Unit 2 Working the land
教 材 面 面 观
单词拓展
1.________n．统计；统计数字
2．________n．斗争
3．________n．饥饿 ________adj.饥饿的
________adv.饥饿地
4．________n．自由 ________adj.自由的
________adv.自由地
5．________n．国籍 ________adj.国家的
________n．国家
6．________n．职业；占领 ________vt.占领
7．________n．遗憾 ________vt.惋惜
________adj.遗憾的
8．________n．生产 ________vt. & vi.生产
________n．生产者
9．________n．发现 ________vt.发现
________n．发现者
10．________vt.使变大
11．________v．循环；流传 ________n．循环
12．________vt.装备 ________n．设备
13．________vt.出口 ________n．出口
14．________vt.划线；标出；强调
15．________adj.化学的 ________n．化学
________adv.化学地短语回顾1.________for为……而斗争
2．in the past________
在过去的几十年里
3．________for
渴求
4．search________
搜寻
5．thanks________
多亏，由于
6．get________of
摆脱，除去
7．be________with
对……感到满意的
8．would________
宁愿，宁可
9．even________
尽管，即使
10．care________
喜欢，愿意，照顾
11．________of
梦想
12．build________
逐渐增强，建立
13．________addition
除此之外，另外
14．turn________
转向，求助于
15．focus________
集中(注意力，精力)于……句型背诵1.This special strain of rice________ ________possible________ ________onethird more of the crop in the same fields.
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获1/3的产量。
2．Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests________ ________ ________ ________before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。
3．He________much________keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
自我诊断
单词拓展
1．statistic 2.struggle 3.hunger，hungry，hungrily
4．freedom，free，freely 5.nationality，national，nation
6．occupation，occupy 7.regret，regret，regretful
8．production，produce，producer 9.discovery，discover，discoverer 10.expand 11.circulate，circulation 12.equip，equipment 13.export，exportation 14.underline 15.chemical，chemistry，chemically
短语回顾
1．struggle 2.decades 3.hunger 4.for 5.to 6.rid
7．satisfied 8.rather 9.if 10.for 11.dream 12.up 13.in 14.to 15.on
句型背诵
1．makes it；to produce 2.twice as large as 3.would；rather
考 点 串 串 讲
重点单词1.confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难
They confused me by their conflicting advice.
他们的建议相互矛盾，把我弄糊涂了。
You confused Australia with Austria.
你把澳大利亚和奥地利搞混了。
His granddaughter confused the papers on his desk.
他的孙女把他书桌上的书信文件弄乱了。
●用法拓展
confuse A with B把A和B混淆
be confused in mind心烦意乱
be/become/get confused with one's blunder
因做错事而发慌/窘，不知所措即境活用单项填空
①I was so________in today's history lesson.I didn't understand a thing.
A．amazed B．neglected
C．confused
D．amused
完成句子
②Bush________with the facts.
布什总统被这样的事实弄糊涂了。
③He made a________(莫名其妙的讲话)．
答案：①C
②got confused ③confusing speech
2．supply n．&vt.供给；供应；提供
Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.
我们的农场为市场提供水果和蔬菜。
We supply power to the three nearby towns.
我们对附近的三个城镇提供电力。
They are engaged in the supply of small parts of replacement.
他们从事提供备用小零件的工作。
●用法拓展
have a good/large supply of备有许多
in short supply供应不足
supply the market with new commodities向市场供应新商品
supply a want弥补不足
supply a need/demand满足需要即境活用单项填空
①In previous times，when fresh meat was in short________，pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.
A．store
B．provision
C．reserve
D．supply
用适当的介词填空
②They supply the children________all the things they needed.
③The nursery supplied food________the children.
④We're provided________nothing but fresh air.
答案：①D ②with ③to ④with
3．struggle n．努力；奋斗；斗争；挣扎 vi.斗争；挣扎
The struggle between the two teams was hard.
这两个队之间的斗争很艰苦。
When he passed，he saw a little boy struggling in the water.
他路过时看到一个小孩在水中挣扎。
The wounded soldier struggled in the forest.
