Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
Ⅰ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
M：Miss Dermott, let me ask you straight away. Do you think, within a few years, many people could be working at home instead of working in __1__？
W：Oh, yes. It's happening now. You see, the communication industry __2__(make) much progress in the last ten years.
M：And how do these people manage to work? I mean, what equipment do they have at home?
W：Well, they have a television set, a computer, a printer, and a telephone __3__(connect) with other computers.
M：Oh, I see.__4__ surely there're some advantages in being able to work at home.
W：Yes. __5__ at home, people don't have to spend a lot of time getting to and back from their work places. The rush hours are the time of day with the __6__(slow) traffic. Millions of people have to get up early to avoid the rush hours.
M：Ah, yes, I see. What do you think about the conditions of home workers?
W：Oh, let me tell you __7__ might become of them. In the future a British firm in, for example, London，__8__ employ clerks in Belfast, or a Paris company could have their secretaries in Spain, and then __9__ just use a telephone to call around for __10__ labor.
答案 1.offices 2.has made 3.connected 4.But
5．Working 6.slowest 7.what 8.might 9.they
10．the
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：
夹叙夹议 话题：
感染他人 词数：314 难度：
★★★ 建议用时：
16分钟
A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet with __1__ lace edges.On the glass partition that __2__the driver's seat was a copy of a famous painting.Its windows were all clean.The customer was very much __3__ and said to the driver，“I've never seen a nicer __4__.”“Thank you for your praise.”the driver answered __5__.
“The car isn't mine，”said the driver.“It belongs to the company.I used to be a __6__ of cabs.When they returned，all of them were as __7__ as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish __8__ here and there.On the seats and doorhandles could be found something __9__ like peanut sauce or，chewing gum.Why so？I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most __10__ be considerate and refrain from littering.”
“So when I got a__11__ to be a taxidriver，I began to __12__ my idea into practice—to tidy and __13__the car.Now before a new passenger gets on my car，I'd make a check and be sure it is in good order.When my car __14__ after a day's work，it always remains __15__.”
When doing a thing，one makes efforts and wants to see the result.To change others，one has to make twice the __16__but get half the result.To change oneself is the other way round—more fruit with less effort.One had better ask oneself why one makes __17__on others much more than on oneself.__18__ you take enough care to do as best you can for other people's sake，your efforts will yield results.If you __19__ the inner world of your own，examine yourself and wipe out the dust and dirt，instead of fixing your eyes on other people，you will find a cheerful __20__ for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others.
【解题导语】 出租车司机自己把车里车外打扫得一尘不染，并且装饰了一番，这样避免了乘客乘车乱扔垃圾。这就告诉我们：要想改变别人，就要先为他人着想，这样才能得到你想要的结果。
1．A.ugly
B．exciting
C．brilliant
D．favorite
答案 C [既然羊毛地毯的花边能吸引到乘客，肯定颜色鲜艳(brilliant)，并且下文也提到窗明几净。]
2．A.separated
B．covered
C．protected
D．prevented
答案 A [司机的座位和乘客之间用玻璃或其他物体隔开。所以separate符合语境。]
3．A.moved
B．annoyed
C．disappointed
D．surprised
答案 D [毛毯好看，隔离带是一幅名画，而且窗明几净，顾客当然会感到惊奇(surprised)。]
4．A.seat
B．carpet
C．garage
D．cab
答案 D [根据上文“A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet...”可知cab就是指taxi。]
5．A.suddenly
B．smilingly
C．hopefully
D．doubtfully
答案 B [听到乘客赞扬，司机面带微笑地(smilingly)表示感谢。]
6．A.driver
B．cleaner
C．repairer
D．customer
答案 B [依据第3段第1句可知后来主人公当了司机。既然每天等司机们的车回来，能看到车内的情况，最有可能是清洁工(cleaner)。]
