2017高考英语人教版一轮学案：必修五 Unit4　Making the news

　　Unit4　Making the news

　　1、occupation n.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)

　　He is a bus driver by occupation.

　　(2)

　　Riding is her favorite occupation.

　　(3)

　　The Japanese occupation of Taiwan lasted fifty­one years.

　　(4)

　　No one is yet in occupation of the house.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 工作，职业　B. 占领，占据　C. 占用；居住　D. 消遣；日常事务

　　(1) A　(2) D　(3) B　(4) C

　　be in occupation of…占据 / 占用

　　be in the occupation of… 被……占据 / 占用

　　be occupied with sth. 忙于做某事

　　occupy vt.

　　占领， 占用， 占据， 使忙碌， 使从事

　　occupied adj. 已被占的， 已居住的

　　profession / job / occupation / career / work

　　profession以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业，现在一般指为谋生之职，尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练，具有某种专业知识的工作。

　　job泛指一切有报酬的工作。

　　occupation泛指任何一种职业，比job正式，经常用于书面填表中。

　　career指经过专门训练，终身愿意从事的事业。

　　work指任何种类的工作，也泛指职业。不可数。

　　用profession/job/occupation/career/work填空

　　Tom needn't go to school today, but he has a part­time (1) job， where he can earn a little by helping those who cannot read or write to fill in forms about their names, ages and (2) occupations. After (3) work， he will attend a lecture about the future lawyer, which he regards as his (4) career for a lifetime. He always studies hard at school because he wants to be the top of his (5) profession after graduation.

　　2、admirable adj. 令人钦佩的， 令人赞赏的

　　根据语境感悟其用法

　　(1)This essay is admirable in all respects.

　　(2)His bravery is admirable.

　　admire sb. for sth. 因某事而佩服某人

　　admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子

　　admire vt.

　　钦佩， 羡慕， 赞美

　　admiration n.

　　钦佩， 赞赏

　　用admire的正确形式填空

　　We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists are so (1) admirable that nobody didn't look at their work in (2) admiration. In other words, we (3) admired the artists for their (4) admirable

　　skills.

　　3、assist v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.

　　(2)She refused to assist at the reception for reasons unknown.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 帮助， 协助 　B. 参加，出席

　　(1) A　(2) B

　　assistant adj. 副的；n.

　　助手， 营业员

　　assistance n.

　　帮助， 援助

　　assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

　　assist sb. in / with sth. 帮助某人某事

　　assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事

　　give / lend assistance to sb. 给某人提供帮助

　　afford / offer assistance 提供援助

　　come to one's assistance 帮助某人

　　用assist的适当形式填空

　　After school, I often (1) assist monitor to close the windows as well as the lights in the classroom. Besides, I sometimes (2) assist her with / in her maths. Of course, she is also a kind girl who often lends (3) assistance to her classmates. Whenever anyone is in trouble, she is always ready to come to his or her (4) assistance.

　　4、concentrate v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)I can't concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.

　　(2)Our population is concentrated in the big cities.

　　根据语义找匹配：

　　A. 集中；聚集　B. 专注，专心；集中注意力

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　concentrate sth. on sth. / doing sth.

　　专心致志于某事 /

　　做某事

　　concentrate on sth. 全神贯注， 精神集中于……

　　concentrate the / one's attention on

　　致力于……；把注意力集中在……

　　concentrated adj. 集中的，紧张的，浓缩的

　　concentration n. 集中， 专心， 浓度

　　你知道还有哪些词组也可以表示“专心”？

　　focus / fix one's attention on；put one's mind / heart in；apply oneself / one's mind to；be absorbed in…；be lost in；devote oneself to sth.

　　/ doing sth.。

　　用concentrate的适当形式填空

　　The tennis players need total (1) concentration during play. Unless (2) concentrating on the game, they are easily beaten. But sometimes they are too (3) concentrated to hit the ball.

　　5、acquire v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)The museum has just acquired a famous painting by Pablo Picasso.

　　(2)This beer isn't bad; I'm beginning to acquire a taste for it.

　　(3)I look on it as an opportunity to acquire fresh skills.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 取得，获得　B. 学会，养成　C. 喜欢

　　(1) A　(2) C　(3) B

　　acquire a taste for 开始喜欢上……

　　acquire a knowledge of 学会……

　　acquire a habit 养成习惯

　　acquired adj. 已取得的， 已获得的， 已成习惯的

　　用acquire

　　/ obtain / get /

　　gain / win / earn填空

　　(1)We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.

　　(2)I got a letter from my parents yesterday.

