internet work?

　　也许我难免显得无知，可互联网到底是怎样工作的呢？

　　夯实基础

　　(1)I wouldn’t run/take_the_risk_of(冒着……的危险) being late for work.

　　(2)He saved the child at_the_risk_of_his_life(冒着生命危险)．

　　5suffer v.因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等受苦，受难，受折磨to be badly affected；遭受，经受experience；得……病

　　suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难

　　suffer from受……折磨；患……病

　　suffering n．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事

　　On the other hand，they also suffer from less respect and lower pay，working all day on the street no matter whether it shines strongly or snows，winds heavily.

　　另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。(2017· 广东·读写任务)

　　特别提醒

　　suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。

　　夯实基础

　　用suffer的适当形式填空

　　(1)After the flooding，people were_suffering in that area，who urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.

　　(2)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ________ of 60 miles.

　　A．length

　　B．distance

　　C．way

　　D．space

　　答案　B

　　解析　“a distance of＋数字”表示“……的距离”。

　　2．Jane’s always nervous when she has to make a speech；she must accustom herself to be ________ when she is with people.

　　A．at ease

　　B．in disguise

　　C．at risk

　　D．in relief

　　答案　A

　　解析　at ease轻松，安逸，符合上下文语境。

　　3．—It is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students.

　　—Oh，today we are still ________ from heavy school work，________ at preparing us for the entrance examinations.

　　A．suffering；aimed

　　B．suffered；aimed

　　C．suffered；aiming

　　D．suffering；aiming

　　答案　D

　　解析　sb.be suffering from sth.某人正遭受……；aiming at...作伴随状语，意为“目的在于……”。

　　4．It is said that the mountain is more beautiful ________.

　　A．in the distance

　　B．in a distance

　　C．at the distance

　　D．within a distance

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：据说此山在远处看会更美丽。in the distance意为“在远处”，符合题意。at a distance意为“隔开一定距离，不接触”。

　　5．Tom rescued the child at the ________ of his own life.

　　A．danger

　　B．expense

　　C．risk

　　D．cost

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：汤姆冒着自己的生命危险救了那个孩子。at the risk of冒着……的危险，为固定短语。

　　.汉译英

　　1．我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(suffer)(2017·江苏·书面表达)

　　Our_earth_is_suffering_severe_damage.

　　2．总之，我们应该向需要的人提供帮助和爱心。(offer)(2011·湖南·写作)

　　In_a_word，we_should_offer_our_help_and_love_to_the_persons_in_need.

　　1．The old woman died_of grief after her son’s death.

　　2．Buses can pick_up and drop off people at bus stops.

　　3．With our knowledge based_on practice，we can make great contributions to our society.

　　4．They left_off sweaters when the weather got warm.

　　5．Many areas along the river often suffer_from floods in summer.

　　1be based on/upon以……为根据(基础)

　　base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据

　　basis n．原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础

　　on the basis of在……基础上

　　basic adj.基础的；基本的

　　Actually，teaching is an art based on science.

　　事实上，教学是一门建立在科学基础上的艺术。

　　One should always base his opinion on facts.

　　人们应该总是把观点建立在事实的基础上。

　　夯实基础

　　用base的适当形式填空

　　(1)You’ll be able to choose a room based on your personal tastes.

　　(2)We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.

　　(3)Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.

　　2

　　leave aside不予考虑；搁置一边

　　leave behind遗忘；将……抛在后面

　　leave out省去；遗漏；不考虑

　　be/feel left out被冷落；觉得被忽视/冷落

　　be left over剩下；残留

　　He left off playing the piano to answer the door.

　　他停止弹钢琴前去开门。

　　夯实基础

　　用适当的介、副词填空

　　(1)Leaving the expense aside，do you actually need a second car?

　　(2)I think I left my credit card behind at the restaurant.

　　(3)Let’s start again from where we left off.

　　(4)He hadn’t been asked to the party and was feeling very left out.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．—What are you mailing，Ryan?

　　—A textbook ________ a new method of teaching physics.I want my friends to take a look at it.

