Ⅰ.单词聚焦
1．________ n． 存在
2．_______ v.
使变锋利
3．___ v.
(按某次序)把……列 表，列清单
4．________ n.
进化；演变
5．_________ n.
帮助，援助
existence
sharpen
list
evolution
assistance
6．_______ adj.
宝贵的；珍贵的；贵重 的
7．__________ n.
毁灭性的大灾难
8．______ n.
长度
9．__________ n.
纪念碑；纪念馆
10．_________ n.
名录；指南
11．___ n.
投标；努力；争取
12．_______ v.
(使)增大；(使)扩大
13．_______ v.
主张，拥护
precious
catastrophe
length
monument
directory
bid
enlarge
advocate
14．_____ n.
法律地位
15．___________ n.
折中；妥协
16．__________ v.
许诺做某事；同意 做某事
17．________ n.
缺乏；没有
18．_________ adj.
主观的
19．________ adj.
彻底的；全面的；
详尽的
20．________ n.
指导，引导，咨询
status
compromise
undertake
absence
subjective
thorough
guidance
Ⅱ.短语扫描
1．agree ___ 就……达成一致
2．contribute __ 对……有贡献；有助于； 导致；造成
3．apart ____ 除……之外
4．__ case
以防；万一
5．__ long as
只要；长达；和……一 样长
on
to
from
in
as
6．go _______ 获准；经过程序
7．remind sb.__ sth.
使某人想起……
8．__ the mercy of...
受……支配
9．__ return
反过来；作为回报
10．be honoured ___ 因……而受到尊敬
through
of
at
in
for
Ⅲ.原句突破
1．________ ________(即使如此)，they were quite sophisticated.
【答案】 Even so
2．Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds，________ ________ ________(造成严重破坏)．
【答案】 causing serious damage
3．They have ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(建议关闭这个遗址并进行维修)．
【答案】 recommended that the site be closed and repaired
4．They are a precious part of our cultural heritage—it ________ ________ ________ ________ (尤为重要了) that we do something.
【答案】 is of vital importance
5．We have requested that________ ________ ________ ________(政府参与)，but we also need assistance from ordinary people.
【答案】 the government get involved
contribute v．促进；捐献；贡献；投稿
contribute to 促成；有助于；为……作贡献
I’m sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.
我肯定你的建议将有助于解决问题。
Exercise contributes to better health.
锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。
He contributed some money to the flood victims.
他捐出一些钱给遭水灾的难民。
Everyone should contribute what she or he can afford.
人人都应该尽自己的能力作贡献。
He contributed an article to our school paper yesterday.
昨天他给我们校报投了一篇文章。
contribution n．贡献
make contributions to...对……做贡献
He has made great contributions to a space development program.他对太空发展计划有很大的贡献。
1.Eating too much fat can ________ to heart disease and high blood pressure.
A．devote
B．attend
C．contribute
D．turn
【解析】 句意为：吃太多脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压。contribute to 有助于；促成，符合句意。devote...to 献身于；致力于；attend to 专心于；注意；turn to 转向；变成，均与句意不符。
【答案】 C
2．Everyone is encouraged to ________food or clothing for those who suffered a great deal in the flood.
A．attribute
B．distribute
C．contribute
D．drift
【解析】 本题考查动词的词义辨析，contribute food or clothing捐献食物或衣物。attribute把……归因于；distribute分配；drift漂流。
【答案】 C
recomment vt.推荐，介绍
recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.
向某人推荐/介绍……
recommend sb.as...推荐某人当……
Can you recommend me a good dentist?
你能给我推荐一个好牙医吗？
I recommend the book to all my students.
我向所有的学生推荐这本书。
I will recommend you as his secretary.
我要推荐你做他的秘书。
recommend 还作“建议”讲。
recommend doing 建议做……
recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
recommend that＋(should) do sth.建议……
It is/was＋recommended that...有人建议……
His father strongly recommended sending him to school in England.
他的父亲极力建议把他送到英国上学。
I recommend you to obey traffic regulations.
