Ⅰ.品句填词
1．From the evidence I must ____________(给出结论) that you’re wrong.
答案：conclude
2．All ____________(尝试)to control the spread of the disease have failed.
答案：attempts
3．The best ____________(方法)to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language.
答案：approach
4．He has made great ____________(贡献)to the local education cause.
答案：contributions
5．She was ____________(雇用)as a manager in the bank because of her experience.
答案：employed
6．We ____________(假装)that nothing had happened.
答案：pretended
7．These may
be less ____________(有害的) than coffee—and will almost certainly be more useful.
答案：harmful
8．We all should take a correct ____________(态度)towards the criticism from others.
答案：attitude
9．There are ____________(某些)things I just can’t tell you now.
答案：certain
10．You can ____________(出版)more new books helpful to teenagers.
答案：publish
.选词填空
analyse，stand for，defend，in favour of，employ，blame，participate in，consist of，announce，help out 1．As a soldier，my duty is to ______________ my country against foreign enemies’ attack.
答案：defend
2．College students are under the big pressure of ______________.
答案：employment
3．Most people are familiar with the idea that all matters ________________ atoms.
答案：consist of
4．She didn’t ________________ the discussion.
答案：participate in
5．He is always willing to ________________.
答案：help out
6．The police ________________ the food and found that it contained poison.
答案：analysed
7．A number of students have ________________ their readiness to engage in the contest.
答案：announced
8．The letters PLA ________________ the People’s Liberation Army.
答案：stand for
9．Of course，not everyone was ________________ reform at the beginning，but now they think reform was really a good choice at the moment.
答案：in favour of
10．How can you attach the ________________ for this accident to the taxi-driver？He is really innocent.
答案：blame
.完成句子
1．工程在十月前完成是确定无疑的。
It __________ __________ __________ the project will be completed before October.
答案：is certain that
2．这件事怪他。
He is __________ __________ __________ it.
答案：to blame for
3．总的说来，我赞成这个提议。
On the whole，I’m __________ __________ __________ the proposal.
答案：in favour of
4．他常常担心将来可能会发生什么事。
He often thought about __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ happen in the future.
答案：what would be likely to
5．我认为这种病与使用化学杀虫剂有关系。
I think this illness __________ __________ __________ the use of chemical pesticides.
答案：is linked with
.语法专练
本单元语法——被动语态()和动名词
将下列句子变为被动语态
1．His speech moved us deeply.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：We were moved deeply by his speech.
2．My mother takes good care of these boys.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：These boys are taken good care of by my mother.
3．We gave him some books.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：He was given some books by us./Some books were given to him by us.
4．He hurt his finger when he was cutting potatoes.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：His finger was hurt when he was cutting potatoes.
5．You may keep the books for two weeks.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：The books may be kept for two weeks.
单项填空
6．(2011·高考四川卷)Lydia doesn’t feel like ________abroad.Her parents are old.
A．study B．studying
C．studied
D．to study
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为“Lydia不愿意去国外留学，因为她的父母年纪大了。”feel like doing sth.想要做某事。因此选B。
7．(2011·西安八校联考)If the babysitter cannot come tomorrow，do you mind ________ alone at home，doing his homework?
A．Fred’s leaving
B．Fred being left
C．Fred’s having left
D．Fred having been left
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果明天保姆不能来的话，你是否介意把弗雷德一个人留在家里做作业呢？
8．(2011·南昌调研)—We didn’t find the Blacks ________ the lecture.
—No one had told them about ________ a lecture the following day.
A．to attend；there to be
B．attending；there being
C．attended；there be
D．attend；there was
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。the Blacks是动作的执行者，所以第一个空要用v.-ing形式；又因介词about暗示后面应该用v.-ing形式，所以第二个空要用there being。
9．________around the Water Cube and the Bird’s Nest，the tourists from Taiwan and I wished there ________ a joint team for the London Olympics.
