5．The student’s puzzled look suggested that she failed to________what I said. A．take out
B．pick out C．figure out
D．find out
解析：选C.考查动词短语辨析.句意：那个学生迷惑的表情表明她没能理解我所说的.A项“拿出”;B项“挑选”;D项“查明”均不符合语境.C项“理解,想出”正确.
6．I________when there came a knock at the door. A．am going to bed B．just about to go to bed C．was about to go to bed D．have gone to bed
解析：选C.be about to do通常与when引导的从句连用.A、D两项时态不符合题意;而B项句子成分不完整.
句型巧析 1(教材P25)Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.
没有科技上的这些尖端突破,无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得的,我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子. 【句法分析】 (1)without可用于虚拟语气.当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,从句的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”,主句的谓语动词用“would/could/should＋动词原形”构 成. (2)句中的whether...or意为“不论……还是……”，引导状语.它可以连接并列的成分.有时该短语结构也可以作宾语. ①We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us. 如果我们周围没有植物和动物,人类就不能生存. ②We couldn’t finish so quickly without your help. 没有你的帮助我们不可能完成得如此快. ③Whether true or false,the story is interesting. 不管这个故事是真是假,它很有趣. ④I really don’t care whether he will stay or not. 我真的不在意他要留下来还是要走.
⑤I was wondering whether to go upstairs or to follow Maxim to the library. 我正不知是该上楼,还是该跟马克西姆去图书馆.
2(教材P25)There is no doubt about it. 关于这一点是毫无疑问的.
【句法分析】“There is no doubt about sth.”是一个常用句型。它表达的含义是“毫无疑问，不用怀疑”。There is no doubt that...,毫无疑问……,There is some doubt whether...,是否……还有些疑问(1)在肯定句中doubt后面接whether。 (2)在否定含义的句中doubt后面接that. (3)当doubt是动词时后面接的从句也同样适合此特点. ①There’s no doubt that he’s lying to all of us. 毫无疑问他在对我们大家撒谎. ②There’s_some_doubt_whether Jack will be made monitor. 杰克是否会被选为班长还有些疑问.
③Fred doesn’t doubt that he will rank the first in the final. 弗雷德毫不怀疑在决赛中他将排名第一. ④There_is_no_doubt_about what has happened. 对所发生的事是毫无疑问的.
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．Without your help,I__________________________(不会完成)the task successfully. 2．__________________________(毫无疑问)to protect nature is to protect ourselves. wouldn’t have completed There is no doubt that Ⅱ.单项填空 1．If________,give me a ring and I will do whatever I can to help. A．in doubt B．no problem C．no hurry
D．no doubt 解析：选A.考查介词短语.句意：如果有疑问的话就打电话给我,我将全力帮你.in doubt“怀疑,不确定”.
2．He said that very clearly so that nobody was in any________about what was meant. A．doubt
B．case C．question
D．wonder 解析：选A.句意：他说得很明确了,因此没有人对他的意思表示怀疑.doubt“怀疑”;case“情况”;question“问题”; wonder“惊奇,奇迹”.
3．Without electricity,human life________quite different today. A．is
B．will be C．would have been
D．would be
解析：选D.考查虚拟语气的用法.表示与现在事实相反时,条件从句谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用would＋动词原形,这里用Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity)引出了虚拟条件.
4．(2017·河南郑州质检)By the time he realizes the mistake he______,it will be too late for him to do anything about it. A．has made
B．made C．makes
D．will make
解析：选A.句意：在他意识到他所犯的错误的时候,再采取任何措施已经为时已晚.显然,在他意识到犯错误的时候,他已经犯下错误,因此应用现在完成时.
温馨提示 请做课时作业 选修七 Unit 20 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 解析：选D.句意：我过去和朋友们靠书信交流,而现在用互联网更方便了.correspond with“与……通信”;meet with“碰见”;come up with“提出”;put up with“容忍”.
4．It is reported that the government will give all private________to flood-stricken areas. A．relations
B．intonations C．donations
D．dominations
解析：选C.donation 捐赠(物);relation 关系;intonation 语调;domination 支配,控制.句意：据报道政府将把所有私人捐赠交给遭受洪灾的地区. 5．Don’t be nervous.The police will________you to find her address. A．thrill
B．enlarge C．assist
D．outline
解析：选C.assist sb.to do...“帮助某人做某事”,C项符合句意.句意：别紧张,警察会帮助你找到她的地址的.thrill“使得……惊恐”;enlarge“扩大”;outline“勾出……轮廓”.