　　A．is based on

　　B．based on

　　C．basing upon

　　D．which based upon

　　答案　B

　　解析　形容词短语based on a new method...作后置定语修饰a textbook。将D 项改为which is based upon也对。

　　2．—Here is a photo of my family taken 10 years ago.Can you ________ my brother?

　　—The boy in yellow，I guess.

　　A．pick up

　　B．pick out

　　C．take in

　　D．take up

　　答案　B

　　解析　问句第二句句意为：你能辨认出我弟弟吗？pick out辨认出。

　　3．The teacher stressed again that the students should not________any important details while retelling the story.

　　A．bring out

　　B．let out

　　C．leave out

　　D．make out

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：老师进一步强调让学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。bring out阐述，使明白；let out发出，泄露(秘密等)；leave out遗漏；make out理解，辨认出。

　　.汉译英

　　我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。(pick up)

　　We_drove_to_the_airport_the_next_morning_to_pick_up_Susan.

　　用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　(1)Don’t leave him waiting(wait) outside in the rain.

　　(2)The fans waited for hours，hoping(hope) to see the movie star.

　　(3)Although working(work) from morning till night，his father didn’t get enough money for the house loan.

　　(4)I just had to stand there，being_stared(stare) at by all those people.

　　(5)The road joining(join) the two villages is very wide.

　　1

　　We were a little worried that Sam would feel jealous to have his territory invaded，but we decided to risk it and agreed to take a kitten.我们有点担心山姆会因为领地受到侵犯而嫉妒，不过，我们还是决定冒险，同意了养一只小猫。

　　have sth.done中过去分词作宾补，表示被动的含义，有时也可用get sth.done来替换，该结构的意思是“使某事被做”，有时翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”。have sb.do sth.让某人做某事

　　have sb./sth.doing...让某人一直做某事(某事处于某种状态)，用于否定句，have表示“容忍、容许”之意。

　　have sth.to do...有事要做，have意为“有”。 You’d better have your car running slowly.

　　你最好把车子开慢点。

　　I usually have my clothes washed on Sundays，but I don’t wash my clothes myself.

　　我通常在星期天洗衣服，但不是自己洗。

　　夯实基础

　　用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　(1)I won’t have you talking(talk) to your mother like that.

　　(2)You can have money directly deposited(deposit) into your account.

　　2 She was very active and raced around as if she were running after imaginary mice...

　　她非常活跃，跑来跑去，好像在追逐想像中的老鼠……

　　(1)as if/though可引导表语从句和方式状语从句。若从句描述的情形和实际相反，从句要用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；与将来事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could do。

　　(2)如果从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。

　　(3)as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。

　　He acted as if he had nothing to learn.

　　他表现得好像没有东西可学一样。

　　It looked as if it had been spray­painted.

　　它看起来好像是喷过漆的。

　　夯实基础

　　用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　(1)The patient opened his mouth as if to_say(say) something.

　　(2)He talks about Hong Kong as if he had_been(be) there before.

　　(3)Jackie looks after his younger sister as if he were(be) an adult.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．The director had her assistant ________ some hot dogs for the meeting.

　　A．picked up

　　B．picks up

　　C．pick up

　　D．picking up

　　答案　C

　　解析　have sb.do sth.叫某人做某事。句意为：主任叫她的助手顺便为会议买了些热狗。

　　2．It looks ________ you are ill.You should go to see the doctor.

　　A．as

　　B．as though

　　C．which

　　D．whether

　　答案　B

　　解析　It looks as if/though...为固定句型，表示“看起来似乎……”，故选B项。

　　3．________at my classmates’ faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.

　　A．Looking

　　B．Look

　　C．To look

　　D．Looked

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：看着我的同学们的脸庞，我读懂了他们眼中同样的兴奋。look与句子的主语I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。

　　.汉译英

　　随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举办一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的日子。(as)(2017·陕西·书面表达)

　　As_Teachers’_Day_was_approaching，our_class_decided_to_hold_a_party_to_celebrate_the_important_day.

　　1．I got to the office earlier that day，________the 730 train from Paddington.