A．Having shown；to be
B．To be shown；is
C．To show；were
D．Having been shown；to be
解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。从句意可以看出，句子的逻辑主语是the tourists from Taiwan and I，与show之间构成被动关系，同时动作发生在谓语动词wish之前，所以第一空用having been shown，而第二空是there be的变体结构形式。
10．(2017·潍坊教学检测)—May I have some more coffee，please?
—I’m sorry，but there doesn’t seem to be ________.
A．left any
B．any left
C．leaving any
D．any leaving
解析：选B。该题考查非谓语动词。left是过去分词作后置定语修饰any。
11．－How are you getting on with your English?
－Oh，great.Things are going as well as ________.
A．plans
B．planning
C．planned
D．to plan
解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。as well as planned意思是“如计划的那样”，相当于as well as they are planned。
12．Facing the global financial crisis，the Chinese government has taken many measures ________ people’s life to deal with it.
A．related
B．related to
C．relating
D．relating to
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词的用法。related to people’s life是过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词measures，相当于定语从句that are related to people’s life。
13．Realizing I would be late，I quickly dressed my son and，________ my bag，went to work.
A．carried
B．having carried
C．to carry
D．carrying
解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。根据句式结构可知，and连接的是两个并列的谓语动词dressed和went，而carrying my bag在句中作状语。
14．—They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes.They are accustomed __________ at meals.
A．to talk
B．not to talk
C．to talking
D．to not talking
解析：选D。be accustomed to后接动名词作宾语，动名词的否定形式应该在动名词前面加not。
15．The teacher asked more __________ to prevent the students’ eyes from __________.
A．to do；injuring
B．done；injuring
C．to be done；being injured
D．being done；being injured
解析：选C。本题考查动词的用法。第一个空为ask sb.to do sth.的被动形式；第二个空为prevent sb.from doing sth.的被动形式。
A卷
.单项填空
1．(2017·山东泰安模拟)She was a hard actress________enjoyed the entire process，________she could get joy with thousands of fans，not just being in front of the cameras.
A．who；where B．that；which
C．who；which
D．who；as
解析：选A。actress后的定语从句缺少主语，故用who或that引导；process是隐含的地点状语，第二空用where引导非限制性定语从句。
2．Alice was________to win the 110meter hurdle race，but she fell to the ground and missed the chance.
A．possible
B．probable
C．likely
D．maybe
解析：选C。possible和probable作表语时，主语只能为it或事物；maybe为副词，它只能作状语；likely作表语时主语可以是人也可以是物。
3．He presented a new________of the beginning of the universe.
A．idea
B．thought
C．opinion
D．concept
解析：选D。句意：他提出了一种宇宙起源的新概念。concept指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的概念或看法。
4．A fall________for oil tankers has placed thousands of jobs in the shipbuilding industry in jeopardy(危险)．
A．in demand
B．in need
C．for fear
D．for sure
解析：选A。句意：油轮需求量下降使造船业成千上万的工作职位受到威胁。in demand表示“需求”。
5．—You look rather tired today.
—________not to miss the 420 flight，I didn’t dare to close my eyes.
A．Reminding
B．Reminded
C．Being reminded
D．Having reminded
解析：选B。在答句中，remind和主语I之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。
6．Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students________financial aid.
A．in favour of
B．in honour of
C．in face of
D．in need of
解析：选D。句意：中国的许多大学为贫困生提供奖学金。in need/want of表示“需要”。
7．(2017·山东省潍坊市高三教学质量抽样监测)Ito go to the country for my summer holiday for some time.
A．have determined
B．am determined
C．am decided
D．shall determine
解析：选B。句意：我决定暑假期间去乡下呆段时间。be determined to do sth.“决定/决心做某事”表示状态。而determine“决定”，表示动作，故A、D两项错误。
8．A lot of students were praised at the meeting，Tom________.
