Unit3 Travel journal
1、prefer vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1)Her new husband is really the new Marquis, but he prefers to live unknown in England.
(2)Which do you prefer,_classical music or pop music?
根据语义找匹配：A. 喜欢
B. 宁愿
(1) B (2) A
preference n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱
give preference to sb. /sth. 给……以优惠；优待
in preference to sb. /sth. 而不是prefer ＋ 名词 喜欢
prefer doing sth. 喜欢做某事(习惯性、经常性的动作)
prefer to do sth. 喜欢做某事(具体、一次性的动作)
prefer A to B 喜欢A，不喜欢B
prefer doing A to doing B/prefer to do A rather than do B 喜欢做A，不喜欢做Bprefer sb. to do sth. 愿意让某人做某事
would prefer to do sth. 愿意做某事
would prefer that ＋ sb. ＋ (should) do sth. 愿意让某人做某事 (从句使用虚拟语气)单项填空
()(1) Rather than go shopping, I prefer______ at home, sleeping.
A. stay
B. to stay
C. staying
D. stayed
B 考查prefer的句式搭配。prefer to do rather than do表示“宁愿做A而不愿做B”，所以答案是B。()(2) — Which do you ______ better, coffee or tea?
— Both.
A. prefer
B. like
C. choose
D. have
B 考查prefer 与like的区别。在这一句式中，是prefer还是like，取决于其后是否有better或best，有就用like；没有，就用prefer, 所以答案是B。
2、travel n．&vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) If I had a lot of money, I'd travel.
(2) We traveled by train across Eastern Europe.
(3) I traveled Europe from Sweden to Italy by bike. 根据语义找匹配：A. 旅行 B. 游历 C. 游遍
(1) A (2) B (3) C
travels n. (用复数形式)游记
traveled adj. 游客多的
traveler n. 旅行者；游客
traveling n. 巡回演出；adj. 旅行用的travel agency 旅行社 travel agent 旅行代理人
traveling bag 旅行袋
traveling salesman 旅行推销员
business travel 出差
foreign travel 国外旅行
party travel 团体旅行
world travel 环球旅行
voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
voyage指海上旅行；
journey指较远的从一地到另一地旅行；也指“历程”或表示有比喻意义的旅行，如人生之旅；
travel指一系列的旅行，特别指没有目的地的旅行，也指旅行概念；
trip指短途旅行；
tour是为了公务娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行或“周游”。用voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour填空
(1)We went on a trip to the mountains.
(2)The novel is based on his travels in India.
(3)The ship sank on his first voyage，which was quite disappointing.
(4)The Prince will visit France on the last leg of his European tour.
(5)Did you have a good journey？
(6)The book describes a spiritual journey from despair to happiness.
3、 persuade vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they don't really need.
(2) We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of this decision.
(3) I tried to persuade him out of smoking, but he wouldn't listen.
根据语义找匹配：A. 说服 B. 劝说 C. 使某人信服
(1) A (2) C (3) B
persuasion n. 说服
persuasive adj. 有说服力的persuade sb. to do sth. ＝ persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. ＝ persuade sb. out of sth. /doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade thatclause 使某人相信……convince/persuade/advise
convince是通过摆事实、讲道理使人相信某个事实。
convince可接含of短语或that从句的双宾语，
还可用在convince sb. to do或be convinced of结构中。
What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. persuade表示用劝说的方法，使人愿意采纳某种意见或采取某一个行动。其后可接含不定式或that从句的复合宾语，也可用在persuade sb. of sth. 结构中。advise表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而persuade强调“已经说服”；advise可接动词的ing形式作宾语，也可接that引导的宾语从句(必须用虚拟语气即should＋动词原形)，而persuade不能。
My friends advised him to see a doctor, but he refused all of them. Who can persuade him?根据上下文，用与persuade相关的词语填空
The other day, my husband (1) persuaded me not to buy a coat as he thought it was too long. However, the assistant tried hard to (2) persuaded me (3) of the good quality and fashionable style of it. Therefore, I couldn't help(4) being persuaded into buying it. So you can see how easy it is (5) to persuade a woman (6) to buy/into buying
things that aren't suitable for her.