受伤的士兵在森林中艰难地行进。
●用法拓展
struggle for sth.为争取……而奋斗
struggle with/against同……作斗争
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
The human being struggles with his environment.
人类和环境竞争。
He devoted his life to struggling for freedom for all.
他一生致力于为争取所有人的自由而斗争。
The lion made a sudden angry noise and struggled to its feet.
狮子突然发出一阵怒吼，挣扎着站了起来。即境活用单项填空
Rosa Parks was respected by the black people because she had been struggling________equality all her life.
A．with
B．against
C．in
D．for
答案：D
4．expand vt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述
●用法拓展
expand into/to使扩大，变大
expand on/upon阐述；详谈，进一步说明
expansion n．扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展
expansive adj.友善健谈的；(面积)广阔的，辽阔的
●易混辨析
expand，extend，spread与stretch
expand 展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend 伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
spread 伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。
stretch 伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长，也可指“伸展四肢”。即境活用单项填空
Iron________when it's heated.
A．extends
B．spreads
C．widens
D．expands
答案：D 句意为：铁受热时会膨胀。expand指由于内部或外部的力量而使物体扩大；extend指时间与空间的延伸，范围的扩大；spread指物体的表面或地域上的扩展，消息的传播；widen“加宽，变宽”。
5．disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
It is very disturbing that we haven't heard from him.
我们没有听到他的消息深感不安。
●用法拓展
disturb vt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑；使不安
disturbed adj.扰乱的；精神失常的
①I'm sorry to disturb you so early.
对不起，我这么早打扰你。
②She was disturbed to hear you had been injured in the accident.
她听到你在事故中受了伤感到不安。
●易混辨析
disturb与interrupt
disturb多指扰乱、中断别人的工作等，使其无法继续。
interrupt常用于打断别人的讲话，直接插话。
①Well, if you do that, you'll disturb your neighbours.
噢，如果你那么做，你会妨碍邻居的。
②It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.
在别人谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。即境活用单项填空
In many areas in the world ecosystem is ________， leading to global warming and many natural disasters.
A．interrupted B．disturbed
C．troubled
D．upset
答案：B
6．reduce vt.缩减，减少；降低，使……陷入某种地步
●用法拓展
reduce sth. to...减少到……
reduce sth. by...减少了……
reduce sb. (from sth.)to sth.降职
reduce sb./sth.(from sth.)to sth.＝be reduced to...
使某人或者某物陷入某种(通常指更坏的)状态或状况中。(常用于被动语态中)
①Now the cost of a bike has been reduced from 80 dollars to 50 dollars.
现在一辆自行车的成本已从80美元降至到50美元。
②The number of smokers there is said to have been reduced by 30%.
据说那里的吸烟人数已减少了30%。
③Life in the city was hard and many people were reduced to begging on the streets.
城市生活非常的艰难，许多人都沦落到沿街乞讨的地步。
④The reform has reduced us to servants of the state.
这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。即境活用单项填空
—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into air.
—Yes. But I'm sure something will be done to ________ the air pollution.
A．reduceB．remove
C．collect
D．warn
答案：A
7．satisfy vt.满足(需要；欲望等)
That answer won't satisfy her.
那个回答不能令她满意。
Our company will do everything to satisfy our customers.
我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。
You can't apply for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions.
符合某些条件前，你不能申请这个工作。
Are you satisfied that he is telling the truth?
你能否确信他是在讲实话吗？
●归纳延伸
satisfy the eye悦目
satisfy the people's needs满足人民需要
satisfy one's desire/curiosity满足欲望/好奇心即境活用单项填空
①He gave a ________ smile.
A．satisfiedB．satisfying
C．satisfies
D．satisfaction
②He hung up the phone，________ with a smile on his face.
A．having satisfied
B．to be satisfied
C．satisfying
D．satisfied
答案：①A ②D
8．comment n．评论，议论 vi. & vt.表达意见，做出评论
He made no comments on our proposal.
他对我们的建议没有作评论。
His conduct at social gatherings created a lot of comment.
