黑龙江省大庆市2017高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（2）及答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。
【浙江省2017高考英语模拟冲刺卷】A
I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such an attractive and exciting, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.
Many intelligent people still consider happiness equal to fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more lasting emotion.
Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.
I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir (回忆录) after memoir, famous people expose the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun depression, alcoholism (酗酒), drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and extreme loneliness.
Ask an unmarried man why he refuses to get married even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he’s honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment (承诺). For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with babies are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.
The way people stick to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever achieving real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain unavoidably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment and self-improvement.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating (解放) realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time now we can devote more hours to activities that can truly increase our happiness. It liberates money buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
41. According to the passage, which of the following people are more likely to achieve happiness?
A. People living in fun-filled places.
B. People taking pains to raise children.
C. People living a wealthy life.
D. People who are free from responsibility.
42. According to the writer, an important role Hollywood stars have to play is to ______.
A. give audience enough fun
B. write memoirs to introduce their lives
C. tell people what happiness is
D. show unhappiness beneath fun
43. In the writer’s opinion, marriage ______.
A. means responsibility
B. means the end of fun
C. leads to raising children
D. leads to less sleep
44. Many people fail to enjoy real happiness because ______.
A. they believe fun is equal to happiness
B. they get married and have children
C. they don’t have religious beliefs
D. they can’t free themselves from commitment
45. If one understands the nature of happiness, he will ______.
A. stop seeking fun from daily life B. enjoy life by spending all his wealth
C. keep himself with his family D. make more efforts to take responsibilites
Passage A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇关于何为幸福的本质的议论文。作者通过阐述fun与happiness的区别向读者表明了自己对于幸福本质的认识。
41．B．【解析】判断题。结合主题及文中的例子，答案应为B。
42．C．【解析】事实细节题。可从语篇第四段的首句得出答案。
43．A．【解析】推理判断题。可从语篇第五段推知。选项中的responsibility实际上中段中commitment的替代词。
44．A．【解析】推理判断题。可从语篇第七段的首句推知。
45．D．【解析】推理判断题。根据全文及最后一段推知。
社会生活类
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing—they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,”Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS. )
1. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like .
2. Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both .
3. The word “improvements”in paragraph 5 refer to .
4. Retirement may make people happier with .
【参考答案】22、【参考答案】
1. heart disease and high blood pressure
2. mentally and physically
3. the decrease of fatigue and depressive symptoms
4. more of a financial safety net
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【湖北省2017高考英语第二次联考试题】A
The boys crowded in two teams at the front of Charlene Skinner’s class as they thought over the math problem that flashed on the whiteboard. “That’s not right,” one boy said. “It says find the slope,” another boy said, instructing his classmates. Next door, in Room A114, the girls spent five minutes in Justin Anderson’s science class writing down everything they know about DNA. When the assigned time was up, Anderson asked the students to share some of what they noted down. “Nobody’s DNA is alike,” one girl said after raising her hand. “You get it from your parents,” said another.
This is how some lessons are taught at James Gholson Middle School in Prince George’s County: boys in one classroom, girls in another. Advocates argue that separating boys and girls removes distractions (分心) and sex prejudice in the classroom, taking the lead from expensive private schools and boarding schools that have relied on single-sex learning for generations. But opponents say there is little evidence that such separation works, that it can be discriminatory (歧视) and that it doesn’t properly prepare students for a world that is mixed.
Some experts say single-sex classes can break down sex stereotypes (定式), create opportunities for students and improve test scores. Kathy Couture, an education professor at Stetson University in Florida and a board member of the National Association for Single Sex Public Education, said students tend to be more focused on their curriculum and less concerned about impressing or getting attention from the opposite sex. She said girls tend to “dumb themselves down for boys” when they are together in math and science classes.
But a report published last week by the Psychological Bulletin — which reviewed 184 studies to compare the outcomes of learning in single-sex and mixed classrooms — raised questions about whether there are any real advantages to single-sex classrooms.
Janet Hyde, one of the report’s co-authors, said there was no evidence to support the argument that boys do better orally or that girls improve in math and science when in single-sex settings. What is more important is that separating students might not adequately prepare them for college and careers. “One of the major purposes of school is to prepare students for the adult world, and that world is mixed,” Janet Hyde said. “I think we do harm to students by not preparing them for the adult world.”
51. What purpose does the first paragraph serve?
A. To show how boys and girls are taught separately.
B. To show how the students behave in class.
C. To show how the two lessons are different.
D. To show how the class activities are organized.
52. Why does James Gholson Middle School teach students separately?
A. Because single-sex classes are popular in America.
B. Because students may be more concentrated in single-sex classes.
C. Because girls tend to look down upon boys in mixed classes.
D. Because it is a private and expensive school.
53. According to Kathy Couture, what is the disadvantage of a mixed class?
A. Students are not interested in their curriculums.
B. Students may be disturbed by the opposite sex in their study.
C. Girls are often absent from math and science classes.
D. Students have fewer chances to have tests.
54. What is the point of Janet Hyde’s statement on single-sex classes?
A. Single-sex classes do not improve boys’ speaking ability.
B. Single-sex classes lead to worse academic performance.
C. Single-sex classes harm the students in their future study and work.
D. Single-sex classes do not help students’ physical development.
较难题目特训：科普知识类
FILTON, just outside Bristol, is where Britain’s fleet of Concorde supersonic（超音速的）airliners was built. There, something remarkable is being created. Little by little a machine is “printing” a complex titanium bracket (钛合金支架), about the size of a shoe, which normally would have to be cut from a solid block of metal. Brackets are only the beginning. The researchers at Filton have a much bigger ambition: to print the entire wing of an airliner.
Unrealistic as this may seem, many other people are using 3D printing technology to create similarly remarkable things. These include medical implants, jewellery, football boots designed for individual feet, lampshades, racing-car parts, solid-state batteries and customized mobile phones. Some are even making mechanical devices (仪器). At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Peter Schmitt, a PhD student, has been printing something that is like the workings of a grandfather clock. It took him a few attempts to get right, but eventually he removed the plastic clock from a 3D printer, hung it on the wall and pulled down the counterweight. It started ticking.
Engineers and designers have been using 3D printers for more than a decade, but mostly to make original types quickly and cheaply before they embark on the expensive business of tooling up a factory to produce the real thing. As 3D printers have become more able to work with a broader range of materials, including production-grade plastics and metals, the machines are increasingly being used to make final products too. More than 20% of the output of 3D printers is now final products rather than original types, according to Terry Wohlers, who runs a research firm specializing in the field. He predicts that this will rise to 50% by 2020.
72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Filton is in the centre of Bristol.
B. Peter tried to print a clock, but in vain.
C. a remarkable metal bracket is being created.
D. 3D printing technology is available to all of us.
73. The underlined word “embark” probably means “_________”.
A. workB. landC. dependD. fix
74. We can conclude from the last paragraph that __________.
A. Terry Wohlers’ s firm will make great profits
B. the technology of 3D printers will be widely adopted
C. 3D printers have been in use for at least 100 years
D. engineers and designers prefer printing original products
75. The passage is developed mainly in the form of _______.
A. time and events
B. definition and description
C. contrast and conclusion
D. examples and statements
【参考答案】1. 72-75 CABD