A．including
B．included
C．contained
D．containing
解析：选B。include包括部分，contain包含全部。Tom是其中的一员，所以用include。Tom与include之间是被动关系，所以选B。
9．It is no use________with that mean storekeeper，for he won’t cut down the price.
A．debating
B．talking
C．discussing
D．bargaining
解析：选D。bargain with sb.和某人讨价还价。句意为：和那个吝啬的店主讨价还价是没用处的，他不会降价的。debate辩论；talk谈论；discuss讨论。
10．(2011·福建省福州市第八中学第一次质量检测)He can________$3,000 a year by writing stories and support a family of three people.
A．spare
B．afford
C．earn
D．charge
解析：选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他通过写小说一年可以挣3000美元，足以养活一个三口之家。spare抽出；匀出；省去；afford支付得起；earn赚得；赢得；charge控告；要价。根据句意可知C项正确。
11．When the teacher came in, he pretended ________.
A．to read
B．to be reading
C．reading
D．read
解析：选B。 本题考查非谓语动词形式和常用搭配。pretend to be doing表示“假装正在做某事”。
12．(2017·泉州市质检)It’s said that the team ________twelve top European players.
A．consists of
B．is consisted of
C．are made up of
D．make up of
解析：选A。考查短语的用法和辨析。consist of＝be made up of。由于主语为the team，作为整体，所以不能用系动词are，故C项错误。
13．—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
—I don’t mind where we go________there’s sun，sea and beach.
A．as if
B．as long as
C．now that
D．in order that
解析：选B。答句句意：只要有阳光、大海和沙滩我不介意到哪儿。as long as引导条件状语从句。
14．Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously________situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
A．aware of
B．worried about
C．familiar with
D．accustomed to
解析：选A。所填的部分应该是形容词作宾语补足语，aware of意为“明白；意识到”；worry about“为……担心”；familiar with“对……熟悉”；accustomed to“习惯于……”，根据句意，只有A项符合要求。
15．Your________at the meeting yesterday hurt me very much.
A．behaviour
B．action
C．conduct
D．benefit
解析：选A。考查词义辨析。句意：昨天你在会上的行为严重地伤害了我。behaviour一般指具有个性或特征的行为举止；action指一种行为或是一种习惯性的动作；conduct指社会道德方面的理性行为；benefit利益，好处。
.完形填空
Words：528 难度系数： 建议用时：15分钟
Our family finally managed to get together, but in a few days we scattered(散开) again to the ends of the earth, and I will begin my new job in a new city.My family has never been
__1__ in this way.When I think about the __2__ future, my heart felt grayish.
When I
__3__
in the morning, it was raining outside and the sky was as
__4__
as my mood.My daughter
__5__
the new skirt that her uncle bought and she flew around the departure hall in the
__6__
and drew a small and beautiful picture in the dim crowd.
The airplane had a good
__7__
of newspapers, magazines, television programmes, food and drinks.The meal even
__8__
a serving of Haagen-Dazs ice cream.This small present brightened me up
__9__ .The gentle smile of the stewardess (空姐) was as beautiful as the
__10__
after the rain.
When I
__11__
the airplane, the language that entered my
__12__
was completely different from what I was
__13__
three hours ago.Although the street lights were as
__14__ as Allentown’s，the different clothes and expressions of the people
__15__
me that I am in a new world.I stood in the busy streets like Alice
__16__ the world in a fairy tale.My heart was
__17__
with puzzlement about the indefinite future and longing for the new life.When I
__18__
being able to do what I like once more ，that I will make new
__19__ and that I can enjoy the fun of exploration, I could not
__20__
to think about starting my new life.
