时态和语态
【2017新课标全国卷I】24．If we ________ now to protect the environment，we'll live to regret it.
A．hadn't acted
B．haven't acted
C．don't act
D．won't act
【解析】 本题考查时态呼应。A项hadn't acted是过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”；B项haven't acted是现在完成时，指的是过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果；C项是一般现在时，表示现在的经常性行为；D项won't act是一般将来时，指的是将来的动作。句意：如果我们现在不保护环境，将来我们会后悔的。根据“在含有条件或时间状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，那么从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时代替一般将来时”这一语法规则，以及该题主句的谓语动词用了一般将来时的客观事实来判断，本题答案选C项。【答案】 C
27．When I first met Bryan I didn't like him，but I ______ my mind.
A．have changed
B．change
C．had changed
D．would change
【解析】 本题考查动词时态的用法区别。A项have changed是现在完成时，指的是已经发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果；B项change是一般现在时，强调现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态；C项had changed是过去完成时，指动作发生在过去的过去；D项would change是过去将来时。根据句意“当我第一次遇到布莱恩的时候，我不喜欢他，但是我(现在)改变了主意”断定，转折连接词but后面的句子强调的是作者现在的看法，即改变了过去的看法，对现在的影响是“现在喜欢布莱恩了”，因此答案选A项。C项的动作发生在met之前，在这里是不符合逻辑的，故排除。【答案】 A
7．We ________ very early so we packed the night before.
A．leave
B．had left
C．were leaving
D．have left
【解析】 题干的意思是：“我们很早________，因此我们前一晚上就把东西打包了。”根据句中的packed可知此处应用过去的时态，所以排除A、D两项。根据常识及句意可知，pack要发生在leave之前，所以排除B项，had left表示动作发生在“过去的过去”。故选C项，leave的过去进行时态表示过去将来。【答案】 C
23．Shakespeare's play Hamlet________into at least ten different films over the past years.
A．had been made
B．was made
C．has been made
D．would be made
【解析】 题干的意思是：近几年来莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》已经被拍成了至少10部不同的电影。由时间状语over the past years可知本句要用现在完成时，make与Hamlet为动宾关系，故用make的被动语态，故正确答案为C项。掌握现在完成时的时间状语(尤其是in/over/during the last/past years)以及主、被动关系是解题关键。【答案】 C
25．—Do you think Mom and Dad________late?
—No. Swiss Air is usually on time.
A．were
B．will be
C．would be
D．have been
【解析】 题干的意思是：“你觉得爸爸妈妈会来晚吗？”“不会的。瑞士航空通常很准时。”由语境可知，爸爸妈妈还没到，因此“迟到”应发生在将来，要用一般将来时。A项为一般过去时；C项为过去将来时；D项为现在完成时，均不符合语境。故正确答案为B项。把握语境是解题关键。【答案】 B
28．Hurry up! Mark and Carol________us.
A．expect
B．are expecting
C．have expected
D．will expect
【解析】 题干的意思是：快点！马克和卡罗尔正在等着我们。由前置语境Hurry up！可知，expect动作正在进行，要用现在进行时。A项为一般现在时，强调经常性、习惯性行为；C项为现在完成时，强调动作已经完成，对现在造成的影响或结果；D项为一般将来时，表示动作发生在将来，均不符合语境。故正确答案为B项。把握关键信息(如常用于现在进行时的look，listen，be quiet，hurry up等)是解题关键。【答案】 B
13．The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ________ one of the main pipes.
A．had repaired
B．have repaired
C．repaired
D．are repairing
【解析】 句意为“供水暂时已被切断，因为工人们正在修其中一个主管道”。根据has been cut off判断应该是现在的某种时态。再根据时间状语temporarily可以判断出repair是现在正在发生的动作，故用现在进行时。【答案】 D
21．I felt very tired when I got home, and I________straight to bed.
A．go B．went
C．had gone
D．have gone
【解析】 句意：我到家时感觉很累，就直接去睡觉了。and连接并列分句，由and前的分句中的felt和got可知，后一分句用一般过去时。【答案】 B
33．A Midsummer Night's Dream________at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.
