2017高考英语人教版一轮学案：选修八 Unit2　Cloning

　　Unit2　Cloning

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)Japanese and French differ_ in pronunciation.

　　(2)His opinion differs entirely from mine.

　　1、differ vi.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 与……不同　B. 在……方面不同

　　(1)B　(2)A

　　differ from…与……不同

　　differ in…在……方面不同

　　difference n. 差别， 差异

　　different adj. 不同的

　　differently adv. 不同地

　　单项填空

　　()Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they ______ greatly in size and shape.

　　A. differ

　　B. object

　　C. bother

　　D. cast

　　2、undertake (undertook, undertaken) vt.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)The scientist undertakes the experiment.

　　(2)I want you to undertake a dangerous job.

　　(3)I want you to undertake all the responsibility.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 着手　B. 从事　C．承担

　　(1)A　(2)B　(3)C

　　undertake to do sth. 答应 / 同意做某事undertake for…为……负责

　　undertaking n. 任务；事业，企业

　　单项填空

　　()The new laboratories will be constructed this year，and local firms have been asked to ______ the work.

　　A. assign　

　　B. manufacture

　　C. provide　

　　D. undertake

　　3、bother vt. vi. &n.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)Don't bother him while he is working.

　　(2)Do not bother to come and see me off.

　　(3)We had a lot of bother finding our way to his house.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A．打扰(vt.)　B．烦扰(n.)　C．操心(vi.)

　　(1)A　(2)C　(3)B

　　bother / disturb / trouble / annoy

　　bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。

　　disturb指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。

　　trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。

　　annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。

　　用bother / disturb / trouble / annoy 的正确形式填空

　　(1)Don't disturb me when I'm sleeping.

　　(2)Don't bother yourself about me; I am doing quite well.

　　(3)A fly kept annoying me.

　　(4)I'm sorry to trouble you, but I wondered if we could have a word some time.

　　4、resist vt.

　　抵抗；对抗

　　根据语境感悟其用法

　　(1)He found it hard to resist buying these books.

　　(2)I couldn't resist telling him the secret.

　　resist doing sth.抵制做某事

　　can't resist doing sth.忍不住做某事

　　resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的

　　resistance n. 抗拒；反对

　　can't help doing sth.　情不自禁做某事；忍不住做某事

　　can't help but do sth. ＝can't but do sth. 情不自禁做某事； 不得不做某事

　　单项填空

　　()He didn't mean ______ anything, but those apples looked so good that he couldn't resist ______ one.

　　A. to eat；trying

　　B. to eat；to try

　　C. eating；trying

　　D. eating; to try

　　5、owe vt.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)He paid me the ten dollars he owed me.

　　(2)He owes his good health _to_plenty of exercise and a regular life.

　　(3)He gave me a lot of help. I owed much to him.

　　(4)You owe yourself a holiday.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 欠……债　B. 感激　C. 把……归功于　D. 应给予

　　(1)A　(2)C　(3)B　(4)D

　　owe sb. sth. / owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物

　　owe…to… 把……归功于

　　owing to因为；由于

　　单项填空

　　()— How much do I ______ you for lunch?

　　— Forget it. It's nothing.

　　A. owe

　　B. charge

　　C. cover

　　D. cost

　　6、pay off

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)She studied hard before the examination, and it paid_off.

　　(2)I've just paid_off my loan from this bank.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 偿清　B. 得到好结果

　　(1)B　(2)A

　　pay sb. for sth.因为……付钱给某人

　　pay back还钱；报复

　　用恰当的介词或副词填空

　　(1)How much did you pay for your house?

　　(2)His years of hard work paid off.

　　(3)I'll pay him back for the trick he played on me.

　　7、Then_came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. (P11)接着传来多莉病重的坏消息。

　　(1)Now comes your turn.

　　(2)Here comes the train to Beijing.

　　这是一个因为then位于句首引起的全部倒装句，主语是the disturbing news，谓语动词是came。表示时间的副词now，then等放在句首，句子的谓语动词是come，且主语是名词(注：不能是代词)时，句子要使用全部倒装。此外，表示方位的副词(如up，down，out，in，away，round，here，there)放在句首，句子的谓语动词是某些不及物动词(如go，come，run，rush，fly)，且主语是名词时，句子也要使用全部倒装。

　　单项填空

　　()(2009·福建)For a moment nothing happened.

　　Then ______all shouting together.

　　A. voices had come

　　B. came voices

　　C. voices would come

　　D. did voices come

　　8、The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. (P11)

　　(多莉)看起来能正常生长这一事实令人振奋。

　　fact之后that she seemed to develop normally是一个同位语从句。同位语从句常出现在少数抽象名词(如fact，news，possibility，information，idea，feeling)之后，说明该名词的具体内容。

　　The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

　　单项填空

　　()(1)(2009·四川)News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.

　　A. which

　　B. what　

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　()(2)(2009·江西)The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

　　A. what　

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. though

　　() 1. (2008·全国Ⅱ)The house still needed a lot of work, but ______ the kitchen was finished.

　　A. instead

　　B. altogether

　　C. at once

　　D. at least

　　Altogether_Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. (P12)

　　D　副词的词义辨析。这房子还需要做很多的装修工作，但至少厨房已经完工了。at least 至少，符合题意。altogether “总共；完全地”。

　　() 2. (2009·湖北)His efforts to raise money for his program were ______ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.

　　A. in place

　　B. in sight

　　C. in effect　

　　D. in vain

　　All efforts of cloning an animal will be in_vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses. (P15)

　　D　本题考查动词短语辨析。in place在适当的位置；in sight看得见， 被看到； in effect实际上， 正在实行， 有效；in vain徒然， 白费， 无效。