他在社交聚会上的表现引起许多闲话。
He commented that her acting was superb.
他评论说，她的演技精湛。
●归纳延伸
comment on/about对……作评论即境活用单项填空
①The director made no comments ________ his new film.
A．on B．to
C．for
D．in
翻译句子
②他对我的话未作评论。
________________________________________________________________________
③他评论这电影很精彩。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①A
②He did not comment on what I said.
③He commented that it was an excellent film.
9．focus n．焦点；中心点 v．集中；聚焦
①Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph.
要照出清晰的照片，就要把焦点对准物体。
②She always wants to be the focus of attention.
她老想成为人们注意的中心。
③A defect of vision prevented him from focusing accurately.
视力上的缺陷使他不能准确对焦。
④You can focus your telescope on that distant television tower.
你可以对着那座远方的电视塔调节望远镜的镜头。
●用法拓展
(1)focus on集中在……上
(2)focus one's attention on sth. 把注意力集中在……上
(3)focus one's thoughts on把思想集中在……上
(4)focus one's efforts on把努力集中在……上
①You should focus your attention on what the teacher is saying.
你应该把注意力集中在老师说的话上。
②He focused his thoughts on something else, so he didn't hear my words.
他把注意力集中在别的事情上，因此没有听到我的话。即境活用单项填空
The beams of light moved across the sky and ________ on the plane.
A．lookedB．focused
C．took on
D．worked
答案：B
10．therefore adv.因此，所以；因而
●归纳延伸
(1)therefore可放在现在分词之前，引导表示结果的状语。
(2)表示结果，类似的还有：thus(因而)，consequently(所以)，accordingly(因此)，as a result(结果)等。
①The dollar has gone down against the yen, therefore Japanese goods are more expensive for Americans.
美元兑日元的汇率下跌了，因此日本商品对美国人来说涨价了。
②I've never been to China and therefore I don't know much about it.
我没去过中国，所以知道的不多。
●易混辨析
①therefore不能连接两个并列分句，其前面常用分号或句号。
②so conj.表示结果，意为“因而，所以，那么，这样看来”。adv.表示程度，意为“如此，那么，非常，很”；也可以表示方式，意为“这样，那样，如此”，连接两个并列分句，注意because与so不能搭配使用。
He broke the rules of our school; therefore he was criticized.
他违反了校规，因此受到了批评。
He was badly ill, so he didn't come.＝Because he was badly ill, he didn't come.
他病得很厉害，因此他没来。即境活用单项填空
Progress so far has been very good. ________， we are sure that the project will be completed on time.
A．HoweverB．Otherwise
C．Therefore
D．Besides
答案：C
11．equip vt. & vi.装备；配备；使有准备；使有资格
●用法拓展
(1)be equipped with...＝equip...with...用……装备……
(2)equip sth. on...在……上装备某物
(3)equip sb. for...使某人具有……
(4)a piece of equipment for...一件……的设备
①We can't afford to equip the army properly.
我们无力使军队得到适当的装备。
②They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.
他们带上两把锋利的斧子便朝森林走去。
③Your education will equip you for your future life.
你(所受)的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。
④Having anticipated the problems, I was well equipped to deal with the situation.
由于预先考虑到了这些问题，我有充分的准备去处理局势。即境活用单项填空
① The explorers were told to ________ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage.
A．associate B．equip
C．relate
D．feed
②Somewhat better ________ academically, he returned home to continue his experiment.
A．furnished
B．equipped
C．provided
D．installed
答案：①B ②B
重点短语
1.rid...of免除；摆脱；从……清除
We'll have to get rid of him.
我们必须摆脱他。
I want to rid this city of corruption!
我要这座城市摆脱腐败现象！
●用法拓展
get rid of摆脱即境活用完成句子
①He can't________.
他伤风老是不好。
②He is________.
他不发烧了。
答案：①get rid of colds ②rid of fever
2．would rather宁愿；宁可
I would rather remain poor than get money by dishonest means.
我宁可安于贫穷，也不愿用不当手段赚钱。
On balance，I think I would rather not commit myself to going with you.
