2017高考英语一轮语法对点讲练:11 形容词、副词-查字典英语网
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2017高考英语一轮语法对点讲练:11 形容词、副词

发布时间:2017-04-12  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  语法对点讲练十一 形容词、副词

  一、形容词与副词的比较等级

  知识点讲解

  1.原级

  ①as+原级+as+比较对象,表示对比双方在性质、程度、特征方面相等或相似。

  特别提示 

  ②“as ... as”结构有时不用来表示两者的比较,而是用来描述同一个人或物的特性。

  We will help you as well as we can.

  Take as many apples as you like.

  I'm happy as long as you are happy.

  ③not+as/so+原级+as+比较对象,表示“……不如……”。

  2.比较级

  ④比较级+than+比较对象,表示“比……更”。no与比较级连用表示“一样不……”。

  ⑤比较级+比较级,表示“越来越……”。

  ⑥the+比较级...,the+比较级...,表示“越……,越……”。

  ⑦the+比较级+of the two+名词,表示“两者中较……的一个”。

  特别提示 more than以下用法不是比较级:

  ⑧more than=over,意为“超出”。

  We have more than 2,000 books now.

  ⑨more than=very,意为“很;非常”。

  I was more than a little angry.

  ⑩more than意为“不仅”。

  His report is more than a survey.

  more ... than ...意为“与其……不如……”。

  You are more lucky than bright.

  某些以­ior结尾的形容词,如superior, senior等,后边与to搭配,表示比较。

  3.倍数表达法

  倍数+as+原级+as+比较对象,表示“……是……的几倍”。

  倍数+比较级+than+比较对象,表示“……比……大/高/多几倍”。

  倍数+the size/height/length/width+of+比较对象。

  4.最高级

  the+最高级+比较范围,表示“……是……中最……的”。

  be one of/among the+最高级+复数名词+比较范围,表示“……是……中最……之一”。

  Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.

  特殊疑问词+...+the+最高级,A, B or C?用于三者或以上的比较。

  Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada?

  5.比较级表达最高级意义

  “否定词+比较级”或“否定词+so ... as”结构表示最高级意义。

  Nothing is easier than this.=Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is the easiest thing except this.

  “比较级+than+any other+单数名词/anyone else/anything else”表达最高级意义。

  Bamboo has many more uses than any other plant in the world.

  “never ... such+名词”表达最高级意义。

  I have never seen such a beautiful scene.

  “否定词+不定冠词+比较级+名词”表示最高级意义。

  I have never seen a better picture.

  对点训练

  完成下列小题,并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①~)

  1.(2017·江西卷)There are a small number of people involved, possibly ________ twenty.

  A. as few as

  B. as little as

  C. as many as

  D. as much as

  答案 __A__ 知识点 __①__

  解析 句意:有少量的人被卷入了,可能有20个。由a small number of people可知用as few as。

  2.(2017·湖南六校联考)Nothing is ________ to defeat you when you often assess yourself negatively.

  A. easy

  B. more easily

  C. much easier

  D. the easiest

  答案 __C__ 知识点 ____

  解析 句意:没有什么东西比对自己消极地评价更容易打败自己。这是一个形容词比较级的句式,much可修饰比较级, C项正确。B项是副词的比较级形式。

  3.(2017·北京东城区练习二)The previous owner wanted as much as $60,000 for the car, but it was ________ I could go.

  A. so high as

  B. the highest

  C. as high as

  D. higher than

  答案 __D__ 知识点 __④__

  解析 由but一词可知,比“我”能出的价格要高,故应用形容词的比较级。A、C两项为同级比较, B项为最高级,只有D项正确。

  4.(2017·甘肃三模)As a rough estimate, Nigeria is ________ Great Britain.

  A. three times the sizes as

  B. the size three times of

  C. three times as the size of

  D. three times the size of

  答案 __D__ 知识点 ____

  解析 倍数表达正确的结构是:A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B。D项正确。

  5.(2017·安徽卷)It's said that the power plant is now ________ large as what it was.

  A. twice as

  B. as twice

  C. twice much

  D. much twice

  答案 __A__ 知识点 ____

  解析 这道题的关键信息词是题干中的“large as”和选项中的“twice as”,通过关键信息词不能看出,这道题的考查点是形容词倍数表达法,即“倍数+as+原级+as”,其中第一个as是副词,应放在形容词large的前面,而表示倍数的twice要放在第一个as的前面,构成“twice as large as what it was”,第二个as是连词,后接从句what it was。

  6.(2017·辽宁卷)This is by far ________ movie that I have ever seen.

