Unit 3Fairness for all & Unit 4Learning efficiently &Unit5Enjoying novels
核心单词
1. prohibit
vt.禁止；阻止
Smoking is prohibited in this railway carriage.
本节车厢禁止吸烟。
常用结构：
prohibit sth./sb.(from) doing sth.禁止¡¡做某事
The guard came over and prohibited us from entering the theatre. 警卫走过来阻止我们进入剧院。
联想拓展：
prohibition n.禁止；禁令
prohibitive adj.（以法令）禁止的
prevent sth./sb.(from) doing sth.阻止¡¡做某事
stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth.阻止¡¡做某事
keep sb./sth. from doing sth.阻止¡¡做某事
forbid sb./sth. to do sth.禁止¡¡做某事
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
高手过招
完成句子
①他被禁止担任主任的职务。
He is prohibited
a director.
②宪法禁止总统任期超过两届。
The president is constitutionally prohibited
more than two terms in office.
③这项法案明确禁止任何委员会将钱用于政治活动中。
The Act specifically prohibits any council
money for political purposes.
答案：①from being
②from serving
③from spending
2. submit
vt.使服从；呈递；主张
vi.提交；服从
He was losing the fight but he wouldn¡¯t submit.
他被打败了，但不屈服。
常用结构：
submit to sb./sth.顺从／服从／屈从某人/某事
submit sth. to sb.把¡¡递交／提交／呈递给某人
submit+thatclause （正式）建议／认为
We must submit a report to the committee at the end of this month.
我们必须在这个月月底向委员会提交一份报告。
We submitted that the case couldn¡¯t be proved.
我们认为这个案件无法证实。
联想拓展：
submission n.服从；提交（物）；投降；谦恭
force/frighten sb. into submission 强迫／恐吓某人屈服
in submission to屈从；屈服；顺从
in my submission 我认为
高手过招：
单句改错
①I submitted out my resignation yesterday.
②The developers submitted building plans to the council as approval.
③She submitted her report for the committee.
答案：①去掉out
②as→for
③for→to
3. seize
vt. 抓住；捉住；夺；夺取；攻占；控制；逮捕；俘获
He seized her by the arm. 他抓住她的胳膊。
They seized the airport in a surprise attack.
他们突袭攻占了机场。
The man was seized as he left the building.
那个男人在离开那栋房子时被抓获。
常用结构：
seize on chance抓住机会
seize hold of sth.(突然)抓住某物
seize up （机器）失灵；停止运转
高手过招
完成句子
①资讯界立即对这件丑闻抓住不放。
The scandal was immediately
by the press.
②暴风雪期间全市陷于瘫痪。
The whole city
during the blizzard.
③他从她手里夺过了书。
He seized the book
her hand.
答案： ①seized upon
②seized up
③from
4. competent
adj. 有能力的；能胜任的
常用结构：
be competent as作为¡¡胜任，有能力胜任¡¡
be competent at/in sth.在¡¡方面有能力
be competent to do sth.有能力/胜任/有权力做某事
She is competent to do the task. 她能胜任这项工作。
联想拓展：
competence n.能力；胜任；本领
高手过招
完成句子
①确保该公司有能力进行这项工作。
Make sure the firm is competent
the work.
②如果要学习英文，你首先必须找一位称职的教师。
If you want to learn English, you must first find
.
答案： ①to carry out
②a competent teacher
5. consult
vt.查阅（参考书，字典）；参考；请教（某人）；向（医师）求诊
vi.（与人）商量；协议（指以对等关系互相发表意见）
I consulted a dictionary for the meaning of the word.
我查词典找这个词的词义。
She consulted a lawyer about her divorce.
她向律师请教有关她离婚的事。
He consulted with his business partners about the matter.
他与商业合伙人商议这件事。
联想拓展：
consultant n.
顾问，提供咨询的专家
consultation n.
请教；咨询；讨论
be in consultation with
与（人）协议中
高手过招
用适当的介词填空
①The president had consulted
European leaders
taking action.