我劝你遵守交通规则。
The teacher recommended that we (should) buy an EnglishEnglish dictionary.老师建议我们买英英词典。
3.We want to leave this hotel.Perhaps you can________us another hotel.
A．introduce
B．remind
C．recommend
D．suggest
【解析】 introduce sth.to sb.向某人介绍……；remind sb.of sth.使某人想起；提醒；suggest sth.to sb.向某人建议……；三者均不接双宾语，只有recommend 可跟双宾语，即 recommend sb.sth.。
【答案】 C
4．I recommended ________ an EnglishChinese dictionary，which I thought would be of great help to his studies.
A．buying
B．bought
C．to him buy
D．he thought
【解析】 本题考查recommend的搭配用法，英语中一些表示“建议，要求”等含义的动词在接从句时，从句的动词常用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略。本题中应填动名词。
【答案】 A
5．He said he would ________ me to Professor Mcrae as his postgraduate student.
A．comment
B．suggest
C．command
D．recommend
【解析】 recommend sb.to sb.“把某人推荐给某人”符合句意。comment 评论，后常跟 on 或 about；command 指挥；命令；suggest“建议”均不合题意。
【答案】 D
propose v．用法
(1)建议，提议
What would you propose？你想提什么建议？
Some people proposed changes to the educating system.
一些人提议改革教育体制。
(2)打算，计划
propose to do/doing sth.打算做某事
I propose to make an early start tomorrow.我打算明天早晨早走。
How do you propose going to work？你打算怎么去上班？
(3)提名，提出……供表决
We proposed Wang Lei for our monitor.我们提名王磊做班长。
6.I ________to set off for New York next month to do business.
A．am thinking
B．am intend
C．advise
D．propose
【解析】 句意为：我打算下个月去纽约做买卖。而A项中am多余，B、C项为错误搭配。
【答案】 D
request n．要求，请求
make a request for sth.要求某物，需要某物
make a request that从句，要求，需要
by request应邀
at the request of在……的请求下
I made a request that the students should be well prepared for the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。
We should make a request for help.我们应该请求援助。
The old pianist wouldn’t listen to our repeated request that he(should)play in public again.我们一再请求那位老钢琴师再公开演奏一次，但他却不答应。
He sang a song by request.他应邀演唱了一首歌。
v.请求，要求
request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
request sth.from/of sb.要求、请求某人做某事
request＋that (should)＋do sth.
The judge requested silence.法官要求安静。
She requested me to leave.(＝She requested that I should leave.)她要求我离开。
I requested that he(should)come an hour earlier.
我请求他早来一个小时。
All the workers request that the manager(should)think over his decision.所有工人请求经理慎重考虑他的决定。
May I request you to stop talking?
能不能请你不要再说话了？
7.The manager of the hotel requests that the guests ______after 11∶00 p．m..
A．not to play loud music
B．shouldn’t play loud music
C．don’t play loud music
D．couldn’t play loud music
【解析】 动词request后that从句中谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形(should可省略)。
【答案】 B
compromise n．折中，妥协
arrive at/reach a compromise达成妥协
make a compromise with与……妥协
The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.这两国间的纷争由于互相让步而解决了。
Everybody has to be prepared to make compromises.
每个人都必须准备作出让步。
Talks continue in the hope that the two sides will reach a compromise.谈判继续进行以期双方能达成妥协。
vi.折中，妥协
compromise with sb.on sth.就某事与某人妥协
We managed to compromise on a price for the car.
我们终于就汽车的价格达成协商。
They had to compromise with her on the point.
他们只好就这一点向她妥协。
8.The shortanswer test is a kind of________between composition and selection types.
A．Mixture
B．collection
C．compound
D．compromise
【解析】 句意为：简答题是作文题和选择题折中的产物。compromise “折中”符合句意。mixture 混合；collection 收集；compound 混合；合成；三个词后面常接介词of。
【答案】 D
9．The strike was not ended until they restored to ________.
A．compromising
B．compromisement
C．compromise
D．Compromised
【解析】 restore to...恢复……，其中to是介词，所以后面要跟动名词作宾语。
【答案】 A
undertake v．许诺，保证(后常接不定式或that从句)
I undertook to teach the children English.