　　(2017·大纲全国，25)

　　A．caught

　　B．to have caught

　　C．to catch

　　D．having caught

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：早晨730从帕丁顿乘火车，那天我很早就到达了办公室。此处为现在分词短语作原因状语，因为catch这一动作发生在谓语动词get之前，故用现在分词的完成式。

　　2．A good listener takes part in the conversation，________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.(2017·浙江，12)

　　A．realizing

　　B．copying

　　C．offering

　　D．misunderstanding

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：一个好的倾听者参与进对话中时，要出主意、提问题，使得谈话流畅进行。offer ideas出主意，出点子。realize意识到，实现；copy复制； misunderstand误解，均不符合句意要求。故正确选项为C项。

　　3．It’s surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.(2017·四川，20)

　　A．picked up

　　B．looked up

　　C．put up

　　D．made up

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查动词短语辨析。pick up(无意之间、偶然地)学会；look up(在书籍中)查找；put up张贴，搭建；make up构成，编造。句意为：令人惊奇的是，你的弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A。

　　4．Don’t handle the vase as if it ________ made of steel.(2017·北京，35)

　　A．is

　　B．were

　　C．has been

　　D．had been

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由Don’t handle...可知此处应为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故B项正确。

　　5．—Can I help you with it?

　　—I appreciate your________， but I can manage it myself.(2017·江苏，21)

　　A．advice

　　B．question

　　C．offer

　　D．idea

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你主动提供帮助，但我自己能完成。offer出价，(主动提供)帮助，符合题意。advice建议，劝告；question问题；idea想法，主意。

　　6．I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term.(2010·山东，23)

　　A．completing

　　B．to complete

　　C．completed

　　D．being completed

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：本学期结束前，我有大量的阅读(任务)要完成。have sth.to do是英语中一个基本结构，意为“有某事要做”，to do作定语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。

　　.单项填空

　　1．________ New York Times，an elite(精华) newspaper of America，should have reported the whisper as ________ breaking news.

　　A．The；a

　　B．The；the

　　C．不填；a

　　D．The；不填

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查冠词。the New York Times 是专有名词，news 是不可数名词，故填零冠词。

　　2．In 1863，President Lincoln issued a declaration calling for the last Thursday of November ________ as a day of thanksgiving.

　　A．being observed

　　B．observed

　　C．observing

　　D．to be observed

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查非谓语。the last Thursday of November 与observe 之间是动宾关系，且动作未发生，所以用不定式的被动语态作宾补。

　　3．The US troops ________ out of Iraq by the end of next month and they were sent there 9 years ago.

　　A．have withdrawn

　　B．will withdraw

　　C．had withdrawn

　　D．will have withdrawn

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据by the end of next month 可知要用将来完成时，故选D。

　　4．—Did you forget about my birthday?

　　—________ I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening.(2011·大纲全国，6)

　　A．What then?

　　B．I’m afraid so.

　　C．How could I?

　　D．For sure.

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：——你忘记我的生日了吗？——我怎么能忘了呢？我已经在米歇尔的餐馆为今晚预订了一张桌子。What then？(下一步)怎么办？又怎么样呢？I’m afraid so.恐怕是这样的。How could I？我怎么能呢？For sure.肯定。

　　5．—You may make more mistakes if your paper is left ________.

　　—Thanks a lot.And would you give me some advice on how to polish it?

　　A．being unchecked

　　B．to be unchecked

　　C．to check

　　D．unchecked

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查非谓语动词。句意为：——你可能会犯更多的错误，如果你的文章不加检查的话。——非常感谢。你能给我一些如何修改它的建议吗？此处用过去分词unchecked 对your paper进行补充说明。

　　6．Try as you ________，he won’t listen to your advice on the potential dangers of smoking.

　　A．can

　　B．may

　　C．dare

　　D．will

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查情态动词的用法。在让步状语从句中，用may/might。句意为：尽管你尽力了，他还是不会听吸烟潜在危害的忠告的。

　　7．It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differently.(2009·福建，24)

　　A．that

　　B．when

　　C．which

　　D．where

　　答案　D

　　解析　当先行词为situation，case，stage，point等时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则定语从句的引导词为where。

　　8．The poor man stood there，with his hands ________，________ his eyes upon the dark cave.