A．opens
B．is opened
C．will open
D．will be opened
【解析】 句意：《仲夏夜之梦》于6月19日在皇家剧院演出，然后在苏格兰巡演。表示动作按照计划发生，用一般现在时表将来，且由后一句的关键词tours可知，空格处也应使用一般现在时。open表示“公开演出”，是不及物动词，故可排除表被动的B项(因为不及物动词没有被动语态)，所以答案为A。【答案】 A
24．I didn't think I'd like the movie，but actually it ______ pretty good.
A．has been
B．was
C．had been
D．would be
【解析】 句意：我(以前)以为我不会喜欢这部电影，但实际上它相当好。根据句中的关键信息“I didn't think”知空格处的时态应该和过去时有关，所以排除A项；后一句“电影确实很好”是一个过去的事实，故用一般过去时。选项C是过去完成时，在句中未体现电影好是发生在过去的过去，因此排除C项；选项D是过去将来时，不符合句意。【答案】 B
27．—Oh no！We're too late.The train ________.
—That's OK.We'll catch the next train to London.
A．was leaving
B．had left
C．has left
D．has been leaving
【解析】 句意：“噢，不！我们太晚了。火车已经离开了。”“没什么。我们将乘坐下一班去伦敦的火车。”根据对话中的关键信息“我们太晚了”以及“我们将乘坐下一班火车”可知他们要乘坐的火车已经走了，故用现在完成时。选项A为过去进行时，选项B为过去完成时，选项D为现在完成进行时，均不符合题意。【答案】 C
10．During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ________ sharply.
A．was increasing
B．has increased
C．had increased
D．will be increasing
【解析】 题干的意思是：“在过去的三十年里，参加健身计划的人数急剧增加。”由时间状语during the last three decades可知，本句要用现在完成时态，所以正确答案为B项。注意对现在完成时态的时间状语in/during/over the last/past ten years，so far，since...等的积累。【答案】 B
26．The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
A．took
B．is taking
C．takes
D．has been taking
【解析】 题干的意思是：“这个女孩对运动很感兴趣，在过去的3年里一直一周两次去上羽毛球课。”本题的关键信息是时间状语over the last three years，表示以现在为起点的过去的3年时间。“take”这个动作从过去到现在一直有规律地(一周两次)持续，并且有可能持续下去，符合现在完成进行时的特点，所以选D项。本题的干扰项是C项，做题时要注意抓住关键信息——时间状语。【答案】 D
25．—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
—Sure.I ________ a report at home.
A．will be writing
B．will have written
C．have written
D．have been writing
【解析】 句意：——明天上午我可以借用你的汽车吗？——当然可以。那时候，我将在家写报告呢。由题干中的关键信息词tomorrow morning可知，双方在谈论明天上午的事情。所以答语应用将来进行时，表示“明天上午我将在家写报告”。【答案】 A
34．—What about your self－drive trip yesterday?
—Tiring! The road is being widened，and we ________ a rough ride.
A．had
B．have
C．would have
D．have had
【解析】 句意：——昨天的自驾游如何？——太累人了！道路正在拓宽，驾车十分难行。解时态题关键是找准能揭示句子的时间基点的词语，例如本题中应抓住关键词yesterday，讲的是昨天的事情，所以用一般过去时。【答案】 A
22．He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all，he ________ it for a very long time.
A．has had
B．had had
C．has
D．had
【解析】 句意：他把自己的吉他卖掉时并不高兴。毕竟，他拥有这把吉他已经很长时间了。由句意知，他“拥有吉他”的动作发生在“卖掉吉他”之前，而“卖掉吉他”发生在过去，因此空格处的动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。【答案】 B
22．“What do you want to be？”asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh，I________president，”said the boy，with a smile.
A．have been
B．am
C．was
D．will be
【解析】 题干的意思是：“‘你想要当什么？’克劳福德太太问。‘哦，我想当总统，’男孩微笑着说。”由题意可知此处表示男孩的意愿，故用will be。【答案】 D
24．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat________us.