②A number of students are consulting their teacher
the result
the exam.
答案：①with； before
②about；of
重点短语
6. by coincidence
巧合，碰巧
By coincidence, we arrived here at the same time.
碰巧我们一同到达这儿。
联想拓展：
by a strange coincidence
巧得出奇
by chance/accident
偶然地；无意地
What a coincidence!
真巧!
高手过招
完成句子
①碰巧我们两个都上同一所学校。
, we both went to the same school.
②不幸的是，在他丢了工作的那天，他们家又偏巧遭人偷窃。
By an
coincidence, their house was burgled on the day he lost his job.
③他们两个同一天在巴黎纯粹是个巧合。
It was
coincidence that they were both in Paris on the same day.
答案：①By coincidence
②unfortunate
③pure
7. offer sb. a lift
（主动）让某人搭顺路车
联想拓展：
give sb. a lift让某人搭顺路车
ask sb. for a lift搭某人的便车
take a/the lift坐／乘电梯
Can you give me a lift to the station? 你能顺便送我去车站吗？
高手过招
完成句子
我让司机带我一程，但是他拒绝了。
I
the driver for a lift but he refused.
答案：asked
8. live out
活过；实践
Will the old man live out the month?这位老人能活过这个月吗？
联想拓展：
live out one¡¯s dreams实现某人的梦想
live for sth.为¡¡而活
live on继续活着；继续存在
live on sth.以¡¡为食
live through sth.经历（灾难或其他困难）而幸存
live up to sth.达到，符合；不辜负（他人的期望）
高手过招
翻译句子
①Students can live out if they wish.
如果学生们愿意,他们可以在外面寄宿。
②Don¡¯t bother me, OK? Just let me live out my life in peace and in private.
别打扰我了,好不好?就让我一个人安安静静地度过后半辈子吧。
9. under the name of
化名为，用¡¡的名字
He writes under the name of Lu Xun. 他用鲁迅这个名字写作。
联想拓展：
by name用名字，名叫
by the name of名叫¡¡的
name after以¡¡命名
in name名义上，有名无实的
in the name of以¡¡的名义
with the name名叫；用¡¡的名字
高手过招
完成句子
①他用尼姆罗德的名字做了那件事。
He did it
Nimrod.
②我以总统的名义前来迎接您。
I greet you
the President.
答案：①under the name of
②in the name of
重点句型
10. ...it is up to you to practise, practise and practise.
¡¡这全靠你自己去练习、练习、再练习。
be up to是（某人的）责任；由（某人）决定
联想拓展：
up to 直到，到¡¡为止（用于地点、数量、程度、时间等）；(口语)计划什么（坏事）；忍住¡¡；胜任（通常用于疑问句或否定句）。
It¡¯s up to him to decide. 这由他来决定。
I see what you are up to. 我知道你在动什么脑筋。
She¡¯s up to that job. 她能胜任那份工作。
高手过招
翻译句子
①I could reach just up to his waist.
我只能够到他的腰。
②The process is expected to take up to two years.
这一过程预计最多需要两年。
③I was not up to her standards.
我还未达到她的标准。
11. ..., so the dilemma of her heroines was also to marry but for love.
¡¡, 所以她作品中女主人公也为了无爱情的婚姻而困扰。
but for除了；除了¡¡以外；相当于except for。
But for his habit of smoking, he would be a perfect man.
除了吸烟的习惯外，他是个完美的人。
温馨提示：
but for常见的意思是¡°要不是；多亏¡¡；否则¡±，多用虚拟语气。
But for your help, I would not have finished the work.
多亏你的帮助，否则我不可能完成这项工作。
高手过招
完成句子
①我沿着百老汇走，街上除了偶尔经过的出租车以外几乎空无一人。
I walked along Broadway, deserted
the occasional cab.
②要不是你，游戏可能已经结束了。
The game could be over
you.
答案：①but for
②but for