短语细解 8lead to 通向,导致(to为介词,后跟名词或动名词) (教材P30)This invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce written work and led_to the first ever mass- production of books and literature. 这项发明使得复制作品变得更省时、省力,从而实现了书籍和文学作品的首次批量生产.
归纳拓展
助 记
①The thieves cut the wires leading to the surveillance cameras.小偷切断了连接监视摄像头的电线. ②This crisis led to the downfall of the government. 这一危机使当时的政府倒台了. ③His carelessness led_to his failure in the exam. 他的粗心大意导致他没有通过考试.
9be about to 即将,就要 (教材P24)Edwin Hubble was_about_to make astronomy’s greatest breakthrough of the century. 埃德温·哈勃即将作出这个世纪文学上的最重大的突破.
辨析be about to,be to do sth.,be going to be about to 表示即将要发生的动作,不表示按计划安排的动作,不与at once,immediately或表示将来的时间状语连用. be to do sth. 表示按计划或职责、义务要求必须做的事. be going to 表示“打算,想要”,也可用来表示很可能发生的事或自然现象;类似的还有be coming,be leaving等. ①Don’t go out now.We are about to have lunch. 现在别出去了,就要吃午饭了. ②When is the plan to_be put into practice? 这个计划何时会被用于实践？
③I’m not going to tell you the secret as you have a big mouth.我不打算告诉你这个秘密,你太多嘴了.
10on purpose 故意地
归纳拓展 ①You sometimes hurt yourself by accident but you don’t hurt yourself on purpose. 你有时会偶然伤害自己,但你不会故意伤害自己. ②I wouldn’t go shopping on_purpose_for buying a pair of socks.我不会只为买一双袜子而去购物.
11figure out 理解,弄明白;计算出 (教材P24)．..,scientists figured_out how to split the atom... ……科学家弄明白怎样去分裂原子……
①I can’t figure out what he’s trying to say. 我弄不懂他想说什么. ②Have you figured_out how much the travel to Beijing will cost？去北京旅行要多少钱你计算出来了没有？ 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 wonder about，base on，figure out，come out，carry out，give away，be suitable for，get across，take over，make up for 1.Next you need to________________how to overcome those obstacles. 2．After signing the contract,neither of the two sides can________________the content to a third one. figure out give away 3．Mr Green feels that he is old,so his son will soon________________his business. 4．Can you give me some advice on how to________________the time I have lost? take over make up for 5．No matter what difficulty you will meet with,________________your plan. 6．Did what you explain________________to the students? 7．I think this course will________________four persons.
carry out get across be suitable for 8．The new problems______________ along with their deeply discussion. 9．Scientists________________that too,and they are a step closer to solving the mystery now. 10．The theory________________a series of wrong assumptions. come out wonder about is based on Ⅱ.单项填空 1．They really have a great time too,designing everything,drawing the blue prints,________the angles and so on. A．looking out B．taking out C．finding out
D．figuring out
解析：选D.句中的the angles(角度)必须通过计算才能得到.又如：It took me hours to figure those problems out.我花了好几个小时才算出那些题.
2．He is very stubborn;don’t________to his opinion.Just stick to your own. A．give in
B．give up C．give away
D．give out
解析：选A.考查give短语辨析.句意：他很固执,不要向他的观点让步,坚持你自己的观点.give in(to...)“(向……)屈服”; give up“放弃”;give away“泄露(秘密),赠送”;give out“用尽;分发;释放”.
3．Have you heard that CBS Records was________by Sony? A．taken away
B．taken down C．taken over
D．taken up
解析：选C.句意：你听说哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购了 吗？take away“拿走,带走”;take down“拿下,记下”;take over“接替,接管”;take up“开始从事,着手处理”.因此选C. 4．The teacher thought his students needed more practice and learning skills________much homework. A．other than
B．rather than C．more than
D．in place of
解析：选B.句意：老师认为他的学生需要更多的实践和学习技巧而不是太多的作业.other than除了;rather than而不 是;more than多于;in place of代替.
归纳拓展 ①(2010·高考浙江卷)The assistant seemed a sincere man.助手似乎是一个真诚的人. ②I was employed to assist the manager with his duties. 我受雇协助经理工作.
③One of her fellow passengers came to her assistance. 同车的一个乘客过来帮她. ④With_the_assistance_of my cousin we paddled across the river in the dark to participate in a private meeting. 在我表弟的帮助下,我们趁天黑划过河去,参加一个秘密会议.