1．A.separated
B．gathered
C．divided
D．surprised
解析：选A。我们家人将要分散到世界的各个地方， 所以选“分离， 分开”。
2．A.bright
B．exciting
C．uncertain
D．unusual
解析：选C。由my heart felt grayish作者心情灰暗， 可见未来是不确定的。
3．A.stood up
B．got up
C．stayed up
D．woke up
解析：选D。既然外面雨下得很大， 不需要get up起床后才发现， wake up醒过来就发现了。
4．A.clear
B．high
C．dark
D．gray
解析：选D。见第一段最后一句。
5．A.dressed
B．wore
C．liked
D．had
解析：选B。女儿穿着一件新裙子。dress搭配只能是dress sb.，所以选B。
6．A.station
B．airport
C．port
D．house
解析：选B。从下文的飞机可知是在机场的大厅。
7．A.offer
B．number
C．supply
D．amount
解析：选C。a good supply of sth.提供；offer指的是be willing to give, 自愿供给。
8．A.included
B．contained
C．followed
D．matched
解析：选A。食物很多， 甚至包括一份冰淇淋。
9．A.successfully
B．especially
C．eventually
D．fortunately
解析：选C。女儿再加上食物最终让我的心情好些。
10．A rainbow
B．ground
C．sky
D．flower
解析：选A。雨后彩虹。
11．A.got on
B．got off
C．left away
D．took off
解析：选B。三个小时下飞机后 get on上飞机；上车。
12．A.mouth
B．eyes
C．mind
D．ears
解析：选D。声音当然是传进耳朵。
13．A.finding
B．learning
C．hearing
D．listening
解析：选C。我三个小时前听到的语言。listening后面要接to。
14．A.long
B．well
C．brilliant
D．many
解析：选C。街灯像Allentown地方一样的明亮。well是副词， 所以不选。
15．A.told
B．reminded
C．suggested
D．explained
解析：选B。提醒， 使……想起。
16．A.visiting
B．travelling
C．wandering
D．exploring
解析：选D。我就像漫游仙境中的爱丽丝一样在探险新世界。不能选travelling和wandering, 他们后面要接介词。
17．A.strict
B．filled
C．satisfied
D．pleased
解析：选B。be filled with, 我心里被不确定的未来的困惑所填满。
18．A.set about
B．set out
C．thought over
D．thought about
解析：选D。但是我一想到能够和以前一样做喜欢做的事情， 探险新世界， 我就迫不及待地想开始新的生活。
19．A.friends
B．enemies
C．mistakes
D．progress
解析：选A。make friends交朋友。
20．A.wait
B．help
C．decide
D．afford
解析：选A。can’t wait to...迫不及待地。
.阅读理解
Words：312 难度系数： 建议用时：8分钟
Sitting on the peaceful coast of the Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin(1809～1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired(启发)his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.
The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be.
The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago (群岛)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.
Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.
Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.
【解题导语】 文章主要讲述了Galapagos Islands上的景点和人们游玩的感受。
1．What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?
A．He studied different creatures on the islands.
B．He completed his famous book on the islands.
C．He was touched by the geography of the islands.
D．He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.
解析：选A。事实细节题。文章第一段提到了“observing various animals”，由此可知达尔文在岛上研究许多不同的动物，故A项切题。
2．Which of the following plays a role in
making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”？
A．Animals on the islands feed on grass.
B．Local government forbids killing wildlife.
C．People cannot visit the islands as they wish.
D．Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals.
解析：选C。事实细节题。文章第二段提到“...as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control”，由此可知C项符合文章内容。
3．Your stay on the islands will be most
impressive mainly because of ________.
A．the beautiful sea views B．Darwin’s inspiring trip
C．a closer view of animals
D．various daring activities
解析：选C。细节推理题。文中第四段提到游客在岛上可以近距离地接触不同的动物，再结合关键词incomparable pictures可知，这应该是给游客印象最深刻的事情。
4．Which of the following would be the
best title for the passage?