A．bothers
B．had bothered
C．would bother
D．bothered
【解析】 题干的意思是：“每天夜里2点左右，休就会开始说梦话。这多少有点打扰我们。”根据时间状语“around two o'clock every night”可知此处叙述的是每天夜里都发生的事情，故用一般现在时。题干中的every night是关键词，是一般现在时的常见时间状语。【答案】 A
27．—Have you heard about the recent election?
—Sure, it________the only thing on the news for the last three days.
A．would be
B．is
C．has been
D．will be
【解析】 题干的意思是：“你听说过有关最近选举的事情了吗？”“当然，这已经成为最近三天报道的唯一话题。”根据时间状语“for the last three days”可知此处用现在完成时，故答案为C。for the last three days是本题的关键信息，它多与现在完成时连用。【答案】 C
34．—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
—I'm so sorry. But I________my homework.
A．had done
B．was doing
C．would do
D．am doing
【解析】 题干的意思是：“我无法理解你昨天下午为什么没去听讲座。”“对不起，但是那时我在做作业。”根据语境可知“做作业”是昨天下午举行讲座的那段时间内正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时，由此可知答案为B。【答案】 B
3．Hurry up，kids! The school bus________for us!
A．waits
B．was waiting
C．waited
D．is waiting
【解析】 题干的意思是：孩子们，快点！校车正在等着我们呢！由题中的关键信息Hurry up，kids！可知此处应该用现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在或一直在进行或发生的动作。B、C两项都是过去的时态，所以排除。一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用，所以排除A。【答案】 D
24．I'm calling about the apartment you ________ the other day.Could you tell me more about it?
A．advertised
B．had advertised
C．are advertising
D．will advertise
【解析】 句意：我现在打电话是咨询一下你前几天登广告的那套住房的。你能告诉我有关它的更多信息吗？you ________ the other day为定语从句，由从句中的关键词the other day(前几天)可知从句用过去时。【答案】 A
35．I________to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.
A．come
B．came
C．am coming
D．was coming
【解析】 句意：我打算那天晚些时候来看你，但是我不得不打电话取消。根据语境和come的用法特点可知，此处是过去进行时表示过去将来时。【答案】 D
11．On Monday mornings it usually________me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.
A．takesB．is taking
C．took
D．will take
【解析】 题干的意思是：“虽然只有20英里的实际距离，但是在每周一的早上我通常会花费一个小时的时间开车去上班。”题干中“it takes sb.＋一段时间＋to do”为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。从该句给出的时间状语on Monday mornings可知“在每周一的早上”都是这样的；另外，副词usually也暗示了该动作的反复性，所以此处要用一般现在时态。【答案】 A
17．Jim________a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.
A．watched
B．had watched
C．was watching
D．would be watching
【解析】 题干的意思是：“吉姆在家看一部午夜电影，看到中间一幕惊险的场景时，屏幕上突然出现一片空白。”该句考查be doing...when...结构，意为“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。从后面的动作went blank可知“看电影”发生在过去；并且是当吉姆正在看的时候，所以该题要用过去进行时态，即was watching。【答案】 C32．—So what is the procedure?
—All the applicants________before a final decision is made by the authority.
A．interview
B．are interviewing
C．are interviewed
D．are being interviewed
【解析】 题干的意思是：“那么程序是什么样？”“所有的应征者都被面试后官方才作出最后的决定。”interview与主语applicants之间为动宾关系，故排除A、B两项；并且此处表示的是具体的程序，要用一般现在时，故正确答案为C项。【答案】 C
26．If nothing________， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
A．does
B．had been done
C．will do
D．is done
【解析】 题干的意思是：“如果什么措施都不采取的话，海洋将会变成鱼类的沙漠。”根据“主将从现”的原则，即主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，再根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故答案为D。【答案】 D30．We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
A．had been improved
B．will be improved
C．is improved
D．was improved
【解析】 句意：我们有信心，在为减少污染而付出进一步努力后，环境将会得到改善。根据by our further efforts以及we are confident可知，环境得到改善应该是将来的事情，故用一般将来时的被动语态。【答案】 B
’t me. I didn’t do it.
A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．had cleaned
【答案C考点时态
解析句意看,有人已经打扫了沙发是的,不是我,我没有做过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时2017湖南33. -- I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me? -- Sorry, I ____ the piano for years.
