Unit3 Computers
1. advantage n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) He has the advantage of a steady job.
(2) They took_full_advantage_of the hotel's facilities.
根据语义找匹配：A. 充分利用 B. 有利条件
(1) B (2) A
disadvantage n. 不利条件；劣势
take advantage of 对……加以利用；欺骗
have /get/win an advantage over胜过；优于
have the advantage of 具有……的有利条件
have an advantage in 在……方面占有优势
to sb.'s advantage 对某人有利
单项填空
()(1)He was a much older player and he had the great ______ of experience.
A. interest
B. success
C. advantage
D. honor
C 考查名词词义辨析。interest兴趣，利益；success 成功；advantage好处，优势；honor荣誉。根据语境：他是一个资格颇老的运动员，有着很大经验优势，所以答案是C。
()(2)Being able to speak another language fluently is a great ______ when you're looking for a job.
A. chance
B. importance
C. assistant
D. advantage
1. advantage n.
D 考查名词词义辨析。chance机会；importance重要性；assistant助手；advantage优势。根据语境：在你找工作时会流利地讲另一种语言是极大的优势。所以答案是D。
()(3)My older brother Steve helped me grow into an adult. Steve taught me to face the
______ of my behavior.
A. reasons
B. realities
C. advantages
D. results
D 考查名词词义辨析。reason原因；reality现实；advantage好处；result结果。根据语境：我老兄帮我成人。他教我要正视我的所作所为带来的结果。所以答案是D。
2、arise (arose, arisen) vi.
根据语境猜词义
(1) A new difficulty has arisen.
(2) I arose early in the morning.
(3) Accidents arise from carelessness.
根据语义找匹配：A. 起床 B. 出现 C. 引起
(1) B (2) A (3) C
arise from 由……引起；有……产生
arise/arouse/rise/raise
原形 语义 过去式 过去分词 v. ing
arise vi. 出现；发生；起因于 arose arisen arising
arouse vt. 唤醒；激起 aroused aroused arousing
rise vi. 升起；起身；增长；上升 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起；唤起；提高；饲养 raised raised raising
单项填空
()(1) Many difficulties have ______as a result of change over a new type of fuel.
A. risen
B. arisen
C. raised
D. lifted
B 考查动词词义辨析。rise升起；arise出现；raise举起；lift抬起。根据语境：由于改变了燃油的品种已经出现了许多种困难。所以答案是B。
A 考查动词词义辨析。arise from表示“由……引起”；
arouse是及物动词，表示“唤醒，激起”，不与介词from连用；begin from表示“从……开始”；cause是及物动词，表示“导致，带来”，不与介词from连用。根据语境：我们应当时刻把事故是由开车时粗心带来的挂在心间。
()(2) We should always keep in mind that accidents______ from carelessness while driving.
A. arise
B. arouse
C. begin
D. cause
3、common n．&adj.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.
(2) I found I had a lot in common with you.
(3) He wasn't a hero but just a common man.
根据语义找匹配:A. 普通的 B. 常见的 C. 有共同之处
(1) B (2) C (3) A
common knowledge 人所共知的事实
common sense 常识
common practice 惯例
have…in common 与……有共同之处
have little/nothing in common with 跟……几乎没有/没有相同之处；与……几乎没有/没有共同语言
in common with(＝like) 和……一样
in common 共同的；共有的；共用的
out of common 不平常的
It's common for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是常见的。
It's common knowledge that… ……是众所周知的。
common/ordinary/average/usual
common 指全体所共有的，共同的特征，强调常见与普遍。
ordinary 指种类普通，强调平淡、平庸、普通的意义。
average 通常指达到平均水平，不突出。
usual 指通常的，寻常的；惯常的。强调“平时的”。
用common/ordinary/average/usual填空
(1) Sparrows(麻雀)look quite ordinary but they are not common at this time of year.
(2) The first time I met her, I thought we'd seen before. She has got that common face of a neighbor girl.
(3) Why are you so impressed with this film？According to me, it's just ordinary.
(4) I was not typing very fast. It was only average. My usual speed is 150 words per minute.
