2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修七Module 3
知识详解
① serve v． 服务；服役；端上(饭菜)，供应；满足……的需要；合乎(目的)；接待
(回归课本P30)The warden，helped by two women，served the soup from this pot at meal times.
开饭的时候，大师傅在锅边舀粥，有两个女人替他打杂。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①As Party members，we should serve the people heart and soul.
作为党员，我们要全心全意为人民服务。
②After graduation，he returned to Greece to serve in the army.
毕业后，他回到希腊服军役。
③Are you being served？有人接待您了吗？
④(朗文P1798)The old couch had to serve as a guest bed.
这张旧的长沙发只好用作客人的床了。
⑤The two are not the same and don’t serve the same purpose.
二者不是一回事，并且用途也不同。
【即境活用】
1．Dinner is ________ from six to nine in that restaurant.For twenty years this practice has ________ unchanged.
A．eaten；lasted
B．served；remained
C．given；kept
D．ordered；developed
解析：选B。句意是：那家饭店从六点到九点提供晚餐。长达二十年了，这种习惯一直没有改变。第一个空用serve的被动语态形式，表示“(饭菜)被提供”。第二个空用remained作系动词用，表示“保持”，unchanged作表语。
2.The animal bones found in the tomb will ________ as important materials for the scientific study.
A．look
B．treat
C．serve
D．regard
解析：选C。serve as充当。句意为“在这墓中发现的动物骨头，将作为科学研究的重要材料。”
② reward n． 报酬；奖励；赏金
vt. 酬劳；奖赏
(回归课本P31)The next morning a notice was put up on the door of the workhouse，offering a reward to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist.
第二天早晨，济贫院大门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇用奥利弗的人提供奖赏。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①I didn’t do it for reward；I did it for love.
我不是为了报酬做这件事，只是由于爱好。
②He was given a medal as a reward for his service.
作为对所提供服务的奖赏，他得到了一枚奖章。
③He gained a reward of $ 900 for catching the criminal.
他因抓获罪犯而获得900美元的酬金。
④If they meet these objectives，they should be rewarded with more than kind words.
如果他们达成目标，就要论功行赏，光是讲好话是不够的。
【易混辨析】
award，reward，prize
(1)award和reward都可以用作名词和动词。作名词时，二者意义相近，但不是同义词：award的意思是“奖品，奖金”，与prize近似,都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖；reward意为
“赏金，酬金，奖励，报酬”。
(2)用作动词时，award的意思是“授予，颁发,判给”；reward则表示“报答，酬谢”，构成的搭配有reward sb.for sth./doing sth.意思是“因为某事而奖励某人”。
(3)reward也可以用于比喻义。
(4)prize作名词，意为“奖励，奖赏，奖品，奖金”；作动词，意为“珍视，高度重视”；作形容词，意为“优秀的，典范的”。
①Have you attended the award ceremony?
②She was awarded a medal for bravery by the local government.
③A reward will be paid to anyone who brings back the money that he lost.
④First prize was a weekend for two in Paris.
【即境活用】
3．(河北衡水中学高三第二次模拟)The lady ________ the boy with two dollars for bringing back her lost dog.
A．rewarded B．paid
C．offered
D．presented
解析：选A。句意是:这个男孩给这位女士带来了她丢失的狗，她为此酬谢这个男孩两美元。reward表示“酬谢”。pay“支付”；offer“提供”；present“呈送”。
4.(福建福州三中高三月考)It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ________.
A．rewards
B．prizes
C．awards
D．results
解析：选A。句意：人们普遍认为婴儿学会做事情是因为某些行为有奖励。此处reward表示“奖励；回报”。后三项分别表示“奖品”、“奖赏”、“结果”。
③intend vt. 意欲；打算；想要；计划
(回归课本P37)Some years later，Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month.
几年后，皮普获悉一个不知道姓名的人愿意每个月都给他一些钱。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①I intended to go to the park，but my son intended that I should go with him to see a film.
我打算去公园，但我儿子打算让我陪他去看场电影。
②He intends his son to manage the company.
他打算让儿子经营该公司。
③These books are intended for the young.
这是专供年轻人阅读的书籍。
④I had intended to give you a hand，but I was busy then.
我本来打算帮助你的，但我当时很忙。
【即境活用】
5．(浙江衢州一中高三上学期期中)Jack would love to go to the cinema with his dad，but the film is ________ for adults only.