A. don't play B. wasn't playing C. haven't played D. hadn't played
【答案】C
【考查】本题考查动词的时态根据remember, can可知语境为现在，for years得出为从过去到现在，所以用现在完成时态。
2017湖南27. The moment ____ soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously.
A. came B. has come C. was coming D. is coming
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查时态根据soon可知为将来的事情，且是直接引语，应为现在，所以选D，进行时态表将来。
2017湖南25. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____ the door of faith open before you.
A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. are seeing
【答案】C
【考点】本题考查动词的时态。从前一分句为祈使句可知此语境为将来的情况，而且这是一常见句型：“祈使句+and+表将来的句子”。
2017湖南22. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now ____ later in life.
A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词时态和语态。
【解析】从don't可知语境为现在，排除B、D；而later in life可知为将来的动作，故选A。
supplies in the flood-stricken area ______.We must act immediately before there’s left.
A. have run out
B. are running out
C. have been run out
D. are being run out
【答案】B
【解析】分析题干语境可知，食品供应即将耗尽。run out为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动形式，由此可排除C和D两个选项。B选项为现在进行时态，可以表示将来，符合题意。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【2017重庆卷】22.—Kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong?
—Well, I____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.
A. will take
B. took
C. had taken
D. take
【答案】B
【解析】根据答语的后半句可知，现在Kevin正在等待测试的成绩，参加测试为一个过去的动作，应该使用一般过去时态。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【2017辽宁卷】Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I
on Friday.
A.
get paid
B.
got paid
C. have paid
D. had been paid
【答案】A
【解析】在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且I与pay之间是动宾关系，所以选A。
【2017辽宁卷】33. Jack is a great talker.
It’s high time that he
something instead of just talking.
A.
will do
B.
has done
C. do
D. did
【答案】D
【解析】在句型 “It’s high/ very time that…”中， 从句中的谓语动词用did或should do，所以选D项。
【2017辽宁卷】31.
I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I
to Shanghai.
A.
will be flying
B.
will fly
C.
have been flying
D.
have flown
【答案】A
【考点】动词的时态
【解析】at this time tomorrow morning作时间状语，所以用将来进行时，选A项。
【2017四川卷】9.—Did you catch what I said?
—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.
A. had answering
B. have answered
C. would answer
D. was answering
【答案】 【答案】 24.—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?
—I’m sorry, but by then I______ to Beijing. How about five?
A. fly
B. will fly
C. will be flying
D. am flying
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词时态。
【解析】根据问句中的two o’clock和应答句中的by then可知所填词表示的动作在当时正在进行，用将来进行时，选C。
【2017北京卷】22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.
A. gets
B. has got
C. will get
D.is getting
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词时态。
【解析】此处by the time 后接现在时，表示将来之前发生的动作，故用将来时。
【2017北京卷】25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.
A. wouldn’t
B. didn’t
C. hasn’t
D. hadn’t
【答案】B
【解析】前半句的would come是过去将来时，但是仍然发生在过去.
【2017北京卷】29.
—Have you heard about that fire in the market?
— Yes, fortunately no one _____.
A. hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. had been hurt
【答案】B
【考点】考查被动语态。
【解析】发生在过去的被动动作。
【2017北京卷】30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.
A. had developed
B. was developing
C. would develop
D. developed
【答案】 D
【考点】考查动词时态。
【解析】描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去式。
【2017全国II】18. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
【答案解析I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.
A. wouldn’t
B. don’t
C. didn’t
D. won’t
【答案解析’t read them until three later.【A】
were put
B. was put C. put
D. has put
【2017全国新课程】33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers
before my eyes.
A. swim
B. swum
C. swam
D. had swum
【答案解析23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step
”
A. has shown
B. is showing
C. shows
D. showed
【答案解析 A. will leave B. are leaving
C. have left
D. were leaving
【答案解析 A. had started
B. has started
C. started
D. starts
【答案解析A. have sorted
B. was sorting C. am sorting
D. had sorted
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查时态的用法。
【解析】首先根据时间状语this morning知道是发生过的事情，去除A、C两项，然后过去完成时的使用前提是有动作的先后顺序，然而本句指的是“今天早晨我正把从网上下载的阅读材料分类时电脑坏的。”指的是过去正在进行的动作用过去进行时，B项正确。
【2017浙江卷】16.— Alvin, are you coming with us?