　　(3)I hope that you will gain / win greater success soon.

　　(4)He obtained experience through practice.

　　(5)He soon gain /

　　win a reputation for himself after 4­year hard­working.

　　(6)Graduates are supposed to earn their bread after graduation.

　　(7)He is a skilled player so it's hard to win the game.

　　6、assess v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) We tried to assess his suitability for the job.

　　(2) She look at the house and assess its market value.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 估价，估计　B. 评价，评定

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　assess sb.

　　/ sth. 评价、评估某人 / 事

　　assess sth. at 估价为……

　　make an assessment of 评估……

　　assessment n.

　　评定；估价

　　用assess的适当形式填空

　　Recently,

　　the price of housing is getting higher and higher. Before we buy a house, we must have the house (1) assessed. Some agencies, which has the right to make an (2) assessment of the house, get used to (3) assessing a house at a low price so that the buyer can pay less taxes.

　　7、inform v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) I informed him that I would not be able to attend.

　　(2) If you see anything suspicious, inform the police at once.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 通知， 告知　B. 向……报告， 告发

　　(1) A　(2) B

　　inform sb. of / about 通知某人有关……

　　inform sb. that… 通知某人……

　　keep sb. informed of / about… 通知某人关于……；使某人知道……

　　be well informed of / about 精通某事；对……消息灵通

　　be informed of… 听说；接到……的通知

　　information n. 信息， 情报， 通知， 资料

　　你知道还有哪些动词后接sb. of sth.吗？

　　rob, ask, cure, warn, remind。rob sb. of 抢劫某人某物；ask sb. of 向某人要求某物；cure sb. of 治好某人的疾病； warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事；remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。

　　用inform的正确形式填空

　　My boss is on business. Before leaving, he asked me to pay attention to the latest (1) information about the new product iPhone. It's said that Jenny is well (2) informed (消息灵通) and one of my tasks was to keep him (3) informed if Jenny calls me.

　　8、meanwhile adv.&n.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)In the meanwhile I'll visit an old friend of mine.

　　(2)Mother went shopping; meanwhile,_I cleaned the house.

　　根据语义找匹配：

　　A. n. 同时， 期间　B. adv.

　　与此同时

　　(1) A　(2) B

　　in the meanwhile 与此同时

　　完成下列句子

　　Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile Pat was watching TV.

　　简在写信，而帕特在看电视。

　　9、demand n. & v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)She demanded to know what was happening.

　　(2)The supply of vegetables falls short of demand this year.

　　(3)“What is that？” the policeman demanded.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 需要，需求　B. 要求，请求　C. 查问，盘诘

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) C

　　demandto do sth. 要求做某事

　　of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

　　sth. of sb. 要求某人某事

　　in demand (of) 需要

　　(no) demand for… (不)需要

　　make demands of / on 对……提出要求

　　meet the demand 满足需要；符合要求

　　it is demanded that… (should) do…

　　demanding adj. 要求多的， 吃力的

　　ask / beg / demand / require / request / claim

　　ask 最普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长、晚辈，上下级之间都可使用。

　　beg 指恳切地或再三地请求或要求，常含低三下四意味，也多用于应酬场合。

　　demand 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。

　　require 强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。

　　request 正式用词，指非常正式，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。

　　claim 索要，索求。指有权或宣称有权得到而公开提出的要求。

　　用正确的介词填空

　　(1)Medical workers are in great demand in the earthquake­stricken areas.

　　(2)Is there any demand for teachers in this city?

　　用ask/beg/demand/require/request/claim填空

　　My 3­year­old daughter is curious about everything around and likes to (3) ask why and how. When she (4) requests me to help her, she will use “please” and always wears a smile. She is crazy about doll. When we go shopping, she always (5) begs　for one. If I don't meet her (6) demand， she will cry and (7) claim that it belongs to her. Although I often tell her “You are (8) required to be elegant like a princess”， it doesn't work when she sees the dolls.

　　10、accurate adj. 精确的，准确的

　　根据语境感悟其用法

　　(1) The new salesgirl is accurate at figures.

　　(2) His report of the event was accurate in every detail.

　　be accurate in / at sth. 在……上正确

　　to be accurate精确地说(插入语)

　　accurately adv. 精确地， 准确地

　　accuracy n. 准确(性), 精确度

　　accurate / correct / exact / right

　　accurate侧重不同程度的准确性，与事实无出入。着重精确度。

　　correct正确的，最常用，常用于修饰真理、事实等。

　　exact正确的， 确切的，强调在质量、数量上达到极端正确、准确。

　　right 对的，正确的，强调在道义上表示赞同。

　　用accurate/correct/exact/right填空

　　(1) She gave an accurate account of the accident.