4、in a way
根据语境猜词义
(1) In_a_way,_his English has improved.
(2) A bad thing can be changed into a good thing in_a_way.
根据语义找匹配：A. 从某种意义上说(表示对情况的态度) B. 在某种程度上
(1) B (2)A
in one way 在某方面
in some ways 在某些方面
in no way 决不，无论如何不(位于句首构成倒装)
on one's way to在去……的路上
by the way顺便说说；顺便提一下
in any way在任何方面
in every way在各方面
all the way 自始至终；完全地
by way of经由，途经
in the way/in one's way 挡住去路；碍事
give way (to)让步，屈服
根据语境填入与way相关的短语
(1)Knowing that help is on the/its way，the exhausted man fell asleep.
(2)By the way，where did you get this dress？It looks great on you.
(3)Failure is in a way good to one's development.
(4)She's determined to remove all obstacles(阻碍) on her way to success.
(5)As she was about to speed the car, she saw a large cow in the way.
单项填空
()(6)I can't see the word on the blackboard. Your head is ______.
A. on the way
B. in a way
C. by the way
D. in the way
D 考查way短语辨析。in the way和in one's way 均表示“挡住去路；碍事”之意。按照句意D符合。
5、watch over
根据语境猜词义
(1) Could you watch_(over) my clothes while I have a swim?
(2) He felt that God was watching_over him.
(3) I'm his best friend, and I will always watch_over him.
根据语义找匹配：A. 照顾 B. 保佑 C. 看管，照管
(1) C (2) B (3) A
watch out (for) 当心； 注意
watch for sb. /sth. 观察等待
keep a watch on 监视
under the close watch 在严密的监视下
watch out/watch over/watch out for sb./be careful /take care /mind
watch out 常用于紧急情况下提醒别人小心，常用于祈使句。
watch over 监管，照顾。
watch out for密切注意……；提防…
be careful 用于提醒某人要小心谨慎，以防可能出现的危险或差错，含有“提防”之意。
take care 常用于提醒某人要当心注意身体健康及安全等。可译为“保重”。
mind 常用于提醒某人要留意、留心某些危险。
选用上述词语填空
(1) Watch out！ There is a motorbike speeding here!
(2) Would you please watch over my luggage when I am away for some water?
(3)Mind your steps, please. (您走好。)
(4)Watch out for pickpockets on the bus.
(5) You'd better be careful when you have to work with him, as everybody knows he likes to say ill things about his workmate.
(6) It's getting colder and colder. Please take care not to catch cold.
6、 make up
根据语境猜词义
(1) It usually takes her an hour to make (herself) up before the party.
(2) Our association(协会)is made_up of people from every field of life.
(3) Do not try to make_up any excuse.
(4) She is amazing. She can always make_up interesting stories in a short time.
(5) You must work day and night to make_up for the lost time.
根据语义找匹配
A. 弥补 B. 构成 C. 编写 D. 化妆 E. 捏造
(1) D (2) B (3) E (4) C (5) A
make up for弥补；补偿
be made up of ＝ consist of由……组成
make for有利于……，有助于……；走向；冲向
make full/good/the best use of (＝make the most of)充分利用
make it及时赶到，办成功
make it up和解；讲和
make known使知晓；传达
make out理解；懂得；辨认出；没法应付
make fun of取笑；捉弄
make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通
make sure确信
be made from/of…由……制造
make one's way向……走去
完成句子
(1) The government has sent a medical team
made up of 10 doctors and 6 nurses (由10名医生和6名护士组成)．
(2) In order to rescue the people trapped in the flood in time, they made their way on the muddy road (在泥泞的道路上跋涉)．
7、deal with
根据语境猜词义
(1)Can you tell me how to deal_with the problem?
(2)He is easy to deal_with.
(3)I've dealt_with him for ten years.
(4)Have you read the book dealing_with the Middle East?
(5) I can't deal_with the loud noise.
根据语义找匹配：
A. 论及 B. 处理 C. 跟……做生意 D. 与……相处 E. 忍受
(1) B (2) D (3) C (4) A (5) E
单项填空
()He knows ______ to deal with man but when he meets women, he doesn't know ______ to do with.
