Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．wellknown /ˌwelnəun/ adj.有名的
2．typical /tIpIkl/ adj.典型的
3._tender /tendə(r)/ adj.嫩的；温柔的；软弱的
4．faraway /fɑːrəweI/ adj.遥远的；久远的
5．pretend /prItend/ vt.假装
6．spot /spɒt/ vt.认出；发现；n.现场；场所；污渍，污点
7．burst /bɜːst/ vi.突然爆发；爆裂；迸裂
8．gaze /ɡeIz/ vi.盯；凝视；n.注视；凝视
9．poison /pɔIzn/ n．毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的
10．permit /pəmIt/ vi./vt.允许；准许；n.许可证，执照→permission n．许可；批准
11．unbelieving /ˌʌnbIliːvIŋ/ adj.难以置信的；不相信的；怀疑的→believe vt.相信；认为→belief n．信心；信念
12．tremble /trembl/ vi.发抖；颤抖→trembling adj.发抖的；战栗的
13．bitterly /bItəlI/ adv.悲痛地；痛苦地；强烈地→bitter adj.苦的；有苦味的
14．instant /Instənt/ adj.立即的→instantly adv.立即地；即刻地
15._recognise /rekəɡnaIz/ vt.认出；认识到→recognition n．认出；认识
16．obviously /ɒbvIəslI/ adv.明显地；显然地→obvious adj.明显的
17．laughter /lɑːftə(r)/ n．笑；笑声→laugh n．/vi.笑声；笑
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．make_such_a_fuss大惊小怪；小题大做
2．live_on以……为生
3．be_fond_of喜爱
4．save_time节约时间
5．make_less_fuss_about...不太在意
6．wrap_up包起来；裹起来
7．line...up排成一行；排成直线
8．look_sb.up_and_down上下打量某人
9．at_a_distance在远处
10．an_idea_comes_to_sb.某人突然想出一个主意
11．take_out拿出
12．mix...with...把……和……混合
13．keep...in_mind把……记在心中
14．keep_silent保持安静
15．How_come？怎么可能？
16．burst_into_laughter/tears突然笑/流泪
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．She suggested that we should_make a goodluck dumpling.
她建议我们包一个大钱饺子。
2．With all my heart I wished_her_a_long_life.
我衷心地祝愿她长寿。
3．Help yourself.Take as_many_as_you_like while they are hot.
随便吃。趁热你想吃多少就吃多少。
4．Who could_have_expected that she would recognise the dumpling as well!
谁能料到她也能认出那个饺子来！
1．You can’t take photographs here without permission.(permit)
2．Instantly I saw him I knew he was the man we were looking for.(instant)
3．After so many years she has changed beyond recognition.(recognize)
4．Have a taste of the soup and see if it needs more salt.(tasty)
5．She was white and trembling with anger.(tremble)
6．It’s easy to get a seat for the best shows in town.(easily)
1permit v．允许；许可(allow)；n.通行证；许可证；执照
permit sb.to do...允许某人做……
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.sth.允许某人做某事
ask for permission请求许可
without permission未经许可
All the foreign nationals working here have work permits.
所有在这里工作的外国人都有工作许可证。
The windows permit light and air to enter.
这些窗户采光及通风性能良好。
夯实基础
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)He was permitted to_talk(talk) to the prisoner.
(2)The guard permitted me to_bring(bring) my camera and tape recorder.
(3)We don’t permit smoking(smoke) in the office.
(4)He asked for permission(permit) to leave the room.
2
pretend to do/to be doing/to have done假装要/正在/已经做某事
pretend to be＋adj./n.假装是……
I pretend that things are really okay when they’re not.当情况不好的时候我假装一切顺利。
He pretended to be friendly to us.
他假装对我们友好。
夯实基础
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)Don’t pretend to_understand(understand) when you don’t.
(2)When his mother came in，he pretended to_be_studying(study)．
(3)He pretended to_have_known(know) the answer to the problem already.
3
on the spot当场；在现场
be spotted with满是……的斑点
spot sb.doing...发现某人做……
She has a white dress with blue spots.
她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。
I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.
我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。
夯实基础
(1)The night sky is_spotted_with_stars(满天星星)．
(2)I_was_on_the_spot(我在现场) when the accident happened.
4
be recognized as被公认为……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
out of/beyond recognition认不出来
We all recognized her talent for dancing.
我们都肯定她在舞蹈方面的才华。
夯实基础
同义句改写
It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.(用sth.be recognized to...改写句子)
Environmental_pollution_is_recognized_to_have_become_one_of_the_most_serious_problems_that_people_face.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．When the thief found the police had already ________ him，he ran away quickly.
A．realized
B．known
C．spotted
D．stared
答案 C
解析 spot作动词表示“发现，看见”，符合语境。
2．The driver shall be fined if he drives without________.