　　(2) He gave correct answers to the questions.

　　(3) His answer is quite exact.

　　(4) He is the right man for the job.

　　11、approve v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)I'm afraid your parents won't approve of your going there.

　　(2)The city council approved the building plans.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 赞成，同意；赞许　B. 批准；认可

　　(1) A　(2) B

　　approval n.

　　批准， 认可， 同意， 赞同

　　approved adj. 经核准的， 被认可的

　　approve sth. 通过、批准某事

　　approve of sth. / sb. 赞同、赞成……

　　approve oneself 证明自己是……

　　give one's approval to 批准

　　with approval of 经……的批准

　　approve / agree

　　approve 侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示赞同或批准。作不及物动词用时，常与of连用。

　　agree 普通用词，侧重指对某事同其他人有相同的意见或想法，后常用to / with / on。

　　运用approve的各种用法完成下面的情景

　　Recently, the mayor (1) approved the non­smoking plan. Smoking (2) is not approved of

　　(不被同意) in non­smoking area. Even at home, children have the right to (3) give their approval to (批准)their parents who want to smoke. Only (4) with the approval of (经……的批准) the family, one can smoke at home. Hearing the news, I said I fully agreed (5) to this plan and my husband totally agreed (6) with me (7) on the matter of smoking. What good news it is!

　　12、accuse v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) She accused him of stealing her watch.

　　(2) Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 指责，把……归咎　B. 指控，控告

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　accuse sb. of sth. / doing sth. 控告某人某事

　　accuse sb. as… 指控某人……

　　accusation n. 控告；告发；谴责

　　accusing adj. 指责的；谴责的

　　accuse / charge

　　accuse意为“指控，指责，谴责，控诉”，不一定指很严重之事，也可用于法律上的控告，多与介词of搭配；

　　charge意为“指控，控告”，是法律上控告的正式用语，对严重行为而言，多与介词with搭配。

　　用accuse和charge的适当形式填空

　　Linda lost her ring and (1) charged her roommate Mary with the theft. Mary denied and told Linda that she didn't touch it. Linda was angry and (2) accused Mary of lying. Later the (3) accused was found innocent. Actually, her ring was taken away by a bird because of the open window.

　　13、depend on

　　(1)Our success depends_on whether everyone works hard.

　　(2)The map is a thing to depend_on when you are in a strange place.

　　(3)Depend_on it, we shall succeed in time.

　　A. 依靠，依赖　B. 视……而定，取决于……　

　　C. 请放心，没问题

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) C

　　同义词：rely on

　　depend on / upon ＋wh­从句　视……而定，取决于……

　　depend on /

　　upon＋ n. 依靠，依赖，相信

　　depend on / upon＋sb. ＋to do 指望某人做……

　　depend on / upon ＋it ＋that… 指望……

　　That (all) depends. / It all depends.

　　(口语)视情况而定。单独使用或置于句首。

　　根据中文提示完成句子

　　(1)He depends on you to help him.

　　他指望着你帮助他。

　　(2)It depends on the weather whether we can go out for a picnic.

　　我们是否去野餐取决于天气。

　　(3)— Can you finish the work before Sunday?

　　——你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？

　　—It / That all depends

　　——这要看情况。

　　14、ahead of

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) The work was done ahead_of time.

　　(2) He is always ahead_of the age.

　　(3) He's ahead_of me in English.

　　根据语义找匹配：

　　A. 指时间或空间的，“在……之前”

　　B. “比……强 (高)” (主要用作表语)

　　C. 提前，提早

　　(1) C　(2) A　(3) B

　　go ahead 开始， 前进， 领先

　　ahead of time 提前， 提早

　　请翻译下列画线部分的短语

　　I finished a project several days (1) ahead_of_the_deadline and (2) ahead_of_me lay a tougher construction project, so I went shopping with my best friend to have a good rest before starting the tougher project. A young boy at the age of 5 (3) walked_ahead_of_us,_talking to his mother about his life in the future. His ideas were way (4) ahead_of_his_time.

　　(1)在截止日期前 　(2)在我面前 / 即将面对的是

　　(3)走在我们前面　 (4)超时代的 / 超前的

　　15、make sure

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) You must make_sure of the time and place.

　　(2) Make_sure that no one finds out about this.