A. what; how
B. what; what
C. how; what
D. how; how
C 考查 deal with与 do with的用法。作“对待，处理”解，do with 和deal with同义， do with与what搭配，而deal with则要看其后有无宾语，没宾语，就用what; 有宾语，一般就用how, 所以答案是C。
8、 after all
根据语境猜词义
(1) You'd better let him go there alone. After_all,_he has grown up.
(2) He worked hard, he failed in the exam after_all.
根据语义找匹配：A. 别忘了 B. 毕竟，终究
(1) A (2) B
above all /first of all /after all/at all/in all/all in all
above all 意为“最重要的是”，“尤其是”(是对语气的加强)。
first of all 首先(是对语气的加强)。
after all 毕竟，不管怎样；别忘了(用于提醒)。
at all一般用在否定句中，用以加强否定语气。at all用在疑问句、条件句中，起强调作用，意为“真的，确实，竟然”等。另外，not at all用来表示“不用谢”。
in all表示“总共”，“总计”。
all in all 总的说来(用于对意见的总结)。
用上述词语填空
(1)In all there are only 300 people passing the driving test.
(2)Don't ask him to carry such a heavy box. After all， he is only a 6yearold child.
(3)I'm glad to be your English teacher, but first of all please allow me to introduce myself to you.
(4)He didn't worry about her at all， for he was sure that she could succeed in getting the first prize.
(5)There are many beautiful sentences in your article and its handwriting is good too. All in all，I'm quite satisfied with it.
(6)Above all ，you must prepare everything you need before the examination.
9、so…that…
(1) so/such…that… 引导结果状语从句；
(2) 常见句型
so＋
such＋
a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋thatclause
adj.＋复数名词＋thatclause
adj.＋不可数名词＋thatclause
adj./adv.＋thatclause
adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋thatclause
many/much/few/little(表示数量)
＋n.＋thatclause
(3) so…that有时可以与such…that互相替换，但such所修饰的名词必须是一个单数可数名词，且该名词前还带有表性质的形容词，即由“so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词”转化为“such a/an＋形容词＋单数名词”。
This is such an interesting book/so interesting a book that all the students in our class want to read it.
这本书是这么的好看，我们班的所有学生都想看。
(4) 倒装问题
在这一结构中，“so＋adj. /adv.”或 “such ＋ 名词词组”置于句首加强语气时，主句要用部分倒装。
你知道such /so…that… 与 such/ so…as…有什么区别吗？
(1) He is such a warmhearted teacher ______ the students respect.
(2) He is such a warmhearted teacher ______ the students respect him.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. what
在这一句式结构中，是用that还是用as取决于从句部分是否完整。从句部分完整的是结果状语从句，用that；从句部分不完整的是定语从句，用as。
题(1)从句respect 后缺少宾语，不完整，是定语从句，所以答案是C。题(2)从句部分完整，是结果状语从句，所以答案是A。
A 考查so/such…that…句型结构。因为此处weather是中心词，但它为不可数名词，所以不能加冠词。
单项填空
()(1)— What a beautiful day!
— Yes, it's ______that I'd like to take a walk.
A. such nice weather
B. so a nice weather
C. too nice weather
D. nice weather so
C 考查倒装。so that, such that 的句子结构中，若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，用部分倒装，又sudden是形容词，作表语，所以选C。
()(2) So sudden ______that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack
B. the attack did
C. was the attack
D. the attack was
()1. (2009· 湖北)In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ______ for everyone to stand up.
A. signal
B. chance
C. mark
D. measure
…I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. (P23)
A 根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance机会；mark分数，痕迹；measure方法，措施。
()2. (2009·湖北)The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated
B. considered
C. completed
D. controlled
I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. (P18)
A calculate此处意为“计算”。句意为：损失还没有确切地计算出来，但人们相信它将远远超过1亿美元。consider考虑；complete完成；结束；control控制，三者均不符合句意。
()3. (2010·四川)In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ______.
A. to deal with
B. dealing with
C. to be dealt with
D. dealt with
This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal_with telephone calls. (P24)
A 考查不定式主动表被动。在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。