⑤(2011·高考浙江卷)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant was giving in his place but,luckily,everything was going on smoothly. 经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的资讯发布会.幸运的是,一切进展顺利.
2discrimination n．差别对待;歧视 (教材P20)．..,as everyone will have jobs and discrimination will be a part of the past. ……,因为每一个人都会有工作,歧视将成为历史.
归纳拓展 ①Discrimination against blacks is still common. 歧视黑人仍是普遍现象. ②They organized to fight against racial_discrimination. 他们组织起来为反对种族歧视而斗争.
3dilemma n．困境,进退两难的窘境 (教材P24)If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century,you would have a real_dilemma_on your hands. 如果要选择二十世纪最重要的发现,你将面临一个真正的难题.
归纳拓展 ①Faced with a dilemma,he was determined to hold on. 面临着进退两难的困境,他决定顽强地坚持下去.
②I’m in_a_dilemma_about this job offer. 对于提供的这份工作我不知道是接受还是不接受. ③The bad weather put us into a dilemma. 糟糕的天气使我们进退两难.
4donate vt.捐赠;赠送 (教材P24)Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseased organs with donated ones. 医学的进步包括从在显微镜下发现疾病的起因到用捐献器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术过程.
归纳拓展 ①In the Yushu earthquake,most people throughout the country donated money,food,clothing and so on. 在玉树地震中,全国人民捐献出钱、食物、衣服等东西. ②She donated a large sum of money to the charity. 她捐了一大笔钱给慈善机构. ③Local people lined up to donate_blood_for the brave girl. 当地群众排队给这位勇敢的姑娘献血.
5correspond v．相一致;相联系;通信 (教材P24)．..the way we_correspond went from writing letters to emailing. ……我们通信的方式从写信变成发电子邮件.
归纳拓展
助 记
①We’ve corresponded with each other for years but I’ve never actually met him. 我们已互相通信多年了,可是我从未见过他本人. ②Your account of events corresponds with hers. 你说的情况跟她说的相符. ③I’m sure my actions will correspond_with my words. 我保证,我将言行一致. 6permit vt.允许,准许 n．许可证 (教材P27)You are not permitted to work if you are on a student visa. 如果你没有得到学生签证,是不会被允许工作的.
归纳拓展 ①(2010·高考天津卷)Please note that,for safety reasons,pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. 请注意,由于安全原因,折叠式幼儿小推车是不允许进入国家公寓的. ②She took the car without_permission. 她未经许可擅自使用了汽车.
7declare vt.宣告,宣布,声明 (教材P28)NASA declared that a rock from Mars proved... NASA宣称来自火星的一块岩石表明……
归纳拓展 ①They declared against building a new bridge. 他们声称反对修建新桥. ②He declared_that he would never agree. 他声称他不会同意.
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.品句填词 1．Hundreds of people are still in the water,waiting to be__________(营救)． 2．We have time and time again__________(声明)that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons. rescued declared 3．I’ll lend__________(帮助)to them. 4．After many years,he was given__________(允许)to look for gold in South America. 5．All__________(捐献的)blood is tested for HIV and other infections. assistance permission donated Ⅱ.单项填空 1．The judges had different ideas about the results,so it was two hours before the final results were ________. A．carried out B．let out
C．announced
D．declared 解析：选C.句意：法官们对结果持不同的意见,因此两个小时后才公布最终结果.announce多用于表示所关心或感兴趣的事情,尤指资讯之类的消息;declare多用于宣战、议和等.
2．Before building a house,you will have to________the government’s permission. A．get from
B．follow C．receive
D．ask for
解析：选D.ask for one’s permission是固定搭配,意思是“请求某人的允许”.
3．I used to________my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient. A．meet with
B．come up with C．put up with
D．correspond with
栏目导引 基础盘点?自测自评 考点串讲?讲练互动 选修七 Unit 20 New Frontiers——新领域 选修七 1．...have no/some trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time(in)doing sth.＝There is no/some difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.(有/没有困难做某事)
句型公式?妙笔生花 People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. 来自那两个国家的人们在相互理解上是没有困难的.
There is no difficulty in solving this social problem. 解决这个社会问题毫无困难. 2．There is no need/use/harm/hurry in doing sth.没必要/用处/危害/不急于做某事
There is no harm in using the environmentally friendly products.用环保产品是没有害处的. There is no hurry in running to school for time is still enough.没有必要匆匆忙忙去学校,因为时间还充足呢.