A．A Unique Attraction for Wildlife Lovers
B．Galapagos as a Paradise for Adventurers
C．Charles Darwin as a Symbol of Galapagos
D．A Successful Example of Wildlife Protection
解析：选A。标题归纳题。通读全文可知文章主要对在Galapagos Islands上旅游的事情进行了介绍，并重点介绍了岛上的野生动物。
B卷
A
Words：325 难度系数：★★ 建议用时：8分钟
Central Park covers more than three hundred and forty hectares.It was the first public park built in the United States.
In 1858，a design competition was held to find the best idea for planning the huge area in the center of New York City.The winners were two landscape designers，American Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux from Britain.
It was not easy to create this park.It may look like a natural environment of lakes and woodlands，but it was entirely built by human labor.
Workers moved millions of cubic meters of stone and earth to clear the area.They brought in more than fourteen thousand cubic meters of fertile soil from New Jersey to make it possible to grow trees and other plants.
It took fifteen years to complete the project.Central Park was a huge success and helped create a movement across the United States for creating public gardens.
Today，the park is managed by the Central Park Conservancy under an agreement with New York City.The Conservancy raises about eighty-five percent of the park’s twenty-seven million dollars yearly budget.
Here are a few facts that help show just how big and busy Central Park is.It contains seven kilometers of paths for horseback riding and about 93 kilometers of walking paths.When you get tired from all that walking，there are more than 9,000 benches where you can sit down.
There are 21 playgrounds for children as well as areas to play basketball，baseball，football and even chess.There is also a zoo.And，every summer，visitors can watch plays by William Shakespeare in an outdoor theater.About twenty-five million people visit Central Park each year to enjoy its many sights and activities.
The park is also important for natural life.It contains more than twenty-six thousand trees.And hundreds of kinds of birds have been sighted in the park which serves as a stopping area for birds as they fly to other places.
【解题导语】 美国中央公园的建设耗时十五年，在一片不毛之地上用人力将石块和土方堆积而成。公园设施齐全，风景优美，生物资源丰富。中央公园被称为美国园林建筑的奇迹。
1．What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．The design competition that took place in 1858.
B．How workers built Central Park.
C．Central Park attracts millions of visitors every year.
D．The first public park in the United States.
解析：选D。考查主旨大意。综观全文可知，本文主要介绍的是美国第一个公园——中央公园。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A．New York City provides twenty-seven million dollars for Central Park every year.
B．There is a distance of about ninety-three kilometers for tourists to travel on foot in Central Park.
C．More than nine thousand benches are provided for travelers to sit on for a rest.
D．Migrating birds stay in Central Park and then go on with their journey.
解析：选A。考查细节理解。文章第六段说“The Conservancy raises about eighty-five percent of the park’s twenty-seven million dollars yearly budget”，即公园管理处负责筹集85%的预算，纽约市政府只负责剩下的15%的资金，因此A项的表述错误。
3．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．the building of Central Park is a miracle
B．the soil used to be fertile before Central Park was built
C．large quantities of stone was brought in
from
New
Jersey
to
build Central Park
D．people can enjoy plays by William Shakespeare in an outdoor theater throughout the year.
解析：选A。考查推理判断。根据第三、四、五段的描述可以推知，中央公园的建设是一个奇迹。
4．Visitors can enjoy doing the following except ________ in Central Park.
A．playing basketball B．visiting animals
C．riding horses
D．swimming
解析：选D。考查细节理解。文章第八段介绍了游客在中央公园可以进行的项目，并未提及可以游泳。因此答案选D。
B
Words：311 难度系数： 建议用时：8分钟
USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company.It was founded by A1 Neuharth in 1982 with the goal of providing a national newspaper in the US market，where generally only a single local newspaper was available.The paper has the widest circulation (发行量) of any newspaper in the United States，averaging over 2.25 million copies every weekday.It was the first color newspaper in the United States.
The newspaper was also among the first newspapers to use satellites to send the final edition of the newspaper to different locations across the country for printing and distributing in those regional markets.This allowed the paper to include the most recent news and sports scores in each edition.