　　A．crossed；fixing

　　B．crossing；fixing

　　C．crossed；fixed

　　D．crossing；fixed

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查with的复合结构。“with＋宾语＋宾补”是with的复合结构。本题中cross是hands的补足语，二者构成被动关系，用过去分词；fix的发出者是the poor man，二者构成主动关系，故选A项。

　　9．________with what he had done，the public thought highly of him.

　　A．Delight

　　B．Delighting

　　C．Delighted

　　D．Being delighting

　　答案　C

　　解析　be delighted with对……感到高兴。delighted为过去分词作状语。句意为：人们对他所做的事情感到高兴，并对他给予了高度评价。

　　10．The lady walked around the shops，________an eye out for bargains.(2010·江西，24)

　　A．keep

　　B．kept

　　C．keeping

　　D．to keep

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：这位女士在各家商店逛来逛去，时刻注意着廉价商品。keeping an eye out for bargains为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其逻辑主语为the lady。

　　.完形填空

　　It is always interesting to visit another country，especially for those who have never traveled abroad.Foreign __1__ can be educational for anyone __2__ he is interested enough to make preparations beforehand.Learning the language of a new country would be __3__ for the traveler，but the benefits of such an effort would become __4__ at once after his arrival.It may not seem __5__ to him when he comfortably stays at home，but knowing how to order a meal or rent a room is __6__ for the newcomer in a strange place.Without knowing the language，it is very difficult for the stranger to __7__ the people of the new city and their customs.Of course，in our small world，it is often possible to __8__ someone who understands our own language，__9__ this is only second­best for the traveler.

　　To be sure，he can see places and things without the __10__ of a language，but places and things are not the __11__ of any country.To get the greatest benefit from a trip to another country，it is __12__ important for the visitor to have an understanding of the language.

　　1． A.travel

　　B．country

　　C．language

　　D．people

　　答案　A

　　解析　由下文语境可知，去国外旅游对于之前就很感兴趣且做好准备的游客来说，是有教育意义的。根据第一句中的“visit another country”可知，这里说的是境外旅游。故答案为A项。

　　2． A.unless

　　B．if

　　C．although

　　D．since

　　答案　B

　　解析　如果一个人对出国旅游非常感兴趣并提前做好准备的话，那么出国游对他来说可能会有一定的教育意义。unless除非；although虽然；since自从，均不符合语境。故答案为B项。

　　3． A.usual

　　B．easy

　　C．difficult

　　D．simple

　　答案　C

　　解析　对于游客来讲，学习一门新语言是困难的。根据后半句“but the benefits of such an effort...”可知，答案为C项。

　　4． A.obvious

　　B．invisible

　　C．impossible

　　D．useless

　　答案　A

　　解析　但是付出这样的努力后，得到的回报会在他到达国外后表现得很明显。根据下文内容可知，学习新语言有助于游客更好地在国外生活。故答案为A项。invisible看不见的；impossible不可能的；useless无用的，均与语境不符。

　　5． A.difficult

　　B．strange

　　C．wonderful

　　D．important

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据语境可知，当他舒服地待在家里时，掌握一门新语言显得没那么重要。difficult难的；strange陌生的；wonderful精彩的，均不符合语境。故答案为D项。

　　6． A.necessary

　　B．unimportant

　　C．useless

　　D．funny

　　答案　A

　　解析　但是，对于一个在陌生地方的游客来说，知道怎么订餐租房间是必要的。故答案为A项。

　　7． A.recognize

　　B．find

　　C．understand

　　D．believe

　　答案　C

　　解析　不了解当地语言，对于陌生人来说很难理解当地人和他们的习俗。由于语言不通，沟通不畅，很难理解别人。故答案为C项。

　　8． A.find

　　B．look for

　　C．select

　　D．know

　　答案　A

　　解析　当然，在我们的小世界里，很可能在当地找到懂得我们语言的人。find找到，强调结果；look for寻找，强调过程。故答案为A项。

　　9． A.therefore

　　B．however

　　C．but

　　D．although

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据上半句内容可知，很可能在当地找到懂得我们语言的人，但是这不是最好的打算。根据语境可知，前后两句为转折关系。故答案为C项。

