专题四 议论文型读写任务
专题导读 专题四 │专题导读 议论文型读写任务的写作要抓住文章的主要信息点，剔除细节信息是写摘要的基本要求。 议论文的内容包括“观点(或问题)、论据、结论”三个方面，所以摘要就是把这三个方面说清楚。 注意：议论文的主体部分是论证的过程，论据占有很大的部分，但在写摘要的时候，不需要详细写论证的过程，因为它有很多细节信息，而细节信息是写摘要所应该剔除的，所以议论文的摘要应当将“观点、论据、结论”三个方面同等对待。 完成议论文型读写任务的步骤： 专题四 │专题导读 1．审读阅读材料 [寻找作者的观点、论据和结论] 2．概括原文的观点 [转述作者的观点、论据和结论] 3．提出自己的观点 [赞成或反对] 4．论证自己的观点 [用事例论证自己的观点] 5. 结论 真题典例 专题四 │真题典例 【2010·广东卷】 阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 In junior high school, one of my classmates, Ethan, was addicted to TV.This boy simply knew everything about
such pop shows as Who’s the Boss? Then one day Ethan’s mother made him an offer in order to draw him back to his school subjects.She promised that she would give him $200 if he could go a full month without watching any TV.None of us thought Ethan could do it, but he did quit TV.His mom paid him $200.He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find. 专题四 │真题典例 In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with cash for showing up or getting good grades.All school kids admire this trend.But it upsets adults.Teachers say that we are rewarding kids for doing what they should be doing of their own will.Psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap.The debate has become a typical battle over why our kids are not learning at the rate they should be despite decades of reforms and budget increases. 专题四 │真题典例 【写作内容】 1．以约30词概括上文的主要内容； 2．以约120词对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的现象进行议论，内容包括： (1)你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法； (2)你的父母(或其他亲人)是如何鼓励你学习的； (3)你认为怎样才能更好地鼓励孩子学习。 【写作要求】 1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
专题四 │真题典例 One possible version： The_passage_is_mainly_about_parents_giving_money_to_their_children_so_that_they_can_show_up_or_get_good_grades_recently_by_the_way_of_taking_the_example_of_Ethan_and_his_mother. ... 专题四 │ 新题预测 新题预测 (一) 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Diligence and Laziness In general, diligence is the motive power of success.As it is, there are so many people who have been successful in their careers owing to diligence.To take Dr.Sun Yatsen for example, he had been busy running about the democratic revolution of China for forty years, which in the long run gave birth to the 专题四 │ 新题预测 Republic of China.Compared with diligence, laziness is just opposite to it.Ten to one, failure often results from laziness.It is not too much to say that laziness is the main factor of failure. No doubt, it pays to be diligent, but it’s wrong to work and work without taking a rest.Undoubtedly, we may take some time off after hard work.We must recognize that being lazy may do good to us once in a while.Can you imagine that we take a rest for the purpose of taking a longer walk? Of course, we cannot be too diligent.On the other hand, we also shouldn’t ignore the timely laziness.Because of this, we can find that diligence with proper laziness may lead to a wholesome life. 专题四 │ 新题预测 【写作内容】 以“My Attitude Towards Laziness”为主题发表自己的看法，要点包括： 1．以约30词概括上面短文的主要内容； 2．然后以约120词谈谈你的观点，并要做到以下两点： (1)观点明确； (2)论证有理有力。 【写作要求】 1．在作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。 专题四 │ 新题预测 One possible version： Generally,_diligence_contributes_to_success_while_laziness_results_in_failure.But_working_continuously_is_wrong_and_so_diligence_with_right_laziness_gives_rise_to_a_wholesome_life. Diligence often brings us success and laziness failure.However, taking some rest can do us good. A balance of diligence and laziness can be beneficial. No_one_of_those_who_succeed_attains_accomplishment_at_once.The_road_to_prominence_is_long_and_winding,_ 专题四 │ 新题预测 requiring_constant_drive_to_overcome_obstacles_along_the_way.At_often_times,_laziness_makes_us_lose_the_determination_needed_to_reach_our_final_destinations.Without_hard_work,_one_may_be_easily_frustrated_by_possible_setbacks_and_may_even_give_up_half_way. The_unquestionable_harm_of_laziness_can_be_testified_through_a_low_graduation_rate_of_students_pursuing_a_medical_career_in_the_United_States.To_become_a_doctor,_one_must_go_through_nine_years_of_university_education_and_several_more_as_an_intern.During_the_long_process,_a_lot_of_prospective_students_do_not_work_hard_enough_to_master_necessary_expertise_and_experience,_as_a_result_they_can’t_go_on_to_work_as_doctors. Thus,_it_is_safe_to_conclude_that_laziness_prevents_us_from_becoming_successful. 