Each edition of the newspaper consists of four sections：News，Money，Sports and Life.On Fridays，two Life sections are included：the regular life for movies subtitled Weekend，which features television，films and trends，and a travel supplement called Destinations & Diversions.Each section is denoted (表示) by a certain color to differentiate sections，which is seen in a box on the top-left corner of the first page，with News being blue (section A)，Money with green (section B)，red for Sports (section C)，and purple for Life (section D)．
USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the respective(各自的) section with exception to the cover story.The cover story is a longer story that requires a jump (readers must turn to another page in the paper to complete the story，usually the very next page，page 2 of that section)．
Starting in February 2008，the newspaper added a magazine supplement(增刊)called Open Air，appearing several times a year.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了《今日美国》报的创办和发展历程，以及其版面内容与特色等。
5．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that USA Today ________.
A．developed from a famous American local newspaper
B．was founded to cover world stories
C．was among the first color newspapers in the world
D．does not print on Saturdays or Sundays
解析：选D。推理判断题。从第一段的“averaging over 2.25 million copies every weekday”可推知《今日美国》报只是周一到周五才出版。
6．Which of the following is TRUE about
USA Today?
A．It uses satellites to print color copy.
B．It is the cheapest daily newspaper in the United States.
C．It offers readers the latest news.
D．It is the first international newspaper in the United States.
解析：选C。细节理解题。第二段说《今日美国》报用卫星把报纸的最后稿样发到各地，然后在当地印刷、发行，这保证了报纸的时效性，“This allowed the paper to include the most recent news”，故C项正确。
7．Mr.Watts wants to get the most recent travel information.He will turn to ________.
A．section A B．section B
C．section C
D．section D
解析：选D。推理判断题。从第三段可知travel supplement(Destinations & Diversions)属于生活版，在这里可以获得旅行的信息，而生活版是《今日美国》报的D版。
8．When could readers get USA Today’s magazine supplement?
A．In early 2008.
B．On every Friday.
C．Near the end of 2007.
D．On every weekday.
解析：选A。细节判断题。从最后一段可知《今日美国》报的增刊从2008年的二月才发行，故A项正确。
C
Words：327 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：9分钟
When one thinks of the expansion of the American West，the event most likely to come to mind is the California Gold Rush of 1849.However，there remained wide land between the Pacific Coast and，say，St.Louis，Missouri.Why mentions.St.Louis? You might be asking.Because the young United States started exploring the vast land mass to the west from that very point and almost fifty years before those gold nuggets started hitting the pan in California.
In 1803 President Thomas Jefferson sent a secret message to Congress calling for an expedition into the area west of the Mississippi River.He felt that a military man with some men could successfully chart the route.At that time France owned the territory and such an expedition would be considered invading.
Then in July of the same year，Napoleon of France，in a surprise move，offered Louisiana to the United States for $15,000，000.America accepted and the United States grew by about one million square miles，from the Mississippi to the Rockies and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.
Shortly before this news，Jefferson had handed his personal secretary，Meriweather Lewis his instructions for the expedition of the Missouri River.On May 14,1804，the Lewis and Clark Expedition started out from St.Louis in search of the Pacific Ocean.
Two and a half years and 8,000 miles later the explorers returned to St.Louis and there’s a thunderous welcome from a grateful nation.Although the route never became widely used，it provided the impetus for the great western exploration movement.The search for America began.
By 1848，when Mexico ceded its claim to all US territories to the north of its present-day border，the United States had acquired the land westward from the Rockies to the Pacific Coast，north to the 49th parallel and south to the Rio Grande.This lawful possession convinced thousands of settlers to move westward in search of land.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了美国领土扩张过程中的几个重大事件。
9．Why was Jefferson’s message to Congress secret?
A．California is rich in gold nuggets.
B．There may be trouble with France.
C．It’s about a military expedition.
D．The Westward Expansion began.
