Ⅰ.重点单词识记 1．record /rIkɔːd/ vi./vt.记录；录制；n.纪录；唱片 2．concept /kɒnsept/ n．观念；概念 3．worship /wɜːʃIp/ n．崇拜；尊敬；vi./vt.爱慕；崇拜 4．seek /siːk/ vi./vt.寻找；追求 5．host /həst/ n．主办方 6．stadium /steIdIəm/ n．运动场；体育场 7．pure /pjə/ adj.纯洁的 8．strive /straIv/ vi.努力；奋斗 9．equality /IkwɒlətI/ n．平等→equal adj.同样的；平等的；vt.等于；比得上 10．unfamiliar /ˌnfə′mIlIə/ adj.新奇的；不熟悉的→familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的 11．disabled /dIseIbld/ adj.残废的；有缺陷的→disable vt.使残废；使失去能力；丧失能力→disability n．残疾；无能 12．consistent /kənsIstənt/ adj.一致的；符合的→consist vi.组成；在于；符合 13．original /ərIdʒənl/ adj.最初的；原始的；独创的→origin n．起源；来源 .重点短语识记 1．be connected to与……相连 2．centre round/on/upon当作中心或重点 3．compete for/against为……竞争 4．come to life复苏；苏醒过来；变得活跃 5．alternate...and/with...使交替发生或出现；轮流安排 6．consistent with符合；与……一致 7．in harmony和谐 8．(be) based on基于…… 9．in the name of以……的名义；凭…… 10．take part in参加；参与 11．abide by坚持，遵守 .经典原句默写与背诵 1．It was therefore considered one of the greatest honours to win a victory at Olympia. 因此在奥林匹亚获得胜利被看作是最高荣誉之一。 2．All the following facts about the Olympics represent the idea that Olympism is a philosophy of life，exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body，will and mind. 关于奥运会的以下事实代表了这种观点：奥林匹克主义是增强体质、意志和精神，并使之全面均衡发展的一种生活哲学。 3．The most important thing is not to win but to take part! 最重要的事情不是赢得比赛而是参与比赛。 1．I have to change my approach，the competition is too good now.(compete) 2．He jumped athletically out of the car.(athletic) 3．There are toilet facilities for the disabled.(disable) 4．The desire to look attractive is universal.(universe) 5．The town that I visited last week was founded in 1610.(founder) 1record n．纪录；唱片；v.记录；录制；显示 keep a record of记录…… hold a record保持纪录 break a record打破纪录 set a record刷新纪录 Try to keep a record of everything you eat this week. 尽量记录下本周你吃的所有东西。 夯实基础用record的适当形式填空 (1)It is a book that records the fall of the Third Reich. (2)The cardiograph records the heartbeat. (3)She has recorded some popular songs since last month. (4)Her sufferings are recorded on her face. 2 be consistent with与……一致，相符 consistently adv.一致地，符合 consistency一致性；连贯性 She’s not very consistent in the way she treats her children. 她对待孩子反复无常。 The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research. 这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。夯实基础 What we say should be consistent with what we do. 我们应该言行一致。 3 seek after/for企图获得；追求；寻找 seek to do sth.试图/设法做某事 seek out找到 They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter. 他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。 We shouldn’t seek after comfort，personal fame or gain.我们不应该贪图安逸，追名逐利。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空 (1)They are urgently seeking for the post where they are well paid. (2)The couple have sought help from their marriage gobetweens. (3)Corbett resolved to seek out the truth. Ⅰ.单项填空 1．Tom has the record for the 1,000meter race since 2008. A．kept B．held C．broken D．set 答案 B 解析 句意为：自2008年以来汤姆一直保持1 000米长跑的纪录。hold a record意为“保持纪录”；keep a record意为“(把……)记录下来”。 2．What you say now doesn’t seem to be with what you said last Saturday. A．constant B．consistent C．equal D．common 答案 B 解析 be consistent with与……一致；constant不断的；be equal to与……相等；be common with与……相同。 3．More and more countries are trying to closer trade ties with China. A．seek B．connect C．search D．link 答案 A 解析 句意为：越来越多的国家正试图寻求与中国更密切的贸易联系。seek寻找，符合句意。 .汉译英 2006年，他刷新了一项世界纪录，成为获得硕士学位时年龄最大的人。(set a record for)(2017·广东·基础写作) In 2006 he set a world record for becoming the oldest person to get a master’s degree. 1．As long as you have struggled for your dream，you are a success. 2．In the 16th century，village life centred round religion. 3．Chairman Mao is known as eastern sun in Chinese people’s mind. 4．You need not to perform perfectly on sports，just take part in it. 5．