一、单项填空
1．—I heard that eight Chinese peacekeepers died in Haiti Earthquake.
—Yes，______ news came as ______shock to us.
A．the；the B．a；the
C．the；a
D．/；a
解析：考查冠词用法。句意：——我听说有八位中国的维和部队队员在海地地震中丧生。——是的，那个消息传来时我们都惊呆了。 第一个空特指“那条消息”用定冠词the；第二个空shock此处是可数名词，a shock表示“大吃一惊”。
答案：C
2．An actor cannot well play the role without life experience ______ more than a dancer can make a difference without much practice.
A．any
B．no
C．not
D．much
解析：any和前面的not构成“not any more than＝no more than”短语，意思是“和……一样不”。句意：一个没有生活经验的演员和没有大量实践的舞蹈演员一样，不会扮演好自己的角色。
答案：A
3．—What time do you think is convenient for our next meeting?
—You make ______.______ day is all the same to me.
A．one；One
B．it；Any
C．that；Some
D．this；Another
解析：考查代词。You make it.“你确定吧。”；any day“随便哪一天。”答语句意：你来确定吧，随便哪一天对我来说都一样。
答案：B
4．A new city will be set up ______ was a wasteland after the earthquake.
A．in what
B．where
C．in which
D．there
解析：句意：一座新的城市在地震后的荒地上建了起来。set up in“在某地建起”，what引导的从句作介词in的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。此题考生易错选C项，因为前面没有先行词，故不是定语从句。
答案：A
5．—You can’t finish typing it in less than an hour?
—______.
A．Yes，I’m sure I can
B．No，hardly
C．Sorry，I can’t
D．I don’t think I can
解析：问句是一个否定疑问句，回答该用Yes或No开头，B项结构不完整，其完整形式应该是：No，I can hardly finish typing it.。句意：——你不能在不足一个小时的时间把它打完吗？——不，我肯定能打完。
答案：A
6．The girl shouted “Go out ______ I call the police！”
A．or
B．and
C．until
D．before
解析：考查连词。句意：那个女孩大声喊道：“在我还没有叫警察之前请你出去。”即：“再不快滚我叫警察了。”考查before引导的时间状语从句，call用了一般现在时态表示将来。选项A是陷阱，call改为will call才选A项。
答案：D
7．There was a financial crisis case last year where the stock price reduced to 45%，causing people to be ______.
A．in vain
B．in sympathy
C．at risk
D．at a loss
解析：考查介词短语辨析。根据句意：股票价格下降到了45%，致使很多人都蒙受了损失。可知at a loss“亏损”符合语境。
答案：D
8．—Do you know Mr.Johnson has been ill for days?
—Yes，I wonder if he is ______ better now.
A．some
B．much
C．any
D．no
解析：考查形容词比较级的修饰语。答语句意：他是病了，我不知道他好点了没有。any better意为“好了一点”，符合语境。much better，no better虽符合语法，但都不符合该题语境。
答案：C
9．—Excuse me.Is Johnson living here?
—I’m sorry，but he ______ lives here.
A．no more
B．no longer
C．not more
D．not longer
解析：考查短语在语境中的运用。根据语境“他已经不住在这里了”可知，用no longer“不再”表示动作不再延续。
答案：B
10．—Do you still remember______the professor came?
—Sure.It was just by train rather than by plane，I think.
A．when it was that
B．how it was that
C．why was it that
D．how was it that
解析：考查强调句。此处特殊疑问句的强调句作动词remember的宾语从句，根据答语中的by train rather than by plane可知问的是来的方式，宾语从句用陈述语序。
答案：B
11．Keep your ears and hearts open ______ you can experience the great joy that friendship can bring.
A．even though
B．so that
C．as if
D．as long as
解析：考查连词的选择。句意：只要你敞开心扉，你就能体验友谊带来的无穷乐趣。后半句是前半句的结果，因此用连词so that。
答案：B
12．Do what you think is right，______they say.
A．however
B．whatever
C．whichever
D．for all
解析：本题考查whatever引导状语从句。首先排除D项，for all不能引导从句，A项和C项可以引导从句，但意思不符合。B项引导让步状语从句，在从句中做say的宾语，符合句意。
答案：B
13．—You’d better give up smoking.Smoking is the biggest preventable ______ of lung cancer.
—I just can’t give it up，however hard I try.
A．reason
B．excuse
C．cause
D．result
解析：考查名词辨析。cause表示引起某事的“起因，原因”，常与of搭配；reason用来陈述某事的理由，常与for搭配；excuse表示所找的借口；result表示事情的结果。
答案：C
14．You may have remembered this word，but it doesn’t ______ mean that you have mastered the use of it.
A．essentially
B．simply
C．necessarily
D．purposefully
A
Aquaponics(生态水培技术)is the idea of producing vegetables and fish in the same closed system.It combines aquaculture，or fish farming，with hydroponics，a way to grow plants without soil.Supporters see aquaponics as a way to increase world food supplies and reduce climate change，groundwater pollution and overfishing.