　　10．A.use

　　B．speaking

　　C．writing

　　D．learning

　　答案　A

　　解析　可以肯定的是，人们不需要使用语言，就可以观赏到当地的事物。根据语境可知，答案为A项。

　　11．A.mind

　　B．head

　　C．heart

　　D．matter

　　答案　C

　　解析　但是，任何一个国家的核心都不在于你能看到的那些东西。作者觉得仅仅通过看是不能深刻体会一个国家的文化。故答案为C项。

　　12．A.much

　　B．indeed

　　C．also

　　D．finally

　　答案　B

　　解析　对于游客来说，了解一国的语言确实很重要。全文一直强调语言在旅游过程中的重要性。故答案为B项。

　　.阅读理解

　　According to the US Geological Survey，about seven million earthquakes strike worldwide every year—but fortunately，only about 1,500 of these are of a magnitude(震级) of 5 or greater on the Richter scale.Certain areas，such as California and Japan，are more prone_to earthquakes than others.Although the chance of being caught in “The Big One” is remote，it’s wise to be prepared if you live in a region where earthquakes are common.

　　Educate your family about earthquakes before a big one strikes.For example，they need to know to take shelter in a doorway or under a strong object if indoors，and never to run outdoors if they are inside.If outside，they need to know to stay away from power lines and buildings where objects could fall.

　　Teach family members how to turn off gas or water lines or electrical power that may need to be shut off after a quake if severe damage occurs.

　　Develop a plan.Where will your family meet in the event of a disaster？What if some people are at work or school？How will you know if they are safe？Where will you all meet up?

　　Pack a preparedness kit(衣物装备) and keep it in a safe location.In a major earthquake，it’s possible that you won’t be able to get into your house.Keep supplies in your car trunk or an outside storage shed if possible.Pack whatever your family is likely to need，enough for three days to a week，including food，water，medication，first aid and personal hygiene supplies，flashlights，a portable radio，blankets，clothes and shoes，cash，or camp stove，candles，matches or lighters，and a whistle.

　　Consider earthquake insurance for your home if you live in an earthquake­prone area.Regular homeowner’s insurance doesn’t cover earthquake damage.

　　1．The underlined words “prone to” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “________”．

　　A．likely to suffer from

　　B．frequent to explore

　　C．quick to discover

　　D．impossible to experience

　　答案　A

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...a region where earthquakes are common.”及最后一段中的in an earthquake­prone area可推知，prone意为“易于发生某事的”，因此四个选项中只有A项能够取代画线词。

　　2．According to the passage，if you are outside in an earthquake，you should________.

　　A．stay where you are

　　B．hide under a big tree

　　C．avoid power lines

　　D．sit on the ground

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，如果地震时你在室外，你应该远离电线或建筑物，故选C项。

　　3．We can learn from the passage that________.

　　A．about 1,500 earthquakes happen every year

　　B．people should store some clothes in their houses in advance

　　C．family members should meet in their home after an earthquake

　　D．people living in earthquake­prone areas should buy earthquake insurance

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，居住在地震多发地区的人们应该考虑买地震保险，因此D项正确。

　　4．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．How to Keep Safe in an Earthquake

　　B．How to Prepare for an Earthquake

　　C．Who Can Help Us after an Earthquake?

　　D．Where Is an Earthquake­prone Area?

　　答案　B

　　解析　标题归纳题。文章第一段最后一句点明文章的主题：我们应该为地震做些准备。接下来的几段都是介绍的如何做准备，因此B项为最佳标题。

　　.写作素材(关于友谊)

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句，why引导的宾语从句。

　　1．我们很困惑汤姆疏远了他的朋友玛丽。

　　We_were_confused_that_Tom_was_distant_to_his_companion_Mary.

　　2．不久，汤姆和玛丽的友谊结束了，这是一件令人失望的事。

　　Before_long，the_friendship_between_Tom_and_Mary_ended，which_was_disappointing.

　　3．局外人不知道为什么会出现这种情况。

　　The_outsiders_didn’t_know_why_the_situation_came_into_being.

　　4．毕竟他们有共同的兴趣，他们的友谊经过了长期的检验。

　　After_all，they_had_common_interest_and_went_through_long­term_trial.

　　5．我们应该安慰他们以减轻他们的痛苦。

　　We_should_comfort_them_to_ease_their_pain.

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