4、 insist
v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) He insisted that he hadn't made a mistake.
(2) The bodyguards insisted that the president (should) keep away from the crowd for the sake of safety.
根据语义找匹配：A. 坚持认为 B. 坚决要求某人做某事
(1) A (2) B
insist on/upon sth. 坚持(某事物)
insist on doing sth. 坚决干某事if you insist 如果你一定要这样
insist＋ that从句：
①表“坚决要求”，从句谓语用虚拟语气
②表“坚持说；坚持认为”，从句谓语用陈述语气insist on/ stick to
insist on表示对“要求、意见、看法等”的“坚持”，后面可接动名词或动名词的复合结构；
stick to表示对“真理、岗位、计划、理论、愿望、原则、决定、诺言或某种理论”的客观上的“坚持”。单项填空
()(1)The doctor insisted that I ______ a high fever and that I ______ a rest for a few days.
A. had; had
B. have; have
C. had; have
D. have; had
4、 insist
v.
C insist 后的第一个that从句中的insist是“坚持认为”的意思，第二个that从句中的insist是“坚持要求”的意思，故用虚拟语气。()(2)No matter what you say, I shall______ my opinion.
A. carry out
B. keep up
C. insist on
D. stick to
C 考查动词短语辨析。carry out执行，实施；keep up保持；insist on坚决主张； stick to坚持。 按照语境此处坚持的是观点，所以选C。 在你所学范围内，哪些动词后接宾语从句，要使用虚拟语气，其形式是“(should) ＋ do sth.”？
___________________________________________
_____________________________
五个“要求”demand, require, request, ask, urge
四个“建议”suggest, advise, propose, recommend
两个“命令”command, order
一个“坚持”insist
5、determine v.
根据语境猜词义
(1)Attitude determines everything.
(2)We determined to go to the railway station at once.
(3)I wonder what determined her to marry him in the end.
(4)The court determined that the man was guilty of robbery.
根据语义找匹配
A. 裁定 B. 决定(vi.) C. 决心 D. 决定(vt.)
(1) D (2) B (3) C (4) A
determination n. 决心；毅力；规定
determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的determine ＋ n.
determine to do sth.
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事
determine ＋ thatclause
be determined to do sth. 翻译句子
(1) 你决定好暑假做什么了吗？
Have you determined what to do in the summer holiday?
(2) 她决心要上哈佛大学。
She was determined to go to Harvard University. 6、change one's mind
根据语境猜词义
(1) Maybe you'll change_your_mind after thinking it over.
(2) I have made_up_my_mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.
(3) I just couldn't make_up_my_mind,_so in the end I bought both.
(4) I wish you'd made_up_your_mind whether you're coming or not.
根据语义找匹配
A.拿定主意 B. 下定决心
C. 作出决定 D. 改变主意
(1) D (2) B (3) A (4) C
be in two minds about 拿不定主意；犹豫不决
be the last thing on sb.'s mind
是某人最不能考虑的事情
come to mind 突然想到cross / enter one's mind 掠过脑海
take one's mind to 把心思转向
take one's mind off sth. 不再想某事
have a lot on one's mind 忧心忡忡
be out of one's mind 发狂；犯傻
lose one's mind 失去理智
one's mind goes blank
脑子里突然一片空白，突然什么也想不起来Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。
put sth. out of one's mind 把某事置于脑后
bring sth. to mind 回想起某事
keep/bear sth. in mind 记住某事
stick to one's mind 对某事经久不忘
speak one's mind 直言不讳
have an open mind about
对某事思想开放；能接受新事物have a close mind about 守旧；不开发
one's mind is not on sth. 不把心思用在某事上面
have a mind of your own 有主见
keep one's mind on /upon 专心于
one's mind wanders 心不在焉；走神
Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。
Mind your own business. 别管闲事。翻译句子
(1) 我决心当医生。
I've made up my mind to be a doctor.