专题四 │ 新题预测 (二) 请根据下面的阅读材料和写作要求，写一篇150 词左右的英语短文。 假设你要参加一场英语辩论赛，主题为“是不是快乐没痛苦才是真正的幸福”。在参赛之前，你查看相关的资料，并准备你的辩论发言。请认真阅读下面的短文，然后完成以下的任务。 专题四 │ 新题预测 【阅读材料】 The way people hold the belief that a funfilled, painfree lifestyle equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever obtaining real happiness.If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness，then pain must be equal to unhappiness.But in fact，the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness contain some pain. As a result，many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness.They fear the pain inevitably (不可避免地) brought by such things as marriage，raising children，professional achievement, religious commitment, selfimprovement. 专题四 │ 新题预测 Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying.If he is honest，he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment，for commitment is in fact quite painful.The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement.Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples，with infant children, are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep of a threeday vacation.We don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.But couples that decide not to have children ever know the joys of watching a child grow up or playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true 专题四 │ 新题预测 happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations.It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can really increase our happiness.It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes to increase our happiness now seems pointless.And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who always have so much fun actually may not be happy at all. 专题四 │ 新题预测 【写作内容】 1．概括短文内容要点，该部分的词数大约30。 2．就“是不是快乐没痛苦才是真正的幸福”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包括以下内容要点，该部分的词数大约120： (1)以你自己为例，简述你对金钱、快乐的看法。 (2)你如何看待“快乐没痛苦才是真正的幸福”的观点。 (3)你身边的同学关于“快乐没痛苦才是真正的幸福”的观点。 (4)你对身边同学的观点持什么看法？为什么？ 【写作要求】 你可以使用实例和其他论述方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。 【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
专题四 │ 新题预测 One possible version： A_funfilled,_painfree_lifestyle_equaling_happiness_actually_reduces_their_chances_of_ever_obtaining_real_happiness._As_a_result，many_people_avoid_the_very_attempts_that_are_the_source_of_true_happiness.And_the_real_happiness_always_contains_some_pain.On_the_other_hand,_true_happiness_has_nothing_to_do_with_fun._All_those_who_always_have_so_much_fun_actually_may_not_be_happy_at_all. I_have_a_bitter_experience._When_I_was_a_child,_I_lived_a_poor_life,_and_I_had_a_happy_and_meaningful_life_in_my_childhood._And_my_parents_were_always_respecting_each_other._And_now_we_have_some_money,_ 专题四 │ 新题预测 and_our_life_has_improved_a_lot._To_tell_the_truth,_it_is_a_good_thing._Unfortunately,_my_father_always_goes_out_and_takes_part_in_the_gambling_activities._And_my_mother_sometimes_quarrels_with_my_father._I_am_extremely_unhappy_about_it._I_think_money_doesn’t_equal_happiness._And_painfree_lifestyle_also_doesn’t_equal_happiness._The_real_happiness_is_that_everyone_loves_each_other,_and_does_everything_useful_for_our_society._Most_of_my_classmates_support_me._But_some_of_them_think_money_is_everything._In_my_opinion,_we_can’t_do_things_without_money._But_money_can’t_take_the_place_of_everything,_such_as_your_life,_your_time_and_your_happiness.