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36“记”（话题 / 基础 / 技巧）
36“记”之社会生活★★★★★
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Ⅰ.请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
This is World Breastfeeding Week.The celebration is now in its nineteenth year.It grew out of a meeting organized by UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会)to find ways to support breastfeeding.
Jill Hall supports breastfeeding.In fact，she could be feeding her son right now.
She gave birth to Thomas—or Tiggy，as his parents call him—at a hospital in Washington.They live in nearby McLean，Virginia.
Mother's milk is all Tiggy has eaten since he was born six weeks ago.And it will be all he eats for the first six months.His mother plans to follow the advice of the World Health Organization.
Jill Hall says，“As you can see I can't tell right now whether he wants to eat more or whether he needs to burp，so we might try the burping.”
Sixweekold babies generally need to be breastfed seven to nine times in a twentyfourhourperiod.
Jill Hall has two stepdaughters，but Thomas is her first experience with breastfeeding.And，in her words，“It's going great.”
Jill Hall says，“It's pretty natural.You kind of learn from each other，mom and baby，how it's all going to work.And that can take a little bit of trial and error.”
Josie Tullo knows all about that.She works for a lactation(哺乳期)consulting group in Fairfax，Virginia.She has more than twenty years of experience advising mothers.But she says babies themselves are great guides to nursing.
Josie Tullo says，“When babies are born，babies have an instinctive need and they're hardwired to breastfeed.So basically，if we were to place a baby on the mother's abdomen，the baby would actually crawl up the mother's chest and choose which breast it would like to latch on to.The baby will open its mouth twice，the second time with a nice wide mouth，and lean in to grasp the breast.That's the mother's cue(暗示)to hug the baby to the breast.”
Doctor Bernadette Daelmans is an expert on newborn and child health development for the World Health Organization.She offers estimates from the WHO and UNICEF about how many young lives could be saved through breastfeeding.
Bernadette Daelmans says，“If children were exclusively breastfed for six months，and continued to breastfeed up to two years，with appropriate additional food from six months onwards，we could save 1.5 million children under five years of age out of the 8.8 million that we estimate to die currently every year.”
Breastfeeding reduces the chances of infections in the first few hours of life.Later，it reduces the chances of stomach and intestinal(肠内的)infections in babies.
Researchers say babies who are breastfed often grow up to have lower blood pressure and cholesterol as adults.They are less likely to be overweight and have type two diabetes.
Health studies also point out other benefits for the baby and the mother.
【解题导语】 母亲是天底下最伟大的称呼了，从十月怀胎到孩子的出生，新生儿在母亲的痛苦、甜蜜与幸福中降临了。最近一项科学研究表明，用母乳喂养能够增进母婴间的交流。所以，母亲从我们出生的那一刻起就注定要成为我们这一生中最亲密的人了。
．Breastfeeding [综合信息题。全文主要介绍了人们对母乳喂养的看法，故可知答案。注意首字母大写。]
2．6weekold/newlyborn [捕捉信息题。由第四段中的“Mother's milk is all Tiggy has eaten since he was born six weeks ago.And it will be all he eats for the first
six months.”可知答案。]
3．supporting [转换信息题。由第二段中的“Jill Hall supports breastfeeding.”可知答案。注意表达方式的改变。]
4．great/good [捕捉/转换信息题。由第七段中的“...Thomas is her first experience with breastfeeding.And，in her words，‘It's going great.’”可知。]
5．member [转换信息题。由第九段中的“She works for a lactation(哺乳期)consulting group in Fairfax，Virginia.”可知，她是该组织的一个成员。]
6．guides [捕捉信息题。由第九段中的“But she says babies themselves are great guides to nursing.”可知。]
7．survive [综合信息题。从倒数第四段可以获得有关信息。]
8．reduced [捕捉信息题。由倒数第三段可知答案，注意这里用被动句式转换表达文中的主动句式。]
9．lower [捕捉信息题。从倒数第二段可知答案。]
0．less [转换信息题。从倒数第二段“They are less likely to be overweight and have type two diabetes.”可以获得有关信息。注意这里用taking a less risk转换表达are less likely。]
.请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Many people blame others for their failure in life.Successful people don't buy into this kind of thinking.Rather，their personal credo(信条)is“If it's to be，it's up to me！”
For example，Les Brown，abandoned by his parents at birth and labeled“ mentally retarded”by his schoolteachers had every reason for giving up on himself and his dreams.But when a high school teacher told him“someone else's opinion of you does not have to become your reality”，Brown realized at that moment that his future day was in his own hands.He went on to become a state legislator and author，and today earns $ 20,000 per hour as one of America's top motivational speakers.
What Brown understood is that there are certain things in life you can't control.But there are things you absolutely can control.Taking 100 percent responsibility for your life is one of the most important things you can do for yourself.
Besides，many people want to have a big house，a luxury car or a million dollars in the bank.The question then is，are you willing to pay the price to get them?