The quiet girl has come to life since she lived with her grandma. in the name of 在……名下；代表；以……的名义，凭 in one’s name＝in the name of在……名下；代表 by name凭名字；用……的名字 by the name of名叫……的 under the name of用……的名字 name after/for以……的名字命名 There is a young actor by the name of Tom. 这儿有一个名叫汤姆的年轻演员。夯实基础选词填空 (1)He met a man John by name. (2)Did you know somebody by the name of Harvey? (3)He attended the party in the name of his father. (4)She was named after her mother. Ⅰ.单项填空 1．The principal knows all the students name. A．in B．by C．under D．with 答案 B 解析 句意为：校长能叫出所有学生的姓名。by name凭名字，用……的名字，符合句意。in the name of/in one’s name在……名下，以……名义，代表；under the name of 用……名字，以……假名；with one’s name on it是为……准备的，是冲……来的。 2．She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her to Scotland. A．junction B．connection C．seat D．carriage 答案 B 解析 connection联系，联结；转(车、飞机等)，lose one’s connection to a place(转车误点)没赶上转乘去……的班次。句意为：她担心火车如不加速，她会赶不上搭乘去苏格兰的中转车。junction(铁路、河流等的)会合处、相交处；seat座位；carriage私人马车。 .汉译英他们完全是出于友谊而那样做的。(name) They did it all in the name of friendship. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1)The excited(excite) boys are opening their Christmas presents. (2)His face wore a puzzled(puzzle) expression. (3)When he got there，he only found the closed(close) door. (4)The arrived(arrive) soldiers are busy camping. (5)A trained(train) nurse is wanted. Beginning in 1994，it was decided that the Winter Olympic Games would be in different years from the Summer Games...从1994年开始，人们决定冬季奥运会与夏季奥运会在不同年份举办…… v．ing作状语，多用来表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。 Arriving at the cinema，he found that the film had been over. 到电影院时，电影已经结束了。 Having smoked too much，he has suffered from lung cancer. 由于抽烟太多，他患了肺癌。夯实基础用现在分词完成句子 (1)We always help each other when studying here (在这儿学习的时候)． (2)Hearing the news(听到这个消息)，he looked disappointed. (3)He didn’t come to attend her birthday party，making her very sad(使她非常伤心)． Ⅰ.单项填空 1．When the first English settlers arrived in the New World，the Indians jewellery made of animal bones greeted them warmly. A．wearing B．to wear C．worn D．having worn 答案 A 解析 “印第安人带着珠宝”，两者是主动关系，故选A项。 2．— does he make a trip here? —Every five days. A．How five days B．How far C．How long D．How often 答案 D 解析 从答案可知，提问者问的是频率，故用how often。 .汉译英 1．作为一个活跃的年轻人，我喜欢运动和户外活动。(现在分词短语作状语)(2011·辽宁·书面表达) Being an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities. 2．他所必须做的就是转身、过桥、走到树旁。(不定式作表语)(2011·北京·开放作文) All he has to do is to turn around，cross the bridge and walk to the tree. 1．Lionel Messi， the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe.(2017·江苏，24) A．set B．setting C．to set D．having set 答案 D 解析 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意为：在一个日历年度创下了最多的进球纪录，莱昂内尔·梅西被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。由句意知，“创纪录”在先，“被认为是最有才华的足球运动员”在后，故用现在分词的完成式。 2．“It’s such a nice place.” Mother said as she sat at the table for customers.(2017·浙江，11) A．to be reserved B．having reserved C．reserving D．reserved 答案 D 解析 reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中作后置定语。 3．Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek food safety problems.(2011·安徽，25) A．in B．to C．on D．after 答案 B 解析 句意为：要寻找食品安全问题的恰当的解决办法有时并不是很难。本题的中心词是answers，后面的food safety problems是answers的定语；而与answer搭配使用的介词只有to，即answer to food safety problems。因此选B项。 .单项填空 1．—She got her first science fiction published.It turned out to be . —When was that? —It was in 2009 she was still in college. A．success；that B．a success；when C．success；when D．a success；that 答案 B 解析 a success表示“一件成功的事情”；后一个空格处是when引导的定语从句。最后一句话不是强调句型。假如是强调句型，应该是“It was in 2009 when she was still in college that she got her first science fiction published.” 2．—It is said that Jack is very rich and is always changing his private cars.What is he? — ， I am not sure. A．Somebody of a manager B．Something of a manager C．Anyone of a manager D．Anything of a manager 答案 B 解析 something of a manager 类似经理之类的职业。 3．Some warned that the step the US government has taken to cope with the current crisis is much risk. A．