Sylvia Bernstein says the idea is as old as nature，“Aquaponics is really a recirculating wetland system，so it’s happening right on the banks of our lakes.”
Ms Bernstein grew plants in water with a chemical fertilizer(化肥)for years.Then she discovered she could use wastewater from fish to grow organic vegetables and fruit.
That was three years ago.Ms Bernstein built her first system with her son outside her home in Boulder，Colorado.Today she raises tilapia and trout.She feeds them once a day.Her plants grow in containers.There are no weeds in her aquaponics garden，and no need to worry about watering.
Ms Bernstein started her own business called the Aquaponics Source.She has a YouTube channel，teaches aquaponics at the Denver Botanic Gardens and recently published a book.
Aquaponics farmer James Godsil says the Internet is helping many aquaponic gardeners connect and learn from one another.Three years ago，Mr Godsil helped create an aquaponics farm in Milwaukee，Wisconsin，called Sweet Water Organics.In 2010，he helped establish a foundation.
“The Sweet Water Foundation was devoted to globalizing the information and the methods required to advance this very Earthfriendly food production system，which only uses about ten percent of the water normal farming does.It’s all natural.”Mr Godsil is traveling to other countries to teach aquaponics.
Subra Mukherjee is with a group in Kolkata，India，called the Society for Appropriate Rural Technology for Sustainability.The group is working with the foundation to develop aquaponics in a community in West Bengal with poor soil conditions for growing food.
“So I believe technologies like aquaponics are ideal for these kinds of situations.We can actually bring it right into the middle of slums(贫民窟)in the cities.So it becomes a very good model for urban and villagebased communities，”Mukherjee said.
3．What does Mukherjee think about using aquaponics in some Indian cities?
A．Unpredictable.
B．Impossible.
C．Questionable.
D．Suitable.
解析：推理判断题。根据末段So I believe technologies like aquaponics are ideal for these kinds of situations.We can actually bring it...in the cities可推断，答案为D项。
答案：D
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The future of agriculture.
B．Aquaponics and its development.
C．The Sweet Water Foundation.
D．Aquaponics farms around the world.
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了生态水培技术和这种技术在全世界的发展，故答案为B项。
答案：B
B
We have all heard these words：“just put on a happy face”or“turn that frown upside down”．Can the simple act of smiling actually make us feel better?
Our face is formed by a variety of rather thin bones.The muscles that attach to these bones become smaller when we are happy or when we want to laugh.The resulting facial expression is universally recognized as a smile and indicates our positive emotional status.Sometimes，people present fake (假的)smiles.
But how does the brain achieve both types of smiles using the same facial muscles？It all depends upon which part of the brain starts the smile.If the brain’s dopamine neurons(多巴胺能神经元)start the smile，then the smile looks sincere.If the brain’s motor cortex starts the smile，in other words，if we are consciously willing ourselves to smile，then a slightly different set of facial muscles are activated.It can be difficult to describe precisely how real and fake smiles differ，but we are all very capable at knowing the difference.But can forcing yourself to smile produce the same kinds of good feelings as a real smile does?
Anything that prompts the release of dopamine in the brain brings pleasure.For example，cocaine and coffee both release dopamine in the brain.The release of dopamine in the front half of our brain is accompanied by a real smile.But can this process be reversed？What about putting on that happy face？Can the simple act of smiling bring pleasure？Yes.
When we smile，fake or real，the contraction of the facial muscles slightly distorts(扭曲)the shape of the thin facial bones.This slight distortion in their shape leads to an increase in blood flow into the brain and then increases the release of dopamine.As a result，walking around all day with a smile on your face will make your mood happier.Not only will you be happier but your smile might lead to the release of dopamine in someone else’s brain—now that truly shows the power of a smile.
真笑和假笑都能给我们带来快乐。
5．When we smile sincerely，______.
A．bones in our face become thin
B．muscles in the face become smaller
C．the brain’s dopamine neurons stop working
D．the brain’s motor cortex starts to work
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段The muscles that attach to these bones become smaller when we are happy or when we want to laugh可知，答案为B项。
答案：B
6．The underlined word“prompts”in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by“______”．
A. causes
B．charges
C．controls
D．reduces
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段The release of dopamine in the front half of our brain is accompanied by a real smile可推断，prompt意为“引起”，故答案为A项。
答案：A
7．What can we conclude from the passage?
A．Real and fake smiles are started by the same part of the brain.
B．It’s hard to know the difference between real and fake smiles.
C．We can’t affect the release of dopamine in others’ brain.
D．We should try to smile even though we are not very happy.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段What about putting on that happy face？Can the simple act of smiling bring pleasure？Yes.和末段内容可推断，答案为D项。
答案：D