总的说来，我想我不愿答应跟你一起去。
●温馨提示
would rather＋从句，意为“宁愿……”，此时从句中要用虚拟语气，表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成式。
I would rather you posted the email now.
我倒是希望你现在就把这封电子邮件寄走。
I would rather I hadn't met him yesterday.
要是我昨天没见着他就好了。
即境活用单项填空
—Can you tell me how you paid off all the debts?
—________.
A．I would rather not tell you
B．I would rather not to tell you
C．I would rather not telling you
D．I would not rather tell you
答案：B
3．build up逐渐增强；建立；开发
Eventually，these books will build up into a fine library.
最终，这些书将会集聚成为一间很好的藏书室。
The movie company has done so much to build up its honor and prosperity.
这家电影公司为宣扬它的荣誉和繁荣做了如此多的工作。
●用法拓展
由“动词＋up”构成的常见短语有：
pick up捡起；学会
put up举起；提高
hold up阻挡；举起
set up建立、创立
bring up抚养大
take up占用；开始学习(从事)
give up放弃
She soon picked up French when she went to live in France.
她到法国居住后很快就学会了法语。
The large table takes up so much room.
这张大桌子占太多空间了。
The doctors had given her up but she made a remarkable recovery.
医生们已经放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。即境活用单项填空
In order to________his health，Mr Brown works out in the gym every morning.
A．build up
B．give up
C．hold up
D．take up
答案：A
4．thanks to由于，多亏
●用法拓展
because of因为；由于
owing to由于，因……的缘故
as a result of作为……的结果，由于
due to因为，由于
on account of由于
for the reason of由于……的原因
●特别提醒
thanks to是介词短语，在句中作原因状语，常置于句首或句末。thanks to既含原因又含有感激之意。即境活用句型转换
He didn't attend school because he caught a bad cold.
①He didn't attend school________ ________a bad cold.
②He didn't attend school________ ________a bad cold.
③He didn't attend school________ ________ a bad cold.
④He didn't attend school________ ________ ________a bad cold.
答案：①because of ②due to ③owing to ④on account of
5．be satisfied with对……感到满意
be satisfied that...对……感到满意
be satisfied to do sth.乐意做……
①A man who is always satisfied with himself is seldom satisfied with others.
老是满足于自己的人，很少满足于别人。
②Are you satisfied that he is telling the truth?
他说了实话你满意吗？
●用法拓展
satisfying adj.令人满意的
satisfactory adj.令人满意的
satisfaction n．满意，满足
satisfy vt.使满足；使满意
satisfy sb.让某人感到满意
satisfy sb. with sth.因某事而让某人感到满意
①Working with them was our most satisfying activity.
和他们一起劳动是最使我们感到满意的一项活动。
②His intention to study English was satisfactory to us.
他想学英文的意向使我们感到满意。
③The happy news was a satisfaction to us all.
喜讯传来，人人高兴。
④We always satisfy our customers with good service.
我们总是以良好的服务来满足顾客。
即境活用
单项填空
①Having heard my answer, the master nodded ________ satisfaction，“I'm quite satisfied ________ you.”
A．with; withB．on; by
C．in; to
D．in; of
②Some social groups have expressed ________ over whether it is proper to collect such gene samples.
A．satisfaction
B．doubts
C．delight
D．support
答案：①A ②B
6．keep...free from/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)
Eating well and good exercise keep you free from/of cold.
良好的饮食和适度的锻炼使你远离感冒。
●用法拓展
keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep sth. from sb.不想将某事告诉某人
keep back留下；阻止；扣住；隐瞒
keep sb. off sth.使某人远离某物
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep...in mind把……记在心里
keep up保持；继续
keep away from避开；不接近
keep up with跟上
keep to遵守，信守；坚持
①I would have been here sooner, but the rain kept me back.
我被雨所阻，否则早已经到了。
②If you follow my recommendations, you won't keep in touch with her.
如果您听从我的劝告，就不要同她保持联系。
③She tried to keep her children off the street.
她试图让孩子们远离街道。
④She had to run to keep up with them.