　　(3) She looked around to make_sure that she was alone.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 确保，设法保证

　　B. 查明，核实，弄清(某事属实或已做)

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) B

　　make sure (of sth. / that…) 确保，设法保证；查明，核实，弄清

　　for sure无疑，肯定

　　be sure of / about 确信；确知；肯定；有把握

　　be sure to do 一定；必定；无疑

　　to be sure (插入语)诚然，固然，无可否认

　　根据所给的中文用有关sure的短语填空

　　(1)We are sure of his innocence. (确信)

　　(2)The exhibition is sure to be popular. (一定，必定)

　　(3)No one knows for sure what happened. (明确，确定)

　　(4)I think the door's locked, but I'll just go and make sure. (确认)

　　(5)He is intelligent, to be sure， but he's also very lazy. (无可否认)

　　16、at the moment此刻；当时

　　根据语境感悟其用法

　　(1)She must be in the television studio at_the_moment.

　　(2) The market is rather depressed at_the_moment.

　　(3) He's dealing with his post at_the_moment.

　　at any moment 任何时刻，马上

　　at the last moment 在紧要关头，在最后关头

　　for a moment 片刻，一会儿

　　for the moment暂时，目前

　　in a moment

　　马上，立刻，一眨眼的工夫 (和将来时态连用)

　　the moment＋从句　一……就……

　　this is the moment to do 应该做……的时候；做……的好时机

　　根据语境完成下列句子

　　(1)Ask Tom to come at once, for the train is starting in a moment.

　　(2)At the moment my car is being made ready for a long journey.

　　(3)This house is big enough for us two for the moment， but we'll have to move if we have a baby.

　　17、Not_only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. (P26)

　　我不但对摄影感兴趣，而且为了提高摄影技术，我还在大学里参加了一个业余培训班。

　　(1) Not_only do the nurses want a pay increase, but they also want reduced hours.

　　(2) Not_only was Lu Xun a great writer, but he was also a great thinker.

　　句中not only…but also连接两个并列句时否定词not 位于句首，因而前一分句应使用倒装语序。

　　not only…but also除了连接两个并列句以外，还可以连接句中两个任何平行的句子成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语依据就近原则和最近的那个主语保持一致。

　　Not only the students but also the head teacher was late for the lecture.

　　My chemistry teacher can speak not only English but also Japanese.

　　His youngest daughter was not only clever but also diligent.

　　not only…but also中的also可以省略，而且but also可以用 but…as well替换。

　　(1) 否定词never，seldom，hardly，scarcely(几乎不)，rarely(几乎不)，little，not，nowhere，by no means(决不)，at no time(任何时候都不)，on no account(决不)，neither，nor(也不)等放在句首时，句子常用部分倒装。

　　(2) 具有否定意义的连词如not only…but also，no sooner…than(一……就)，hardly…when(一……就)，not until…(直到……时候)位于句首时前一部分使用倒装结构。注意no sooner …than…； hardly…when…的时态， 即：no sooner / hardly 部分用过去完成时had done, 从句than…和when…用过去时态did。

　　改正下面句子中的错误

　　(1)True friends share not our joys but also our sorrows.

　　(2)Not only you but also he are wrong.

　　(3)Not only has he heard of the film, but also has he seen it twice.

　　(4)Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus had started.

　　(5)Not until did she speak, had I realized she was foreign.

　　(1) 在not后加only　(2) 把are 改为 is　(3) 把also 后的has he 改为 he has　(4) 将when从句中的had 去掉　(5) 把did she speak 改为 she spoke

　　18、Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? (P26)

　　你是否曾有过这样的情况：有人控告你的记者报道了失实的信息？

　　(1)There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb.

　　(2)Today, we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.

　　case n. 箱， 情况， 案例， 当其表示“情景，情形，情况”时，其后的定语从句由where引导，表示“在此情形时……”，可用in which替换where。

　　situation, condition, degree, point, life 等表示抽象含义的“地点、地步、阶段、程度”名词作先行词时，后用where引导的定语从句。

　　We have reached a point where a change is needed.

　　He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.

　　Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

　　English is a “fixed­word­order” language where each phrase has a fixed position.

　　in case ＋ 从句 假如……发生，以防……

　　in case of ＋ n.

　　假如……发生，以防……

　　in that case假使那样， 在那种情况下

　　in no case 决不， 在任何情况下都不

　　as is often the case 这是常有的事

　　运用以上case的短语完成下面的情景

　　(1) As is often the case， fire broke out because of carelessness. (2) In that case， remember to keep calm. (3) In no case can you jump from the top of a high building, which is dangerous. You may call 119 or 110 (4) in case of emergency and try to take some effective measures before the arrival of rescue (5) in case you get burnt.