— I'd love to, but something unexpected .
A. has come up
B. was coming up
C. had come up D. would come up
【答案】A
【考点】考查现在完成时。
【解析】 根据句意：---艾琳，你要和我们一起去吗？---我想去，但是发生了点意外。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情到现在为止，且对现在造成了一定的影响，符合语境，故答案选Ａ．Ｂ，过去进行时，表示过去某段时间正在进行的的动作或所处的状态；Ｃ，过去完成时表示过去的过去；Ｄ，过去将来时表示过去将来要发生的事情，均不符合语境，故排除。
【2017浙江卷】13.Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
A. had abandoned
B. abandoned C. abandon D. will abandon
【答案】B
【考点】考查一般过去时
【解析】根据but提示，是并列句，故前后时态一致。与had intended相呼应，可知此空应在表示过去时的范围选择，由此排除C、D选项。且abandon动作只是陈述了过去所发生的一件事而已，没有在intend之前，故排除A选项（过去的过去），由此可知答案B符合文意。一般过去时表示对过去所发生的一件事情的简单陈述而已。
【2017江苏卷】 34. The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________.
A. has started
B. starts C. started D. will start
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。根据句意，总统开始上任是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故选C项。
【2017江苏卷】32. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he________ some European partners.
A.
would meet
B. is meeting C. meets D. had met
【答案】D
【考点】动词的时态和语态—过去完成时
【解析】根据句中“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而会面的动作则在arrive的动作之前发生的，即在过去的过去发生的动作，所以用过去完成时，故选D项。
【易错点拨】本题时态选择的关键是根据“is said to have arrived”可知，这一动作发生在过去，因此“会面”这个动作是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时。
【2017安徽卷】35. After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it
.
A. was decorated
B. had decorated
C. had been decorating
D. was being decorated
【答案】D
【解析】it 指代 the reading-room,所以只能用被动，考虑到only to be told 表示结果，所以选择D是自然地了33. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains,
some
of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
A. keeps
B. keep
C. have kept
D. had kept
【答案】A
【2017安徽卷】26. In order to find the missing child , villagers
all they can over the past five hours.
A.
did
B. do
C.
had done
D.
have been doing
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词时态和语态。
【解析】由后面的over the past five hours现在完成时，所以选择D。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”明显不正确。
23】Planing so far ahead
no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
A.made
B.is making
C.makes
D.has made
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示的特征或状态is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。
【2011全国卷,24】I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he
polite.
A.was just being
B.will just be
C.had just been
D.would just be
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasn’t sure表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。
【2011全国卷,29】When Alice came to, she did not know how long she
there.
A.had been lying
B.has been lying
C.was lying
D.has lain
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。
【2011全国卷II,9】If you don't like the drink you
just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered
B. are ordering
C. will order
D. had ordered
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮don't like the drink是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作，因此，用过去时或现在完成时，故选A。
【2011北京卷21】Experiments of this kind
in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
【答案】D
【考点】考查时态和语态首先考虑语态，主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the second war是过去的时间点，before the second war是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。2011北京卷23】Tom
in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
【答案】C
【考点】考动词的时态。句意为在过去的三个月里，Tom每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。题干中出现的over the last three months，明显用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。2011北京卷27】——That must have been a long trip.
——Yeah, it
us a whole week to get there.
A. takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态句意为。题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，A和BD项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此2011北京卷32】——Bob has gone to California.
——Oh, can you tell me when he
?
A. has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。句意为“——Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。——噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。2011天津卷2011天津卷将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态2011上海’m sure you will do better in the test because you
so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied
C. will study
D. have been studying
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句I’m sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year今年，是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作现在完成进行时D。
【2011上海
to test our communicative ability.