她得跑着才能跟上他们。
⑤The company requires the drivers to keep to the schedule.
公司要求司机正点行车。即境活用单项填空
①Ten percent of the workers' salary was ________ by the employer for no right reason.
A．kept awayB．kept off
C．kept back
D．kept up
②I can ________ some noise while I'm studying, but I can't stand very loud noise.
A．put up with
B．get rid of
C．have effects on
D．keep away from
答案：①C ②A
7．lead to导致；造成
①Blindly copying others might very well lead to losses.
盲目搬用别人的经验，很容易造成损失。
②In given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results.
在一定条件下，一件坏事可以导致好的结果。
●用法拓展
lead the way引路
lead a．..life过着……的生活
lead sb. in doing sth.领导某人做某事
lead sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事
take the lead领先；带头
①I'll lead the way; you must follow me.
我带路，你一定得跟着我。
②We are leading a happy life.
我们过着幸福的生活。
③His constant lying led me to distrust everything he said.
他总是撒谎，使得我完全不信他的话了。即境活用单项填空
①The farmers, with burden reduced, will ________.
A．lead happy life B．live happy living
C．lead a happy life
D．live a happy living
完成句子
②You are supposed to ________________ (克服粗心大意), for it often ______________(引起)irretrievable errors.
答案：①C ②get rid of carelessness; leads to
8．be lost in集中注意力于，沉迷于
Losing herself in stories, she didn't notice his coming at all.
入迷的读着故事，她没有注意到他的到来。
●归纳延伸
lost的其他意思：
丢失：The wallet has been lost.
钱包丢了。
迷路：Lost in the forest, the boy seemed terrified.
小男孩在森林中迷路了，他感到恐惧。即境活用用所给词的正确形式填空
①When I entered the classroom I found him ________ (lose) in thought.
②Early explorers got ________(lose) in the jungle.
答案：①lost ②lost
重点句式
1.Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
该句为复合句，what引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语。
what引导的名词性从句相当于名词的作用，可作主语、宾语、表语，且what在从句中要用作主语、宾语或表语。
The question is what he wants to do next.
问题是他下一步想做什么。
What you need is patience.
你需要的是耐心。
Tell me what you would like to drink.
告诉我你想喝什么。
●易混辨析
名词性从句中的that，what与which
(1)that在名词性从句中只起引导作用，不充当句子成分，且在宾语从句中常省略。
It's a pity that Robert can't attend our party.
(2)what在名词性从句中既起引导作用，又充当句子成分，相当于“the＋名词＋定语从句”。
What we need is time.＝Something that we need is time.(what在从句中作宾语)
(3)which在名词性从句中亦充当句子成分，但有限制范围，要求从两者或一群中加以选择。
Tell me which Jones you mean，Jones the baker or Jones the postman？
即境活用单项填空
You can only be sure of________you have at present；you can't be sure of something________you might get in the future.
A．that；what
B．what；/
C．which；that
D．/；that
答案：B
2．In 1974，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
1974年，他成为世界上第一个种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
to grow...output是动词不定式短语作定语；that...output是定语从句，修饰先行词rice。
the first＋n.＋to do...第一个要做……的……
不定式放在表示次序的词the first，the last以及其他如the only，the very，the right等所修饰的名词后面，而且这些名词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系。
He was the first teacher to come.
他是第一个来的老师。
In Maori history，the first traveler to reach New Zealand in the year 950 was a man called Kupe.
在毛利的历史上，公元950年第一个到新西兰的旅行家是一个叫库佩的人。
提示：此种不定式相当于定语从句。如：
He was the first teacher to come.＝He was the first teacher who came.
如果不构成主谓关系，而与动词有逻辑上的动宾关系时，则用过去分词作定语。即境活用单项填空
“Things________never come again！”I couldn't help talking to myself.
A．lost
B．losing
C．to lose
D．have lost
答案：A
3．If so，what do you do to grow them?
如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
If so意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定的含义，如表示否定含义则用if not。
Will you be free this evening？If so，let us go to the concert together.