我答应教孩子们英语。
He can’t undertake that you will win in the election.
他不能保证你在选举中会赢。
还作“承担” “从事”讲。
The driver undertook the responsibility of the accident.
司机承担了这次事故的责任。
In the past，workers often undertook heavier work but received less pay.过去，工人们经常承担较重的工作，得到的报酬却很少。
10.He ________to improve the working conditions.
A．undertook
B．allowed
C．answered
D．admitted
【解析】 undertake 许诺做某事，其后常跟动词不定式作宾语。本句句意为：他许诺要改善工作条件。
【答案】 A
ignore vt.不理睬；忽视
He can’t ignore the boy’s rudeness any longer.
这个男孩粗暴无礼，他再也不能不闻不问了。
He ignored all the “No smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.
他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的标语，点了支香烟。
I said hello to her，but she ignored me!
我跟她打招呼，她却不理我！
The driver ignored the traffic light，so he was in trouble.
那个司机不理会红绿灯，因此他陷入困境。
11.—So you didn’t say “hello” to him last night?
—Well，I stopped and smiled when I saw him，but he________
me and walked on.
A．ignored
B．refused
C．denied
D．lost
【解析】 句意为：当我看见他时我停下来对他微笑，但他不理睬我继续往前走。ignore “不理”符合句意。refuse 拒绝；deny 否认；否定；lose “丢失”均不合题意。
【答案】 A
honour vt.尊敬；给予……以荣誉
be honoured for...因……而受到尊敬
be honoured as...作为……而受到尊敬
feel honoured to do sth.因做某事感到荣幸
He was honoured for his courage in battle.
他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬。
She is honoured as a great writer.
她作为一名伟大的作家而受到尊敬。
Xu Zhenchao was honoured with a title of “model worker”．
许振超被授予“模范工人”的光荣称号。
n.尊敬，荣誉，增光的人或物
have the honour of获得某种特权，获得某种特殊的荣幸
have the honour to do/of doing...有幸做……
May I have the honour of dancing with you?
我有幸与你跳舞吗？
She is an honour to our school.她是我校的光荣。
There is a party tonight in honour of our new president.
为庆祝新总统就任，今晚有个聚会。
It is a great honour to be invited.承蒙邀请，不胜荣幸。
12.Washington，a state in the United States，was named________one of the greatest American presidents.
A．in honour of
B．instead of
C．in favour of
D．by means of
【解析】 in honour of “为纪念；为向……表示敬意”符合句意。instead of 代替；in favour of 支持；by means of 通过……方式，均与句意不符。
【答案】 A
13．I felt highly ________ the kind things you say about me.
A．honoured for
B．honour for
C．honoured by
D．honour by
【解析】 考查honour作动词的用法，be/feel honoured by...因……而感到极大的荣幸。
【答案】 C
apart from 用法总结
(1)除了……外都……(相当于except for)
Apart from the price，the dress doesn’t suit me.
姑且不论价格，这件衣服不适合我。
Apart from his nose，he’s quite goodlooking.
他除了鼻子外，哪儿都好看。
(2)除了……之外(还有)(相当于besides)
Apart from his school work，he takes interest in anything.
除了学校的功课外，他对任何事都有兴趣。
14.________the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.
A．Beside
B．Except
C．In addition
D．Apart from
【解析】 句意为：他除了脸部和双手受伤外，两条腿也断了。apart from “除……之外”符合句意。beside “在……旁边”可改为besides；except 除了，其修饰的内容不包括在整体中；若选in addition应在后面加to。
【答案】 D
go through用法总结
(1)经历，经受
He would go through fire and water for his country.
他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
The country has gone through too many wars.
这个国家经历了太多的战争。
The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.
那可怜的女孩自从父母过世后历经了许多苦难。
(2)完成
The doctor will go through the operation soon.
那位医生很快就要做完手术了。
(3)仔细检查，审查
I went through the students’ papers last night.
昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的论文。
He went through his pockets to look for the key.
为了找钥匙他仔细检查了他的口袋。
(4)穿过；(法案等)通过
The plan has gone through.计划得到了批准。
He went through the doorway into the living room.