A．permission
B．time
C．patience
D．admittance
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果司机不经允许就开车，那他会被罚款。without permission不经允许，是固定短语。
3. When the man was trying to break into the bank，he was caught by the police ________.
A．in a spot
B．on the spot
C．off the spot
D．to the spot
答案 B
解析 考查固定短语：on the spot当场。
Ⅱ.汉译英
那是一个具有典型中国文化特色的浪漫故事。(typical)(2017·天津·书面表达)
It_is_about_a_Chinese_romantic_story，typical_of_Chinese_culture.
1．The train fare has already been taken_out from his salary.
2．The manager prefers to keep employees at_a_distance.
3．As we all know，Chinese people live_on rice，wheat，pork，etc.
4．Turn_on all the lights in your room right after waking up.
5．Here are five practical suggestions to keep_in_mind.
burst/break into＋n. 突然爆发；闯入
burst/break out doing...突然开始做……
burst in突然冲入
burst forth迸发
Last night the room was burst into but nothing was taken away.
昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。
图解助记
夯实基础
一句多译
听到这个消息，约翰突然大哭起来。
(1)Hearing_the_news，John_burst/break_into_tears.
(2)Hearing_the_news，John_burst/break_out_crying.
(3)Hearing_the_news，John_suddenly_started_to_cry.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．In modern times，people have to learn to ________ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
A．keep with
B．stay with
C．meet with
D．live with
答案 D
解析 句意为：在现代社会，人们尽管过着舒适的生活，但他们还得学会承受各种各样的压力。live with在此意为“忍受，承受”。
2．His ________ of violent anger put an unpleasant end to the meeting.
A．break
B．burst
C．attack
D．express
答案 B
解析 名词burst可用来表示情感的迸发，因此，只有B项能满足该句的句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。(burst into)(2017·湖北·短文写作)
Hearing_this，the_whole_class_burst_into_laughter_and_my_deskmate’s_face_turned_red.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)The initial investigation failed to uncover(cover) a number of important facts.
(2)Unlike(like) most actors，Jack is a rather shy man.
(3)Most people dislike(like) driving on icy roads，but he rather enjoys it.
(4)My composition was so poor that my teacher asked me to rewrite(write) it.
(5)You should have more confidence(confident) in your own abilities.
1
(1)How do you find/like/feel about...？/What do you think of...？你觉得……怎么样？
(2)What is...like？……怎么样？可指人的性格、品质，也可指事物的性质和特征。
(3)What does/do...look like？……长得怎么样？指外表。
(4)Would you like sth./to do...你想……吗？
What do you think of our new boss?
你觉得我们的新老板怎么样啊？
How do you find my new curtain?
你觉得我的新窗帘怎么样？
夯实基础
(1)What_is_it_like_to_lie_on(躺在……上……怎么样) the soft beach enjoying the summer sun?
(2)同义句改写
How do you find the new film？(用what改写句子)
What_do_you_think_of_the_new_film?
2
How come(...)？意为“……是怎么回事？”可以单独(后面不接成分)出现在对话的语境中(实质上是省略上文提到的事情)，也可以在How come后接语序完整的陈述句。
类似的结构还有：
(1)What if...？意为“如果……将怎么办？”可以看作What will happen if...？的省略形式；还可表示“即使……又有什么关系？”，看作是What does it matter if...？的省略形式。
(2)So what？认为某事无关紧要，口语用法，尤用于反驳他人的指责，意为“那又如何？”
How come they didn’t buy the car?
他们为什么没买那辆车？
How come you aren’t going with us?
你怎么没和我们一起？
夯实基础
翻译句子
你为什么起这么早？
How_come_you_get_up_so_early?
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．After the new equipment was introduced，they produced ________ machines this year as the year before.
A．as twice many
B．as many twice
C．twice as many
D．twice many as
答案 C
解析 考查“倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋名词＋as...”结构。
2．His composition was written so carelessly that his teacher asked him to ________ it.
A．unwrite
B．rewrite
C．inwrite
D．writing
答案 B
解析 句意为：他的作文写得太粗心了以致于他的老师要求他重写。rewrite 重写。
3．Having a knowledge of English ________ you to communicate with foreigners；at the same time it can ________ your mind.
A．able；rich
B．enable；enrich
C．enables；enrich
D．enable；rich
答案 C
解析 句意为：拥有英语知识能够确保你和外国人交流，同时这还能丰富你的头脑。enable使……能够；enrich 丰富。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我们都知道，书籍是知识的源泉。(as...)(2017·江西·书面表达)
As_we_all_know，books_are_the_source_of_knowledge.
2．公园里一派春天的清新和美丽，艳阳高照，鸟儿歌唱。(with复合结构)(2017·福建·书面表达)
The_park_was_full_of_freshness_and_beauty_of_spring，with_the_sun_shining_and_birds_singing.