你今晚有空吗？如果有，我们一起去听音乐会吧。
Is anybody feeling cold？If not，let us open the windows.
有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，我们把窗户打开。
—I hear Tom fell of his bike and hurt his arm.
—If so，let's go and see him.
——我听说汤姆从自行车上掉下来摔伤了胳膊。
——如果是这样的话，我们去看看他吧。
●用法拓展
由if构成的此类省略形式常见的还有：
if any如果有的话
if possible如果可能的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
Point out the mistakes in the sentences，if any.
指出句中的错误，如果有的话。
If possible，try to speak English as often as you can.
如果可能的话，尽可能经常地讲英语。
If necessary，I will go there myself.
如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。即境活用单项填空
—I hear Mr Smith has passed the driving test.
—________.Let's go and congratulate him.
A．Even so
B．If so
C．If any
D．If not
答案：B
4．Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。
twice as large as是英语倍数表示法的一种，是由“倍数＋as＋原级＋as”构成。
This square is twice as large as that one.
这个广场是那个广场的两倍大。
The population of this city is three times as large as that of that city.
这个城市的人口是那个城市的三倍。
●用法拓展
英语中倍数的表示方法还有以下几种形式：
倍数＋比较级＋than...
倍数＋the＋名词＋of...
倍数＋what从句
倍数＋the＋名词＋that从句
There are twice more workers in our company than in that company.
我们公司的员工是那个公司的两倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。
He wants to offer you ten times what Tom has offered to you.
他想给你提供汤姆所给你提供的十倍。
He gave me three times the money that he gave you.
他给我的钱是给你的三倍。即境活用单项填空
—How large will our new school be?
—It will be________it is now.
A．twice as large as
B．as large as twice
C．as twice large as
D．as large as twice
答案：A
5．Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
袁博士从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种能养活更多人的水稻。
with the hope of是介词短语作伴随状语。
He went to the city with the hope of making much money.
●归纳延伸
常用类似结构还有：
with the purpose of...怀有……目的
with the intention of...有……意向
with the aim of...怀有……目标即境活用单项填空
He practiced a lot with the hope of ________ a good mark.
A．get
B．getting
C．to get
D．gotten
答案：B
知 能 层 层 练
一、单项填空
1．His winning the competition has ________ his confidence of himself.
A．set up
B．put up
C．built up
D．made up
答案：C
解析：build up“增强；增加”。set up“建立”；put up“张贴；建立”；make up“化妆；编造”。
2．You must ________ what the teacher explain in the class. Or, you will not be able to grasp the main points of the knowledge.
A．pay attention on
B．take notice of
C．learn from
D．focus on
答案：D
解析：focus on“集中(注意力，精力等)于”，为固定搭配，相当于pay attention to，由此可知D项正确。
3．The terrible traffic problem we are looking forward to ________ should have attracted the local government's attention.
A．see solving
B．see to solve
C．seeing solved
D．seeing solve
答案：C
解析：look forward to中的to为介词，故其后应接动词ing形式；problem与solve之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词solved。
4．The population of Africa is ________ so rapidly as to cause concern of the whole world.
A．expanding
B．stretching
C．extending
D．spreading
答案：A
解析：expand不仅可指尺寸的增加，还可指范围或体积的扩大。stretch一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展；extend指空间范围的扩大或长宽的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长；spread一般指向四面八方扩大或传播。
5．The agent of the private enterprise has started to ________ false stories about the union.
A．get about
B．make away
C．invent
D．circulate
答案：D
解析：circulate false stories“散布谣言”。get about“传播”，为不及物动词短语；make away“急忙离开”；invent“发明”，均与题意不符。
6．Generous public funding of basic science would ________ a good many benefits for the country's health, wealth and security.
A．result from
B．lead to
C．lie in
D．settle down
答案：B
解析：lead to“导致，使产生”，后常接表示结果的名词，符合题意。
7．—Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?
—I'd rather he ________ it blue, and without any decorations.
A．paint
B．painted
C．paints
D．painting
答案：B
解析：would rather后接从句时，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，故选B项。
8．The hotel ________ now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.