7．attractive
B．pleasant
C．dirty
D．clean
答案 C [由下文“garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish”可知车内和垃圾桶一样脏，故选C项。]
8．A.spread
B．extended
C．dotted
D．left
答案 D [with cigarette butts and rubbish left意为“烟头和垃圾丢得(left)到处都是”。]
9．A.funny
B．busy
C．sticky
D．clumsy
答案 C [句意：在座位和门的把手上黏着(sticky)一些像是花生酱和口香糖的东西。]
10．A.likely
B．willingly
C．extremely
D．regularly
答案 A [句意：如果我把车内收拾干净，乘客就有可能(likely)为我考虑，控制自己不扔垃圾。]
11．A.permit
B．license
C．certificate
D．passport
答案 B [要想成为一位司机，驾照(license)是必不可少的。]
12．A.put
B．take
C．make
D．get
答案 A [put...into practice是固定短语，意为“把……付诸实践”。]
13．A.provide
B．drive
C．decorate
D．describe
答案 C [由第1段可知带花边的毛毯和名画都属于装饰，所以decorate符合语境。]
14．A.speeds
B．leaves
C．arrives
D．returns
答案 D [句意：当我开了一天车回来(returns)时，车内依然一尘不染(spotless)。]
15．A.spotless
B．pretty
C．bright
D．dirty
答案 A [见上题解析。]
16．A.progress
B．effort
C．attempt
D．trial
答案 B [为了改变别人，自己要付出双倍努力，但效果却只有一半。make efforts/make an effort“作出努力”。]
17．A.suggestions
B．comments
C．demands
D．decisions
答案 C [句意：有人会问为什么一个人总对别人提出的要求(demands)比自己的多呢。make demands on sb“对某人提出要求”。]
18．A.Though
B．While
C．As
D．If
答案 D [句意：如果(If)你为别人着想，尽心尽力去做事，就会收到成果。]
19．A.look into
B．look for
C．look up
D．look through
答案 A [句意：如果你看一下自己的内心世界，自我反省，揭去“灰尘”和“污垢”，而不是盯着别人的缺点，你就可以让自己心情(mood)愉悦，并且为别人营造宜人的环境。look into“往里面看”。]
20．A.spirit
B．mood
C．mind
D．sense
答案 B [见上题解析。]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
体裁：
说明文 话题：
产品介绍 词数：326 难度：
★★★ 建议用时：
6分钟
(2017·福建，B)Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone，and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can't wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.
“I'd use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a．m.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，” said Walter Choo,40，of Fort Greene.
The smartphonelike glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600，the Times said，possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings.So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.
“As far as a mainstream consumer product，this just isn't something anybody needs，” said Sam Biddle，who writes for Gizmodo.com.“We're accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，” he added，“and the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device(装置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”
9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphonelike glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.
“It's just like smartphones 10 years ago，” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and it's unnatural，” he said.“There's gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”
【解题导语】 文章介绍了一款新的像智能手机一样的眼镜，这款眼镜现在普通消费者还买不起，但是也有人认为在未来它会像现在的手机一样普及。
1．One of the possible functions of the smartphonelike glasses is to ________.
A．program the opening hours of a bar
B．supply you with a picture of the future
C．provide information about your surroundings
D．update the maps and GPS in your smartphones
答案 C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“...possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings.”可知，C项正确。]
2．The underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．
A．develop rapidly
B．get round quickly
C．appear immediately
D．go over automatically
答案 C [词义猜测题。由划线词所在句“So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions...”可猜测pop up为“突然出现”的意思。]
3．According to Sam Biddle，the smartphonelike glasses are ________.
A．necessary for teenagers
B．attractive to New Yorkers
C．available to people worldwide
D．expensive for average consumers
答案 D [细节理解题。由第四段第二句“...the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device (装置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”可知这种新产品价格高，普通消费者负担不起，所以答案为D项。]
4．We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphonelike glasses ________.