1．Passengers are permitted________only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.(2011·天津，7)
A．to carry
B．carrying
C．to be carried
D．being carried
答案 A
解析 句意为：乘客只被允许带一件手提行李登机。该题考查permit的固定搭配be permitted to do sth.(被允许做某事)的用法。再根据passengers与carry之间的主动关系可确定选A项。
2．—I don’t think I’ll be able to go mountainclimbing tomorrow.
—________？(2011·浙江，20)
A．And how
B．How come
C．How’s it going
D．How about it
答案 B
解析 句意为：——我认为我明天不会去爬山了。——怎么会呢？How come？是固定句式，表示“……是怎么回事呢？”，符合语境。
3．________，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(2011·安徽，31)
A．Hopefully
B．Normally
C．Thankfully
D．Conveniently
答案 C
解析 句意为：令人欣慰的是，我成功地通过了比赛，那些伤痛最终是值得的。根据句意可知我通过了比赛。hopefully有希望地；normally正常地；conveniently方便地，便利地，都与题意不符，只有thankfully(感激地，欣慰地)才能体现出我通过比赛的欣慰，所以选择C项。
4．The new movie________to be one of the biggest moneymakers of all time.(2010·辽宁，32)
A．promises
B．agrees
C．pretends
D．declines
答案 A
解析 句意为：这部新影片有望成为(电影史上)最卖座的影片之一。promise有望，有……可能，答应，许诺；agree同意，赞成；pretend假装；decline下降。由句意知选A。
5．—Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
—________，I do.I think it’s a great idea.(2009·安徽，24)
A．Really
B．Obviously
C．Actually
D．Generally
答案 C
解析 句意为：——你认为和你的学生交朋友是个好主意吗？——实际上，我确实认为这是个好主意。由下句肯定回答可知赞同对方的观点，故用actually。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—See the gathering clouds outside? Please take this umbrella with you.
—________.
A．Thanks.Take it easy
B．OK，just in case
C．Well，it just depends
D．All right，I’ll try my luck
答案 B
解析 just in case以防万一，符合语境。take it easy别紧张；it just depends依情况而定；I’ll try my luck碰碰运气。
2．There is a common belief ________ the year 2017 will be an excellent year for China.
A．that
B．which
C．/
D．when
答案 A
解析 that引导同位语从句，在句中不作任何成分，也无意义，但不可省略。
3．The cousins are alike in age，but ________ they are as different as day and night.
A．anyhow
B．besides
C．otherwise
D．moreover
答案 A
解析 anyhow无论如何，不管怎样，符合句意。besides另外；otherwise否则；moreover另外。
4．Tom was ________ honour for our school when the meeting came to ________ end.
A．an；an
B．an；the
C．the；/
D．/；an
答案 A
解析 an honour一个光荣的人；come to an end结束。
5．________LiuXiang set a new record in the 16th Asian Games，he can’t win all the time.
A．When
B．While
C．If
D．Whether
答案 B
解析 while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
6．The power failure made ________ difficult for us to complete the task on time.
A．that B．it
C．one
D．this
答案 B
解析 it作形式宾语，代替句中的不定式短语。
7．—Why can’t I smoke?
—At no time________in the meeting room.
A．does smoking permit
B．is smoking permitted
C．smoking is permitted
D．permits smoking
答案 B
解析 at no time为否定词，置于句首时，句子用倒装语序。
8．Children are running around________to be aeroplanes.
A．pretending
B．to pretend
C．being pretended
D．having pretended
答案 A
解析 句意为：孩子们假装自己是飞机在四周跑来跑去。pretending to be aeroplanes是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
9．—I wonder ________ you like Bob.
—Selfish but honest.
A．how
B．what
C．if
D．whether
答案 A
解析 第一句句意为：我想知道你觉得Bob怎样。How do you like sb.？你觉得某人怎样？故选A项。
10．—I’ll not take an umbrella with me today.
—________ it rains later in the day?
A．How come
B．What
C．How about
D．What if
答案 D
解析 答语句意为：如果今天晚些时候下雨的话，该怎么办呢？what if为固定句型，意为“如果……将会如何”，一般承上使用。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Last week，we explained that the planet Mars has passed “opposition”．It passed a point opposite the Sun.This week，we tell about the planet’s surprising motion(运动) among the stars.
For thousands of years，people have recognized that planets travel among the stars.The planets generally follow the path taken by the Sun through the sky.The Sun’s path is called the ecliptic.The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac(黄道带)．
The motion of the planets can be confusing at times.Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth.Planets generally move from west to east.
However，Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year.This happens because the Earth is overtaking Mars on its way around the Sun.Mars began its backward，or westward motion on May 11th.It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.