他穿过门口，进入起居室。
(5)用光；耗尽
The boys went through two whole loaves of bread.
这些男孩把整整两长条面包吃得精光。
15.I’ve________all my pockets but I can’t find my keys.
A．gone through
B．gone by
C．gone after
D．gone against
【解析】 句意为：我把所有的口袋都找遍了，就是找不到我的钥匙。go through 仔细检查，符合句意。go by 过去，消逝；go after 追逐；go against 违背，均与句意不符。
【答案】 A
Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds，causing serious damage.
有些地方几乎全部被杂草覆盖，造成严重破坏。
causing serious damage是现在分词作结果状语，表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词之后，与句子的主干之间含有逻辑上的因果关系，往往带有必然性。它须放在句子之后，用逗号隔开。
This kind of fish can eat a person in two minutes，leaving only the bones.这种鱼能在两分钟内吃掉一个人，只留下一堆骨头。
He dropped the glass，breaking it into pieces.
他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
现在分词作结果状语，表示一种必然的结果。
不定式作结果状语，往往表示主语未曾预料到的结果，尤其是不愉快的结果。不定式前往往有only提示。
He hurried to the station only to be told the train had already left.他匆忙赶往车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。
16.用括号中单词的to do或doing形式填空
(1)He hurried to school without breakfast，only________(find)it was Sunday.
(2)Cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time，________(make)it difficult for the body to function properly.
(3)He picked up a big stone，only________(drop)it on his own feet.
(4)His parents died in the accident when he was only five，________(leave)him an orphan.
【答案】 (1)to find (2)making (3)to drop (4)leaving
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We i________a lot of time and effort in the development of the new machine.
【答案】 invested
2．Because of the weather，they had to________(使转向) their ship from its course.
【答案】 divert
3．The best way to deal with an impolite person is to i________him.
【答案】 ignore
4．His work was judged objectively as well as s________.
【答案】 subjectively
5．The speaker said that he was feeling highly h________as one of the guests invited to the press conference.
【答案】 honoured
6．The company is planning to________(扩大) its production scale.
【答案】 enlarge
7．It’s impossible to prove the________(存在) of God.
【答案】 existence
8．Don’t waste________(宝贵的) time talking to him.
【答案】 precious
9．I will________(推荐) you as his secretary.
【答案】 recommend
10．Potatoes turn green when________(暴露) to light.
【答案】 exposed
Ⅱ.短语运用
in request，be responsible for，at the mercy of，be honoured for，at a rough estimate，in return，in the absence of，show no mercy，consist of，make a compromise with
11．_____，the bridge is about 2 kilometers long.
【答案】 At a rough estimate
12．A postcard is enclosed for your convenience________further information.
【答案】 in request
13．The little tree was__________the strong wind.
【答案】 at the mercy of
14. I’ll let you borrow it on one condition—(that) you lend me your bicycle_________.
【答案】 in return
15．The soldier________his bravery.
【答案】 has been honored for
16．At last the two parts_______each other.
【答案】 made a compromise with
17．It can judge your honesty while all other people are________the scene.
【答案】 in the absence of
18．The king________and killed all the prisoners.
【答案】 showed no mercy
19．Not I but he should___________the accident.
【答案】 be responsible for
20．The committee___________ten members.
【答案】 consists of
Ⅲ.完成句子
21．我不想卷入到关于该责备谁的冗长的争论中。
I don’t want to ________ ________ ________ some lengthy argument about who is to blame.
【答案】 get involved in
22．我们应该提高公众吸烟有害健康的意识。
We should ________ ________ ________that smoking is harmful.
【答案】 raise public awareness
23．他们正在为建校舍筹集资金。
They are ________ ________ ________the school building.
【答案】 raising money for
24．现在有足够的证据证明他有罪。
________ ________ ______ ______to prove his guilt now.
【答案】 There is enough evidence
25．这篇文章有许多拼写错误，即使这样它还不失为一篇优秀的文章。
There are many spelling mistakes；________ ________，it’s quite a good essay.
【答案】 even so