A．to be built
B．being built
C．built
D．building
答案：B
解析：build与the hotel构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且由时间状语now判断是正在进行的动作，故用现在分词的被动式作定语。
9．But even here in Paris ________ signs of economic crisis have emerged.
A．disturbed
B．disturbing
C．encouraging
D．encouraged
答案：B
解析：v.ing形式一般修饰物；而v.ed形式一般修饰人，故排除A、D两项。disturbing“令人烦扰的”，符合题意。encouraging“令人感到鼓舞的”。
10．It was ________ your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.
A．as to
B．thanks to
C．but for
D．ought to
答案：B
解析：thanks to强调“多亏”，含有较重的感谢意味。as to“关于”和ought to“应该”不合题意；but for“要不是”，句子常用虚拟语气。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Fresh air and ________(nutrition) food will speed up his recovery.
2．I wonder what the ________(underline)word“it”in this sentence refers to.
3．________(disturb) by so much noise, I couldn't fall asleep until deep into the night.
4．He stood for ________(free)of speech for everyone regardless of color, race or sex.
5．At the International School they have pupils of 46 different ________(national)．
6．Parttime workers often work in lowpaid ________ (occupy)．
7．The latest ________(equip) was brought in from Germany early this year.
8．The ________(discover) of gold in the valleys will enrich the poor mountain area.
9．With ________(produce) up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
10．Scientists can see and study ________(bacterium)with the help of a microscope.
答案：1.nutritious 2.underlined 3.Disturbed 4.freedom
5．nationalities 6.occupations 7.equipment 8.discovery
9．production 10.bacteria
三、选用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
1．A selfish person does not ________ other people's problem.
2．The discovery of new evidence ________ the thief's being caught.
3．They ________ the strong wind and finally reached the village.
4．Take part in the physical exercises and ________ your strength.
5．He did all he could to please the boss ________ getting promoted.
6．Though it was only a 10minute walk, he ________ finding us a taxi.
7．Judging from his expressions, we could see that he ________ our performance.
8．________ the help of a native villager, we got out of the dark cave safely.
答案：1.care about 2.led to 3.struggled against 4.build up 5.with the hope of 6.insisted on 7.was satisfied with
8．Thanks to
四、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子
1．新方法使得我们有可能提前完成任务。(it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
2．他尝试了各种方法消灭房子里的老鼠，但效果都不佳。(rid...of...)
________________________________________________________________________
3．河上的这座新桥是老桥的3倍宽。(as...as)
________________________________________________________________________
4．与那些有许多汉语解释的字典相比，我更喜欢英英字典。(prefer...to...)
________________________________________________________________________
5．目前，公众注意力正集中在全球气候变暖这个问题上。(focus on)
________________________________________________________________________
6．小汤姆不愿意告诉父母他前一天做了什么。(what引导名词性从句)
________________________________________________________________________
7．有足球比赛时，他总是第一个来，最后一个走。(不定式作定语)
________________________________________________________________________
8．与其说他以其成就闻名，还不如说他以精神著称。(more...than...)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.The new method makes it possible for us to complete the task ahead of time.
2．He tried all means to rid the house of mice, but none worked well.
3．The new bridge across the river is three times as wide as the old one.
4．I prefer EnglishEnglish dictionaries to those with much Chinese explanations.
5．Public attention at the moment is focused on the problem of global warming.
6．Little Tom would not tell his parents what he had done the day before.
7．Whenever there is a football match, he is always the first to come and the last to leave.
8．He is famous more for his spirit than for his achievements.
语 法 路 路 通
高考语法专题七 动词及动词短语
知识清单一、各种动词的用法
1．不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语；及物动词后可直接跟宾语，宾语可以是单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语。
2．延续性动词表示一种可以持续一段时间的动作；非延续性动词表示行为或过程是在瞬间完成的。
3．系动词本身有一定含义，但不能独立作谓语，其后常接形容词、名词等作表语，一起构成复合谓语。常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, remain, continue, stay, keep, become, get, grow, turn, come, go等。
4．助动词不能独立作谓语，必须和