Mars’ apparent motion has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years.Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth.But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem.Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”？
In 1543，a Polish church worker named Nicolas Copernicus published a different theory.His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits.Copernicus’ theory was simpler.But his Suncentered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.
Finally，a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619.He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun.Instead，they travel in flattened orbits called ellipses.Mars’ elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.During the next several weeks，you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of Mars has caused so many people to wonder.
1．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the planets generally travel westward
B．Kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619
C．Copernicus’ theory well explained the motion of Mars
D．the Earth’s turning motion causes the Sun to rise in the east
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth.Planets generally move from west to east.”可以判断出，太阳东升西落是由地球的回转引起的。故答案为D。
2．On July 19th Mars ________.
A．will pass the “opposition”
B．will appear to change its direction again
C．will begin to move westward
D．will appear to change its orbit again
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Mars began its backward，or westward motion on May 11th.It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.”可知，火星在5月11日将向后或者说向西运行，在7月19号它将再次向东运行。故答案为B。
3．Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”？
A．It is overtaking the earth.
B．It follows the path of the sun.
C．It moves in an elliptical orbit.
D．It travels in a circular orbit.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Mars’ elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.”可知选C。
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Recent Research into Mars
B．The Surprising Motion of Mars
C．The Great Discovery on Mars
D．The Wonderful Mystery of Mars
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。文章主要说的是火星的运行情况。故答案为B。
B
The media makes billions of dollars with the advertising they sell.We make our buying decisions based on what we see on TV，newspapers or magazines and also based on what everyone else who we know is buying and their decisions are also based on the media.
These are the effects of mass media on teenagers.They buy what they see on TV，what their favorite celebrities advertise and what is acceptable by society based on the fashion.
There are some positive and negative influences on teenagers.
Here is a positive influence example.If there is a sport that is getting a lot of attention by the media and gains popularity among their friends and society，they will be more likely to practice the sport.The result is that they will have fun with their friends and be more healthy because of the exercise they are doing.
However，the negative influences on teenagers are the use of cigars by movie stars，the excessive images of violence，the exposure to thousands of junk food ads and so on.
Young people are in a stage of life where they want to be accepted by their peers and want to be loved
and be successful.The media creates the ideal image of a beautiful man or woman and tells them what are the characteristics of a successful person.So they think that if they are not like them they are not cool.
Another negative influence on teenagers is anorexia(厌食) or obesity.There are millions of adolescents fighting obesity，but at the same time they are exposed to thousands of advertisements of junk food.Also more women are crazy about losing weight even when they are not obese.There are many thin women that want to look like the super models and thin celebrities，so they engage in eating disorders which lead to severe health issues and even death.
5．Which of the following has a great effect on our deciding what to buy according to the passage?
A．Advertisements.
B．Habits.
C．Environment.
D．Interests.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句可知，人们在做出购买东西的决定时会受到电视、报纸或杂志等上面广告的影响，故选A项。
6．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．teenagers pay no attention to their schoolwork today
B．mass media hardly affects the decisions of adults
C．many teenagers imitate what they see in the movies
D．those watching TV too much are mostly in bad health
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章中对媒体给青少年带来的积极和消极影响的介绍以及第六段最后一句“So they think that if they are not like them they are not cool.”可推知，青少年很喜欢模仿他们在电视、电影中所看到的内容，故选C项。
7．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to make buying decisions wisely.
B．How mass media influences teenagers.
C．How teenagers gain information from the media.
D．The negative influences of the media on teenagers.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。本文从大众媒体给青少年带来的积极和消极影响两方面讲述了大众媒体是如何影响他们的，故B项为正确答案。
8．The negative influences of the media on teenagers include the following EXCEPT________.
A．travel
B．food
C．smoking
D．violence
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由文章第五段可知，B、C、D三项都有提到，但本文并未提到大众媒体在旅行方面对青少年的消极影响，故选A项。
Ⅲ.写作素材(关于灾难)
1．上个月，在一个遥远的村里，由于连续数天的暴雨，水库大坝决口了。
2．洪水马上淹没了村庄，给村民带来了巨大损失和痛苦。
3．在过去十年里此地从没下过如此大的雨。
4．发生这样的事令人难以相信。
5．雨停后，在政府的帮助下，村民设法重建村庄。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词短语作结果状语，主语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Last_month，in_a_faraway_village，the_dam_of_the_reservoir_burst_due_to_the_continuous_several_days_of_heavy_rain.The_flood_drowned_the_village_instantly，causing_great_loss_and_pain_to_the_villagers.There_hadn’t_been_so_much_rain_in_the_past_decade.So_it_was_unbelievable_that_such_things_happened.After_the_rain_stopped，the_villagers_managed_to_rebuild_their_village_with_the_help_of_the_government.