A．may have a potential market
B．are as common as smartphones
C．are popular among young adults
D．will be improved by a new technology
答案 A [推理判断题。由第五段中的“...he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.”和第六段最后一句“‘There's gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.'”可知，这种眼镜有潜在的市场。只有A项符合语境。]
B
体裁：
议论文 话题：
工作方式 词数：374 难度：
★★★ 建议用时：
8分钟
Multitasking
(2017·北京，D篇)People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests.The findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and
can't focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David
Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive (冲动)they were.They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity, but because they're distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous.”
【解题导语】 一项新的研究表明很多人多项任务同时处理不是出于提高创造性，而是因为他们容易分心而不能专注于一项活动中去，并且事实证明那些人在处理不同情况方面很糟糕。
5．The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask ________.
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．are more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
答案 D [细节理解题。文章第一段第二句“And those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things”及文章第四段第二句“But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.”知选答案D项。]
6．When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they________.
A．assessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．analyzed the effects of the participants' tricky mental tasks
D．measured the changes of the students' understanding ability
答案 A [细节理解题。文章第二段第二句“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that...”，知他们评价学生的多项任务处理能力，而不是其它能力，故选A项。]
7．According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their ________.
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
答案 C [细节理解题。文章第一段第二句及第四段知人们多项任务处理是因为他们不能专注于一项任务之上，故选C项。]
8．From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually________.
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for difficult tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior
答案 C [细节理解题。文章最后一段第二句“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”可知多项任务处理者们通常对潜在危险不能迅速作出反应。故选C项。]
C
体裁：
议论文 话题：
学习方法 词数：306 难度：
★★★ 建议用时：
7分钟
Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but over learn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for one's future development.
【解题导语】 有些东西我们学过之后就永生难忘，而有些东西则恰恰相反。文章解释了原因，称这是过度学习和突击学习两种不同学习方法所导致的结果。
9．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B．Children have a better memory than grownups.
C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D．Stories for children are easy to remember.
答案 A [主旨大意题。根据文章的首句“Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since”可知选A项。]
10．The author explains the law of overlearning by ________.
A．presenting research findings
B．setting down general rules
C．making a comparison
D．using examples
答案 D [推理判断题。结合文章内容可以看出作者通过举例子的方法来证明自己的观点，故答案为D项。]
11．According to the author，being able to use multiplication tables is
________.
A．a result of overlearning
B．a special case of cramming
C．a skill to deal with math problems
D．a basic step towards advanced studies
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第4段最后一句话中的“...because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood”可知答案为A项。]
12．What is the author's opinion on cramming?
A．It leads to failure in college exams.
B．It's helpful only in a limited way.
C．It's possible to result in poor memory.
D．It increases students' learning interest.
答案 B [推理判断题。由最后一段中的“By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned”可以看出作者认为突击学习的作用极其有限，往往只是为了应付考试。]
. 书面表达
你校校门口在上学和放学时间经常出现交通拥堵的现象，这给全校师生和路人带来极大的不便。为了确保学校门口正常的交通秩序，你校英文报向学生征集解决交通拥堵的良策。假设你是高三学生李华，请你用英语就此事给校报编辑写一封信，信中应包括以下内容：
1．写信的目的；
2．分析学校门口拥堵的原因；
3．提出2～3点建议。
注意：词数100左右(开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数)。
Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua，a student from Grade 3.I am writing to discuss the traffic problem near our school gate.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I do hope there will be fewer traffic jams near our school gate.
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
I_am_Li_Hua，a_student_from_Grade_3.I_am_writing_to_discuss_the_traffic_problem_near_our_school_gate.
With so many parents coming to pick up their children，traffic jams are frequent near the school gate，which has caused a lot of inconvenience to us.
In order to avoid traffic jams，I strongly recommend some effective measures be taken.First，we should encourage students to ride a bicycle or walk to school instead of taking a car，which not only avoids traffic jams，but also builds up students' health.It is also a good idea to allow junior students to leave school 10 minutes earlier than others，which will surely make the street less crowded.Besides，cars should not be allowed to park in front of the school gate.
I_do_hope_there_will_be_fewer_traffic_jams_near_our_school_gate.
Yours，
Li_Hua