A．admitted
B．intended
C．promised
D．permitted
解析：选B。句意是：杰克想与他的父亲一起去看电影，但是这部电影仅供成年人观看。be intended for“专供某人使用”。admit允许；promise许诺；permit允许。
6.All the photographs in our website are ________ for educational purposes only and are not for commercial use in any form.
A．enclosed
B．inspected
C．related
D．intended
解析：选D。句意：我们网站的所有照片都只是为教育目的而准备的，不能用于任何形式的商业用途。be intended for意为“为……而设计；为……而准备”，符合句意。
④in astonishment 惊讶地；吃惊地
(回归课本P30)He stared in complete astonishment at the child and held on to the pot for support.
他瞪着那个孩子，完全惊呆了，手抓着锅以求站稳。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①She stared at him in astonishment.
她吃惊地盯着他。
②To my astonishment，they published the poem and sent me two dollars.
出乎我意料的是，他们发表了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。
③What astonished me most was that he appeared at the party.
他出现在宴会上，使我们感到非常惊讶。
④Everybody was astonished at the news.
这消息令大家惊讶。
⑤(朗文P1849) We walked back to the house in silence.
我们默不作声地走回房子去。
【即境活用】
7．“Didn’t you have a good time at the party？”she looked at me and asked ________ astonishment.
A．in B．to
C．for
D．by
解析：选A。in astonishment是固定短语，作状语，意为“惊奇地”。to one’s astonishment表示“使某人感到惊奇的是”一般用于句首。
8.Looking at her _____ looks，we were ____.
A．astonished；confused
B．astonishing；confusing
C．astonishment；confused
D．astonished；confusing
解析：选A。修饰look，voice，expression等词
的词一般用过去分词形式，故第一空使用astonished;第二空confused为过去分词作表语。
⑤a huge amount of 大量的
(回归课本P41)Dickens always had a huge amount of energy.
狄更斯总是精力充沛。
【归纳总结】
【注意】 the number of虽与a number of只有一词之差，但它表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
【例句探源】
①It’s best to cook vegetables in a small amount of water.
烹制蔬菜时最好少放些水。
②There is a great deal of traffic on the road.
路上车辆很多。
③A large number of mistakes were made in the composition.
作文中出现了许多错误。
④The number of the students in my class is 50.
我班有50位学生。
【即境活用】
9．Jack has a large ________ of books while Tom has a large ________ of money.
A．amount；number B．number；amount
C．plenty；amount
D．amount；lot
解析：选B。a large number of后跟可数名词复数，a large amount of后跟不可数名词。
10.________ money has been spent in building the modern library，where we can read books in our spare time.
A．A great number of
B．A large amount of
C．A good many
D．Quite a lot
解析：选B。句意是：大量的钱都花在建造这家现代图书馆了，在那儿我们在业余时间可以阅览书籍。此句要用a large amount of与不可数名词money连用。A、C项后接复数名词; quite a lot要接介词of。
句型梳理
【教材原句】 No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.(P31)
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
【句法分析】 句中no sooner...than...意为“刚一……就……”。
①No sooner had the football game started than it began to rain.足球赛刚开始就下起雨来了。
②No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.
他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。
表示“一……就……”的其他结构；
(1)hardly...when/scarcely...when，注意该结构同no sooner...than一样，句子主句谓语动词用过去完成时，从 句谓语动词用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时，句子用倒装语序。
(2)as soon as；the moment/minute/instant...；immediately/instantly
(3)on＋名词/v.－ing 形式
on his arrival；on hearing the news
(4)at＋名词 at the sight of
③Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。
④I had scarcely got up when someone came to see me.
我刚刚起床，就有人来找我。
⑤I’ll tell you the result immediately I get it.
我一得到结果就告诉你。
⑥On seeing her mother，she burst into tears.
一见到她妈妈，她就放声大哭起来。
⑦We hadn’t met for 20 years，but I recognized her the moment I saw her.
我和她20年没见面了，可我一见到她就认出了她。
⑧The young couple went to Europe as soon as they got married.这对年轻夫妇一结婚就去了欧洲。
⑨At the news，they ran away as fast as they could.
他们一听到消息，就尽快跑开了。
【即境活用】
11．—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No，no sooner ________ than it happened.
A．had she gone B．she had gone
C．has she gone
D．she has gone
解析：选A。no sooner...than... 为固定结构形式，表示“刚一……就……”，no sooner后常接“had＋主语＋done”这一倒装结构。
12．完成句子
____________________________ than he sent me an e－mail.
他一到巴黎就给我发了一封电子邮件。
答案：No sooner had he arrived in Paris