  A. an inspiring

  B. a much inspiring

  C. the most inspiring

  D. the more inspiring

  答案 __C__ 知识点 ____

  解析 句意:这是一部到目前为止我曾看过的最令人鼓舞的电影。by far“迄今为止;远;非”,常用来修饰比较级和最高级。结合句意选项C正确。

  7.(2017·洛阳统考)The lion is not ________ we have imagined. Sometimes it is kind and friendly to people.

  A. as a fierce animal as

  B. so fierce an animal that

  C. so fierce an animal as

  D. as a fierce animal that

  答案 __C__ 知识点 __③__

  解析 在同级比较句式中,否定式用not so或as+形容词原级+as构成。形容词后面跟单数名词时,将形容词提前,放在so或as后面,a或an的位置不变。

  8.At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, ________.

  A. the more I became confused

  B. I became confused more

  C. the more confused I became

  D. the more confused did I become

  答案 __C__ 知识点 __⑥__

  解析 句意:起初我以为我明白了老师所说的话,但他越解释我就越迷惑了。该题是“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构,表示“越……越……”。

  9.It took ________ supplies to construct these energy­saving houses. It took brains too.

  A. other than

  B. more than

  C. rather than

  D. less than

  答案 __B__ 知识点 __⑩__

  解析 more than“不仅是;不只是”,符合句意。other than“除了;只能是;不同于”; rather than“与其……倒不如;不是……而是;而不是”; less than“不及;少于”。

  10.Although he was disabled, he tried to lead ________ as possible.

  A. as normal a life

  B. so normal a life

  C. as a normal life

  D. so a normal life

  答案 __A__ 知识点 __②__

  解析 as ... as有时不是用来比较,而是用来描述同一个人的特征。as normal a life as possible“尽可能正常的生活”。

  11.— What do you think of the blind man?

  — I've never seen a man with ________ sense of touch.

  A. the better

  B. the best

  C. a good

  D. a better

  答案 __D__ 知识点 ____

  解析 答语句意:他是我见到的最有触觉的盲人。never与比较级连用表示最高级的含义。表示“一个……样的”用a不用the, the better用于两者中“更好的一个”,故排除A项。

  12.The black horse is ________ of the pair.

  A. the stronger

  B. the strongest

  C. strong

  D. stronger

  答案 __A__ 知识点 __⑦__

  解析 当特指两者中“较/更……的”时,比较级前通常要用定冠词,此时可视为比较级后省略了有关的名词或代词one。

  13.After they compared the two, they find this design was ________ that one.

  A. more superior to

  B. far superior than

  C. more superior than

  D. far superior to

  答案 __D__ 知识点 ____

  解析 superior“更好的;更强的;更有效的”,表示“比……更……”,与to连用,没有比较级形式,为加强程度用far修饰。

  二、比较等级的注意事项

  知识点讲解

  1.比较等级的修饰语

  ①much, even, still, far, a lot, a great deal, twice, any, by far, a little, rather等可以修饰比较级。

  ②much, far, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like和序数词等可以修饰最高级。

  2.比较级一般不加冠词,但在下列情况下,比较级前要加the

  ③表示两者选择,比较级后有被修饰的名词。

  Who is the younger one, Lily or Lucy?

  ④有of the two结构表示比较范围时。

  Of the two jobs, he chose the harder.

  ⑤在the more ... the more结构中。

  3.无比较等级的形容词

  ⑥excellent, extreme, perfect等表示“最高程度”的形容词无比较等级。

  4.最高级的省略

  ⑦最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词常省略。

  New York Harbour is the loveliest at night perhaps.

  ⑧作状语的副词最高级前可以不用the。

  Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.

  ⑨最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时,最高级前不用the。

  Hainan is China's second largest island.

  ⑩两个最高级修饰同一名词时,后一个最高级不用the。

  He is the youngest and tallest boy in his class.

  有时最高级用来加强语气,作“很;非常;十分”之意讲时,不用the。

  The book is most interesting.

  最高级作宾补时不用the。

  I found it most difficult to get to sleep.

  在一些固定用法中,最高级前常不用the。

  With best wishes for you.

  对点训练

  完成下列小题,并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①~)

  1.(新课标卷)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much ________.