3．It’s no use/good/worth doing sth.做某事没用处/好处/价值 It’s no use talking with him.He won’t listen to you. 跟他谈没用,他不会听你的.
4．It’s a waste of time/money/energy doing sth.做某事浪费时间/金钱/精力 It’s a waste of time watching TV programme as this. 像这样看电视节目纯粹浪费时间.
基础盘点?自测自评 核心单词 1．__________vt.投递(信件、邮包等) 2．__________n．突破 3．__________adj.意识到的,知道的 4．__________adj.经常的,不断的 deliver breakthrough aware constant 5．__________vt.余下,留下;vi.保持,仍是→__________adj.仍需做的,还需处理的 6．__________n．精力,能量 7．__________v．延伸;展开 8．__________vt.评价;评估→__________n．评价,评估 remain remaining energy spread assess assessment 9．__________vt.声明;断言→__________n．声明 10．__________vt.让……离开;遣散;解散;解雇 11．__________vt.帮助;协助→assistance n．帮助 12．__________n．后者 declare declaration dismiss assist latter 13．_____________n．差别对待;歧视→____________vt.区别;辨别;歧视 14．__________n．平等→__________adj.平等的;vt.等于 15．He_______(捐献)all his possessions to charity and the_________(捐赠物) would be used for children in Africa.
discrimination discriminate donated equal donated donations 16．Many children have been__________(挨饿)to death in the last few years and the__________(饥饿) seems to last in that area.
starved starvation 高频短语 1．_________________ 人工智能 2．________________
提前;事先 3．________________
接管;交接 4．________________
理解 5．________________
泄露(秘密) 6．________________
弥补 artificial intelligence in advance take over get across give away make 7．________________
计算出;解决;想出 8．________________
更不用说 9．________________
努力解决难以处理的事物 10．________________
致力于;献身于 11．________________
以防;以免 figure out
not to mention wrestle with sth. be dedicated to in case 12．________________
以……开始 13．________________
由于;因为 14．________________
而不是 15．________________
可以得到的
start with due to
rather than be available to 典型句式 1．no longer/not...any longer不再 Red wine stains will______________(不再)ruin clothes.
no longer 2．make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth. By the year 2030,development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically___________ __________________________________(至少活到150岁成为可能)．
possible for us to live for at least 150 years 3．By＋时间,主语＋完成时态 By the middle of the century,computers that are millions of times smarter than us_________________________(将会被开发出来)． will have been developed 4．be doing...when...正在做某事这时…… In the summer of 1905,this outspoken young man________________________ _______________________(正在摇晃他一岁大的婴儿这时)he was suddenly inspired.
was rocking his one-year-old baby when 5．There is no doubt about/that...句式 ________________(毫无疑问)about it.
There’s no doubt 单元语法 将来时态和代词 1．(2011·高考江苏卷)—Tommy is planning to buy a car. —I know.By next month,he______enough for a used one. A．saves B．saved C．will save
D．will have saved
解析：选D.根据句中的时间状语By next month可知,到下个月,他将会积攒足够的钱,因此应用将来完成时.
2．(2011·高考北京卷)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase________. A．them
B．those C．it
D．that
解析：选C.根据语意“由于当地政府的努力,大城市的就业率在上升”可知应用it指代the employment rate. 3．We won’t know how much food to buy until we decide how many people________. A．were coming
B．are coming C．have been coming
D．had come
解析：选B.句意：我们不知道需要买多少食物直到我们断定有多少人会来.这里用are coming表示将来,故B项正确.
4．(2011·高考重庆卷)—Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like. —What do you think of________over there? A．the one
B．this C．it
D．that
解析：选D.说话人埋怨自己忘记了行李的外观,答话人提醒对方注意那边的行李,所以用that,特指the luggage.luggage是不可数名词,由此可排除A项;B项与over there矛盾;C项是特指上文已经提到的同一个东西,显然不正确.
5．(2011·高考大纲全国卷)I got this bicycle for________：My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A．everything
B．something C．anything
D．nothing
解析：选D.根据“My friend gave it to me”可知,我免费得到了这辆自行车,因此用nothing,for nothing表示“免费,不花钱”. 考点串讲?讲练互动 单词精研 1assist vt.&vi. 帮助,协助;参与,出席 (教材P133)The new international crew are planning to take over...and assist_ with repairs on Alpha... 新的国际机组人员将接管……并在Alpha国际太空站上协助维修……