　　19、This is how_the_story_goes. (P26)

　　这就是故事的发展。

　　(1)That is how_I_feel.

　　(2)The question is how_I_can_persuade_her to_join us in_the_party.

　　在主系表结构中，如果表语部分是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就是表语从句。表语从句属于名词性从句的一种，它使用陈述句语序，它的连词除了how以外还有that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, as if / though 和 because。特别注意的是表语从句中的that不可以省略，在句中没有含义，不充当成分。

　　单项填空

　　()(1) — I serve three meals every day and do almost everything for him, but he still fails me.

　　— I'm sorry to say that's ______ you are mistaken.

　　A. how

　　B. what

　　C. where

　　D. which

　　()(2) The problem is ______ to take the place of Ted.

　　A. who can we get

　　B. what we can get

　　C. who we can get

　　D. that we can get

　　()(3) She looked ______ she were ten years younger.

　　A. that

　　B. like

　　C. as

　　D. as though

　　()(4) My idea of a university is still ______ it was ten years ago, a center of cultural life and a resource for the entire community.

　　A. whether

　　B. how

　　C. what

　　D. which

　　20、So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. (P26)

　　因此我们安排了足球运动员和那个被认为要贿赂他的人之间的一次会面。

　　(1)Polluted air and water are harmful to people's health.

　　(2)Is this the book recommended by the teacher?

　　(3)The glass broken by my son has been swept away.

　　(4)Hangzhou, known to the nation for its West Lake, has changed greatly.

　　过去分词作定语常用来表示一个被动的、已完成的动作。单个过去分词作定语时大都放在被修饰的词语之前，过去分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰的词语之后。过去分词所表示的动词和其所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。

　　有些不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生，而没有被动的含义。如：gone, fallen, retired, grown­up, escaped, faded, returned。

　　例: a well­read person一个读过许多书的人

　　a much­travelled man一个去过许多地方的人

　　a burnt­out match烧完了的火柴

　　be supposed to do 应该做，理应做……

　　be supposed to have done本应该做而实际上未做……

　　supposing conj. 如果(可以引导从句，相当于if)

　　I suppose so / not. 我认为是这样吧 / 不是这样的。

　　(表示赞同 / 不同意对方的观点)

　　根据汉语提示完成下列句子

　　(1)His father is an experienced English teacher. (一个有经验的英语老师)

　　(2)Most of the people invited to the conference (大多数被邀请参加会议的人) were my old friends.

　　() 1. (2009·浙江)The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.

　　A. Moreover

　　B. Therefore

　　C. Meanwhile

　　D. Otherwise

　　Meanwhile you have to prepare the net question depending on what the person says. (P26)

　　C　考查副词的辨析。根据前后两句的句意“技术工人的工资收入增加了，无技术的工人发现自己的收入减少了。”可知两句话的关系没有因果的成分而是表示同时发生。

　　() 2. (2010·浙江) I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.

　　A. accurate

　　B. ridiculous

　　C. urgent

　　D. shallow

　　He would have to be accurate. (P30)

　　A　考查形容词辨析。句意：“我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。” accurate 精确的；ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的；urgent紧急的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。

　　() 3. (2009·福建) It's helpful to put children in a situation ______ they can see themselves differently.

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？(P26)

　　D　考查定语从句。句意“让孩子处于一个环境，能让他们从不同角度来观察自我，这是非常有帮助的。”可以看出situation 后跟着一个定语从句。situation 这里的含义为“情形，情境，环境”。故选择where。

　　() 4. (2009·全国Ⅰ) The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ______， but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　A. saved was teachers' energy

　　B. was teachers' energy saved

　　C. teachers' energy was saved

　　D. was saved teachers' energy

　　Not_only_am_I_interested_in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. (P26)

　　D　考查倒装句。句意：“在教学中已经使用计算机了。所以，这不仅节省了老师的精力，连学生也对课程更感兴趣了。” not only…but also…并列两个句子的时候，如果not only 位于句首，其引导的从句应用部分倒装。

　　() 5. (2010·湖北)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ______ for the homeless families.

　　A. accommodation

　　B. occupation

　　C. equipment

　　D. furniture

　　A　考查名词辨析。句意：“在地震之后，当地政府所要做的第一件事就是为那些无家可归的家庭提供住所。” “accommodation”表示“住处”；“occupation”表示“占用”或者“工作，职业”；“furniture”表示“家具”；equipment表示“设备，器材”。因此根据题意，A是正确答案。

　　What do you imagine will be your future occupation? (P25)