  A. the best

  B. best

  C. better

  D. the better

  答案 __D__ 知识点 __①__

  解析 句意:结果如何对我们来说并不是很重要,不过如果我们真的赢了,那就更好了。so much the better“(那)就更好了”,为习惯搭配。so much the worse“就更糟了”。

  2.This pair of shoes doesn't look good, but that pair is ________ better, I think.

  A. rather

  B. less

  C. even

  D. hardly

  答案 __D__ 知识点 __①__

  解析 句意:这双鞋看上去不好,但是那双未必更好。hardly“几乎不;未必”,符合句意。

  3.Of the two, I would prefer ________ camera, which is very easy for me to carry.

  A. a small

  B. a smaller

  C. the small

  D. the smaller

  答案 __D__ 知识点 __④__

  解析 从of the two可知是两个, the与比较级连用表示“两者中之最……”。

  4.Retirement is obviously a very complex adjustment period and ________ you start planning for it, the better.

  A. earlier

  B. earliest

  C. the earliest

  D. the earlier

  答案 __D__ 知识点 __⑤__

  解析 句意:退休期间明显地是一个很艰难的调整期,你为之计划得越早就越好。the earlier ... the better“越早……越好”。这个句式是指一方随着另一方的程度而发生变化。表示“越……越……”。

  5.China's population of one and a third billion is currently the world's ________. India is the second at 1.2 billion.

  A. largest

  B. biggest

  C. greatest

  D. most

  答案 __A__ 知识点 __⑦__

  解析 population作主语时,表示人口多用large,表示人口少用small。句意:十三亿多中国人口是当今世界上人口最多的,印度是第二个人口最多的国家,十二亿。

  三、形容词、副词的其他注意事项

  知识点讲解

  1.形容词的几个注意事项

  ①形容词作状语时,表示伴随或说明主语所处的状态,并不表达动作的方式。

  He went to bed, tired and hungry.

  ②can not/never与enough/too连用,表示“再……也不过分;越……越好”。

  You can never be too careful to study.

  ③形容词如alive, asleep, awake, afraid, alone, worth当作定语时常后置。

  The baby still asleep might be awake very soon.

  ④形容词在修饰something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody等不定代词时后置。

  There is something wrong with my bike.

  ⑤形容词后有介词短语时,必须放在名词后面。

  He is a student worthy of praise.

  ⑥形容词后有不定式时,必须放在名词后面。

  This is a problem difficult to solve.

  ⑦多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序是:限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)+数词(基数词、序数词)+描绘性形容词+国籍、出处+物质、材料+用途、类别+名词。

  a beautiful white Chinese military jeep

  2.同根副词

  ⑧high; highly

  high“高地”,指具体高度; highly“高度地”,指抽象的“高”,表示程度。

  ⑨wide; widely

  wide“宽地;宽阔地”,表示具体的空间宽度; widely“广泛地;范围广地;大大地”,表示抽象意义。

  ⑩deep; deeply

  deep“深地”,表示具体的空间深度; deeply“深深地”,表示感情上的深度。

  hard; hardly

  hard“努力地;艰苦地”; hardly“几乎不;简直不”。

  close; closely

  close“接近;靠近地”,指距离; closely“严密地;仔细地”,表示抽象意义。

  late; lately

  late“晚;迟”,指具体的时间晚了,迟了; lately“近来;最近;前不久”。

  most; mostly

  most“十分;非常;很”;mostly“大部分地;主要地”。

  对点训练

  完成下列小题,并指出考查上述哪个知识点(①~)

  1.(2017·贵州六校第二次联考)When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, ________.

  A. nervously and puzzled

  B. nervous and puzzling

  C. nervous and puzzled

  D. nervously and puzzling

  答案 __C__ 知识点 __①__

  解析 形容词可以用作状语,用来说明主语的情况。后缀为­ed的形容词常用来形容人,­ing的形容词常用于修饰事物。本题C项正确。

  2.(2017·山东实验中学二模)You can never be ________ careful; the road is icy and slippery.

  A. very

  B. too

  C. quite

  D. rather

  答案 __B__ 知识点 __②__

  解析 “can never be too+形容词”结构表示“再……也不过分”,为固定句型。本题选择B项。

  3.The ________ house looks as if it hasn't been lived in for years.

  A. little white wooden

  B. little wooden white

  C. white wooden little

  D. wooden white little

  答案 __A__ 知识点 __⑦__

  解析 选项中little表示尺寸大小, white表示颜色, wooden表示材料,此处应为“这座小的白色的木制的房子”。

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