解析：选B。细节理解题。文中第二段谈到the Mississippi River以西的领地当时由法国人控制，保密是为了避免冲突。
10．Why were the explorers given a warm welcome in St.Louis?
A．They reached the Mississippi River.
B．The newly charted road was of wide use.
C．They won one victory after another.
D．They succeeded in charting the route.
解析：选D。细节理解题。开拓者受到热烈的欢迎是因为他们成功地开拓出一条通往西部的路。
11．What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word “ceded” in the last paragraph?
A．fought for.
B．gave up.
C．stood for.
D．kept up.
解析：选B。词义猜测题。从最后一段的有关信息可以推知，Mexico只有宣称放弃领地之后，美国才有对Mexico先前所控制土地的所有权。
12．Which of the following is the right order of the historical events?
①the California Gold Rush ②the beginning of the search for America ③instructions for the expedition of the Missouri River ④America’s possession of the land north of the Rio Grande ⑤the surprise move of France to offer Louisiana to the US
A．③⑤②①④
B．③⑤②④①
C．⑤③②①④
D．③⑤④②①
解析：选B。排序题。做该题可以根据时间来判断。从短文第二、三、四段得知事件③⑤发生在1803年，但Jefferson指示开拓the Missouri River在前；从第五段中得知②事件发生在1806年左右；从最后一段得知④事件发生在1848年；而从第一段了解到①事件发生在1849年。
D
Words：318 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：9分钟
The treadle pump is based on a design developed in the 1970s by Norwegian engineer Gunnar Barnes.It can be made locally.
The treadle pump is easy to build from bamboo or other wood and has two metal cylinders (圆筒) with pistons (活塞)．The pistons go up and down as a person stands on lever devices—treadles，and uses a natural walking motion.
How many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is needed for crops.It could be two hours a day.It could be seven hours a day.
Small children sometimes stand with their parents on the treadles.Everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.
The Acumen Fund is a nonprofit group that invests in business projects to fight poverty.It studied the effects of treadle pumps in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.Uttar Pradesh has three treadle pump manufacturers and more than seventy-three thousand pumps.
Acumen reported that families using them ate more vegetables，because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell.Many of these families also drank more milk，because they bought a cow with their added earnings.Men with treadle pumps often no longer have to leave the farm to seek extra work in cities.
The pump can also improve education.Farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.
A farmer in Zambia said he hoped to have enough money in three years to buy a diesel-powered pump (柴油泵)．Then he could grow more crops over a larger area.
But the world economic crisis has had an effect on some farmers.IDE executive director Zenia Tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel.So they are using their treadle pumps again.
【解题导语】 脚踏泵因其简单、易行、实用之特点在世界的广大贫困地区得以推广。它在帮助农民脱贫致富方面显示了独特的作用。
13．The treadle pump________.
A．is invented by an American engineer
B．is mainly made of metal
C．consists of two cylinders with pistons
D．consists of two cylinders with an engine
解析：选C。事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知答案为C。
14．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．it is easy to learn how to operate the treadle pump
B．it is difficult to build a treadle pump
C．the treadle pump is used more in winter than in summer
D．operating
the
treadle
pump
can keep fit
解析：选A。推理判断题。易错选D，但文中没有依据，无法推知。根据第四段，小孩也可帮忙，家庭中每个人都可参与，可推知选A。
15．Each treadle pump manufacturer in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh has produced on average about ________.
A．18,000 pumps
B．24,000 pumps
C．37,000 pumps
D．73,000 pumps
解析：选B。数据推算题。根据第五段第三句可知，该州共三家生产商，共有七万三千多架脚踏泵，平均每家生产两万四千架左右，故选B。
16．Why does the farmer in Zambia hope to buy a diesel-powered pump?
A．Because he wants to grow crops on a larger scale.
B．Because he hates to leave the farm to seek fortune in cities.
C．Because a diesel-powered pump is cheaper than before.
D．Because oil is much cheaper than before.
解析：选A。事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知答案。