A. design
B. are designed
C. are designing D. are being designed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。2011山东卷31】When I got on the bus, I
I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing
B. realized
C. have realized
D. would realize
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当我上了车后，我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home发生在realized之前，前一句When I got on the bus给出的时间起点是过去时，故选B。
【2011山东卷35】She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child
everything!
A. had been eating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。故选B。
【2011江苏卷21】——I hear you
in a pub. what’s it like?
——Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.
A.are working
B.will work
C.were working
D.will be working
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？——咳用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。
【2011江苏卷23】——Tommy is planning to buy a car.
——I know. By next month, he
enough for a used one.
A. saves
B .saved
C.will save
D. will have saved
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“—Tommy将计划买车。—我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成的动作，对将来时间next month产生影响。2011福建卷32】Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they
from China.
A.receive
B.are receiving
C.have received
D.had received
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时，接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选D。
【2011安徽卷 32】——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk?
——I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land
B. has it landed
C. will it land
D. had it landed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——我并没有要这份名单。为什么我的桌子上放着这东西？——这是我刚刚放的，以备你需要。”I didn’t ask for和I put it there just now都表示过去的动作，很有迷惑性，但Why has it landed on my desk？是到说话时为止的情况，名单在桌面上。现在完成时表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作15】The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant
in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave
B. gives
C. was giving
D. had given
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的资讯发布会。幸运的是，一切进展顺利。”was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是过去时，排除B选项。经理担心的时候正是助手举办资讯发布会之时，过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作gave表示过去的动作发生过，这与后面everything was going on smoothly不符，因为事情还在进展中，故选C。
【2011四川卷9】All visitors to this village
with kindness.
A. treat
B. are treated
C. are treating
D. had been treated
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。
【2011四川卷19】——What a mistake!
——Yes. I
his doing it another way, but without success.
A.was suggesting
B.will suggest
C.would suggest
D.had suggested
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——多么严重的错误呀！——是的，我曾经建议他换个方法做，但他没听。”他犯错误发生在过去，我提建议发生在他犯错误之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。这里不是再现当时提建议的情景，故不用was suggesting。选D。
【2011重庆卷21】That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who
the piano upstairs?
A. has played
B. played
C. plays
D. is playing
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴？”在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问，sound用的是现在时，故选D。2011重庆卷31】Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He
to have been praised by the manager just now.
A.seemed
B.seems
C.had seemed
D.is seeming
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。句意为“看Tom脸上骄傲的表情，他似乎刚才受到了经理的表扬。”look at祈使句交代了时间是现在，seem表心理判断，没有进行时态，故选B。2011陕西卷12】His first novel
good reviews since it came out last month.
A.receives
B.is receiving
C.will receive
D.has received
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“他的第一本小说自上个月出版以来受到了好评。”since自从…以来，引导含有过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。故选。
in your hand?
——Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A had you held
B are you holding
C do you hold
D will you hold
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——John，你手里拿的是什么？——看，这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。”两人对话以现在时间为参考点，现在(说话人说话时)正在发生
on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.
A. lands
B. landed
C. has landed
D.had landed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“在1492年，哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛，但他误以为是印度的岛屿。”in 1492是过去时的标志，后面叙述的是在这一年里发生的事情。题目没有明确说明登陆是发生在误解之前的动作，排除DIt is the most instructive lecture that I
since I came to this school.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. am attending
D. have attended
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“自从我到这个学校以来，这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。”since自从…以来，引导过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。选D。
【2011湖南卷,34】 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology
by scientists.
A. are making
B. are made
C. will make
D. will be made
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。
【2011辽宁卷28】I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I
.
A. was doing
B. am doing
C. have done
D. had been doing
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时，时间状语从句用现在时。finish与选项C的have done矛盾，故选B。
【2011辽宁卷34】By the time Jack returned home from England, his son
from college.
A. graduated
B. has graduated
C. had been graduating
D. had graduated
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当杰克从英国返回家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。”by the time到……时候为止，一般与完成时连用。选D。
【2011江西卷30】We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody
into the office during the night.
A.broke
B. had broken
C.has broken
D.was breaking
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我们在早晨到达工作地点发现有人在前一天晚上闯进了办公室。两个时间点有人闯进了办公室我们到达过去的过去，用过去完成时，选B