one of B．the one of C．the one D．that one 答案 A 解析 考查代词。句意为：有人警告说美国政府为应对当前危机所采取的这一步是充满危险的一步。用one表示泛指。 4．—He didn’t feel a bit nervous when . —No.He’d had a lot of time for it after all. A．interviewing；to prepare B．interviewed；to prepare C．interviewing；preparing D．being interviewed；preparing 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词。第一空为when (he was) interviewed省略形式，表被动；第二空为不定式作定语修饰time，所以选B项。 5．—I’d rather have some wine，if you don’t mind. — .Don’t forget you will drive. A．Anything but that B．By all means C．Take it easy D．I won’t say no to this 答案 A 解析 考查交际用语。由句中“Don’t forget...”可知要开车便不能喝酒。故选A项。 6．Geneva， city in Switzerland，is center of Switzerland’s watch and jewelrymaking industries. A．the；a B．a；the C．a；/ D．/；the 答案 B 解析 考查冠词。第一空a city构成同位语；第二空用于特指。 7．—Do you know our school will be enlarged soon? —Of course.It will be in size，as far as I know. A．the large B．the largest C．three times as large D．larger three times 答案 C 解析 考查倍数表达法：A is＋倍数＋as＋adj.＋as B。 8． was most important to her，she told me，was whether she could be admitted to a key university the next year. A．It B．This C．As D．What 答案 D 解析 考查名词性从句。本句缺少引导主语从句并作从句主语的连词，因此选D项。 9．Why it rain on Sunday? We can’t go camping as planned.What a pity! A．should B．can C．must D．may 答案 C 解析 考查情态动词。句意为：为什么星期天偏偏下雨？害得我们不能按计划去野营了，真遗憾！由句意知是在抱怨，而must则可表示“非得……；偏偏”，故选C项。 10．—Excuse me，but I wonder if Bill is free at 3 o’clock this afternoon. —I’m not sure.I am afraid he TV. A．will watch B．will be watching C．is to watch D．is watching 答案 B 解析 考查时态。根据句中时间状语“at 3 o’clock this afternoon”，用将来进行时，故选B项。C项“be to do”表示“按计划、要求、约定要做某事”。 .完形填空 It was 1130 in the evening.A black American lady of about seventy was standing on the side of an Alabama 1 trying to bear a pouring rainstorm.Her car had 2 down and at the moment she 3 needed a ride.Wet to the skin，she decided to flag down the next 4 .A young white man stopped to help her—generally unheard of in those conflictfilled 1960s.The man 5 her to safety in his car，and hired a taxicab(a kind of car) for her.She seemed to be in a great 6 .She wrote down his address，thanked him and drove away.Several days went by and a 7 came to the man’s door.To his surprise，a very big color TV was delivered to his home.A special note was 8 to it.It read：“Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n) 9 colored woman on the freeway the other night.The rain 10 wet all over not only my clothes but my spirits.Then you 11 along.Because of you，I was 12 to make it to my dying husband’s bedside just before he passed away.God bless you for helping me and kindly serving others.Sincerely，Mrs.Nat King Cole.” 1． A.railway B．freeway C．street D．avenue 答案 B 解析 句意为：一个大约70岁的美国黑人妇女站在Alabama高速公路上，遭受暴风雨的无情拍击。根据下文“It read：‘Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n) colored woman on the freeway the other night.’”可知，B项符合文意。 2． A.put B．took C．broken D．slowed 答案 C 解析 句意为：她的车抛锚了，当时她迫切需要搭车离开。根据本句中的“and at the moment she needed a ride”和下文语境可推知，那个黑人妇女的车坏了。put down记下；take down放下，拆除；break down发生故障；slow down减速。故C项符合文意。 3． A.seriously B．badly C．fairly D．probably 答案 B 解析 根据下文“Because of you，I was to make it to my dying husband’s bedside just before he passed away.”可推知，要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面的心情是多么的迫切。由此可知，B项符合文意。seriously严肃地，严重地；fairly相当地；probably可能地，均不符合语境，故排除。 4． A.bus B．truck C．taxi D．car 答案 D 解析 句意为：衣服已经湿透了，她决定挥手拦下下一辆过路的车。根据下文“The man her to safety in his car”可知，D项符合文意。 5． A.put B．led C．fetched D．took 答案 D 解析 句意为：那个年轻白人用车把她带到了安全的地方。put放；lead引导，带路；fetch拿走，带来；take带走。 6． A.need B．help C．hurry D．trouble 答案 C 解析 句意为：她看起来很匆忙。根据下文语境可知，她要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面，所以她应该非常匆忙。 7． A.lady B．salesman C．letter D．knock 答案 B 解析 句意为：几天后，一个销售员来到这个年轻白人的家门口。根据下文“To his surprise，a very big color TV was delivered to his home.”可推知，是卖东西的人提供送货上门服务。 