(2) 任何事情都不能使我改变主意。
Nothing will make me change my mind.
7、give in
根据语境猜词义
(1) They argued back and forth until finally Buzz gave_in.
(2) They weren't a particularly good team, but they refused to give_in and accept defeat.
(3) You were supposed to give this work in four days ago.
(4) They always give_in to each other whatever they do.
根据语义找匹配
A. 谦让 B. 呈交；交上 C. 屈服 D. 让步
(1) D (2) C (3) B (4) A
7、give in
give in
让步，投降，屈服
give sth. in 提交，呈送
give away 赠送，给予； 泄漏
give back 归还；恢复(健康)
give off 放出；散发出(气体、气味、热、光)
give out 分发； 用完，消耗
give up 放弃用give in/give away/give back/give out/give up填空
(1)He picked up the pen and gave it back to him.
(2)He doesn't only give away money; he spends his whole life in looking after the poor.
(3)Tom's legs gave out and he couldn't go any farther.
(4)Mother kept inviting Mrs. Smith to stay for dinner, but she finally gave in.
(5)All girls swam across the lake except two who gave up halfway.
8、care about
根据语境猜词义
(1) He doesn't care_about anything we may say, which makes us very angry.
(2) I don't care_about going fishing.
(3) We should care_about other people's difficulties. 根据语义找匹配
A. 关心 B. 感兴趣 C. 不在乎；不计较
(1) C (2) B (3) A
care about sth. 关心(忧虑、惦念)某事
care about sb. 关心某人，关怀某人(多用于否定句或疑问句中)care for喜欢；照顾；愿意；关心
take care that…/to do sth. 当心，注意某事
take care of当心，注意；照顾
be careful of…/to do…/that…当心，注意
I don't care (that…)我不介意(在乎)……用care的相关短语填空
(1) She thinks only of herself; she doesn't care about others.
(2) She cares more for her new clothes than anything else.
(3) I don't care about if it doesn't rain.
(4) Who can care
for me when I am old?
9、Ever_since
middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. (P18)
从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行。ever since 表示“从那时候起，自……以来”，通常与现在完成时连用。可以单独使用，也可以后接从句或省略句。
He has been staying on the farm ever since.
之后他就一直住在农场里。Ever since getting to know you, I can't stop thinking about you.
自从我认识了你，我无时无刻不想你。
I haven't seen you ever since I left the small mountain village.
自从离开了小山村，我就再也没看见你。It's / has been ＋时间段 ＋ since ＋ sb. ＋ did sth.
It was / had been ＋ 时间段 ＋ since ＋ sb. ＋ had done sth.你真正理解这句话的意思了吗？
I have never stepped onto the platform again since I was a teacher.
当since从句的动词是延续性动词却使用了过去时，这就说明其动作在过去的某个时候就已经结束，也就是说这一动作或状态就不再发生或存在，所以本句话的意思是：自从我不当老师以来，我就再也没有登上过讲台。
10、We can_hardly_wait_to see them! (P22)
我们迫不及待要见他们了！
can not / hardly wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
The children woke up early in the morning and couldn't wait to open the presents in the stockings.
孩子们一大早就醒来，迫不及待地打开放在袜子里的礼物。wait to do sth. 等待着做某事
wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
wait on sb. 服侍某人
wait on sb. hand and foot 无微不至地伺候某人
wait one's turn 等到轮到某人做某事
()(2010·北京)______they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.
A. As
B. While
C. Until
D. Once
D 本题考查连词。此题重在句意的判断。“一旦学生们决定了去哪所大学读书，他们就得研究一下办理入学的手续。”as当；因为； while作连词时强调一件事发生时另外一个动作正在进行；until直到； once一旦。因此选D。
Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. (P18)