8． A.offered B．given C．attached D．written 答案 C 解析 句意为：大彩电上贴了一个特别的便条。be attached to sth.为固定搭配，意为“附在，贴在……上面”，符合语境，故答案为C项。 9． A.aged B．dark C．lucky D．unhappy 答案 B 解析 句意为：便条上写着：谢谢你那天晚上在高速公路上帮助一个黑人妇女。与文章开头第二句中的“A black American lady of about seventy”相呼应。 10．A.let B．made C．had D．turned 答案 B 解析 句意为：大雨不仅湿透了我的全身，而且也使我的心凉了。make sth./sb.wet弄湿某人或某物，符合语境。 11．A.got B．went C．ran D．came 答案 D 解析 句意为：就在这个时候，你出现了。come along到达，抵达，符合语境。 12．A.able B．ready C．likely D．willing 答案 A 解析 句意为：多亏了你，我才能够及时赶到垂危的丈夫面前，见他最后一面。be able to能够做某事，为固定搭配，符合语境。 .阅读理解 Port River，South Australia.A beautiful dolphin swims through the cool waters.Suddenly，the sea creature turns itself on its back，and pushes its body up head first！The dolphin is now balancing on its tail！It holds this position and moves like this across the water for a few seconds. This dolphin is “tailwalking”．Dolphin trainers love to teach their dolphins tricks like this.Crowds love to watch them.But this dolphin does not belong to anyone.It lives freely in the wild！So who taught this dolphin to tailwalk? The dolphin creating the interest is named Billie.Billie lives off the South Australian coast，near Adelaide.It was here that scientists first saw Billie tailwalking. In the early 1980s，Billie had a bad experience.He got trapped behind a barrier，in a lake next to the sea.Billie became sick and was unable to return to the sea.Local people put him in a large dolphin tank.The tank was for dolphins that performed for the public.Billie lived in the tank with other dolphins for several weefs.During this time，he saw the life of the other dolphins.He saw them receive food for performing tricks—such as tailwalking. After Billie returned to the sea，scientists saw him tailwalking.But even more amazing—some other dolphins in the area also began tailwalking！Scientists believe that Billie must have learned the behavior from watching in the tank.Then Billie may have “taught” the tailwalking trick to the other dolphins.If this is the case，it would mean that Billie has demonstrated “cultural behavior”． Cultural behavior is learned behavior in groups.It is common among humans.But，it is much rarer among animals！However，today scientific reports show that particular animals do perform cultural behavior.One such animal is the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)．And now Billie is making scientists investigate cultural behavior among dolphins. 1．How does the author start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By listing facts. C．By describing a funny scene. D．By explaining a scientific term. 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。作者在文章第一段描绘了一只海豚“摆尾式行走”的奇特景观，由此展开了说明，故C项正确。 2．People put Billie in a tank to . A．help him recover B．let him learn to perform C．let him stay with other dolphins D．train it to entertain people 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知，当地人把海豚放在一个大池子中，目的是让它恢复健康，故选A项。 3．Billie learned tailwalking from . A．its trainers B．other dolphins in the sea C．other dolphins in the tank D．people who fed it 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，通过观察池子里的其他海豚表演“摆尾式行走”，Billie学会了这种技能，故C项符合文意。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Tailwalking performed by dolphins. B．The necessity to protect dolphins. C．The study on animals’ behavior. D．Cultural behavior among animal groups. 答案 D 解析 主旨大意题。综合分析全文可知，作者是以海豚Billie的例子引出文章的中心话题：动物群体中的文化行为。 .写作素材(关于奥运) 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句。 1．迈克是名出生于瑞典的残疾人运动员。 Mike，who was born in Sweden，is a disabled athlete. 2．他一直是马拉松运动的世界纪录保持者。 He has been the world recordholder in marathon. 3．他为他的国家赢得了荣誉。 He has won glory for his country. 4．他把奥林匹克格言始终放在心中。 He always puts the Olympic motto in his heart. 5．他的不屈精神和顽强意志将激励一代又一代人奋勇向前。 His unyielding spirits and toughness will encourage generation after generation to move forward courageously.