This is one of the major differences between the successful and the unsuccessful.Les Brown says he has a callus on his left ear.“When I decided to get into speaking，I had no reputation，no credibility and no experience.So I had to call a lot of people.I called over a hundred people a day to ask for an opportunity to speak to their group.This callus is worth several million dollars.”
What's more，we should focus on what we are doing.Every day，we are faced with hundreds of tasks，messages and people all competing for our time.Focusing requires giving up some things at present because you know the time invested will pay off.
When Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen finished their first Chicken Soup for the Soul book，they were refused by 30 publishers.But instead of giving up they did three to four radio or newspaper or magazine interviews a day，five days a week，for a whole year.Eventually，a small publisher called and decided to take a chance and publish this book.It not only became a number one bestseller but also hatched an entire series of Chicken Soup books.
Finally，you should take the time to write out an action plan，or map，for how you are going to achieve your goals.Brain Tracy points out，“Goals that are not in writing are not goals at all.They are merely wishes or fantasies.”Most people try to reach their goals without taking the time to write out an action plan.This is like trying to drive from one city to another without a map.With a map in hand，you will not only enjoy the trip much more，but you are also virtually certain of arriving at your destination in the shortest time.
【解题导语】 本文主要运用例证的方法就“如何取得成功”给读者提出了建议。
．responsible [根据第三段最后一句，经过转述可知答案。]
2．themselves [根据第一段的内容可知答案，成功人士把失败归咎于自己，而不是责怪别人。]
3．abandoned [根据第二段第一句可知答案。]
4．willing [根据第四段和第五段第一句可知答案。]
5．chance [根据第五段中的“I called over a hundred people a day to ask for an opportunity to speak to their group.”，经过转述可知答案。注意空前的冠词为a，故不能填opportunity。]
6．focused [根据第六段中的“What's more，we should focus on what we are doing.”可知答案。]
7．Faced [根据第六段中的“Every day，we are faced with hundreds of tasks，messages and people all competing for our time.”可知答案。]
8．published [根据倒数第二段倒数第二句可知答案。注意这里应用过去分词。]
9．written [根据最后一段中的“Goals that are not in writing are not goals at all.They are merely wishes or fantasies.”，经过转述可知答案。]
0．achieve [根据最后一段尤其是第一句和最后一句可知答案。].请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Eurozone leaders will attend a special summit later Friday to conclude the aid process for debtriddled Greece and draw lessons from the crisis they fear may spread.
The heads of state and government are expected to show their solidarity in solving the biggest problem the bloc(国家集团)has faced in more than a decade and stress the urgent need for tightening fiscal(财政的)rules within the group.
Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero said the special summit was an opportunity for the leaders to demonstrate to the world that the 27member states were in the same boat and moving in one direction，the direction of confidence，of budget deficit reduction，of economic growth，of gaining in competitiveness and of shared responsibility.
The summit is to be held days after finance ministers of the 16member bloc agreed to activate a 110 billion euro aidpackage to Greece on Sunday，among which the Eurozone will contribute 80 billion euros and the International Monetary Fund(IMF)the remaining 30 billion euros.
In return，the Greek government has pledged to take a series of austerity(紧缩)measures，including cuts to civil servants' salaries and pensions，and higher value added tax and retirement age.
The austerity program has met with strong opposition from the Greek public，and violent protests staged during the past two days led to concerns that Greece may not be able to carry out the austerity measures it promised and that the debt crisis may spread to other Eurozone countries，such as Spain and Portugal，which have similar public finance problems.
How to help Greece deep in__1__
Finance ministers of the 16member bloc agreed to provide a 110 billion euro__2__for Greece,80 billion from the eurozone and the__3__from IMF.
A special summit to be held ●To conclude the aid process for Greece.
●To draw lessons from the crisis to prevent it from__4__to other countries.
●To show the bloc's __5__in solving the serious problem.
●To put__6__on tightening fiscal rules within the Eurozone.
How Greece helps itself A series of austerity measures to be__7__ ●Cutting down civil servants'__8__and pensions.
●Making value added tax__9__.
●Putting__10__retirement age.
【解题导语】 欧元区各国将召开峰会，商议对陷入债务危机的希腊进行援助的计划。
1．debt [由全文内容尤其是第一段中的debtriddled可知答案。本文主要讲述欧元区对希腊的债务危机的援助及希腊的自救。]
2．aidpackage [根据第四段中的“...a 110 billion euro aidpackage”可知答案。]
3．remaining/rest [根据第四段中的“...the remaining 30 billion euros”可知，此处应用the rest/remaining表示“剩余的钱”。]
4．spreading [根据第一段中的“...draw lessons from the crisis they fear may spread.”可知答案。他们希望从希腊债务危机中吸取教训，避免其扩散。]
5．solidarity [根据第二段可直接得到答案。]
6．stress/emphasis [将第二段中的“stress”进行转换可知，此处应用“put emphasis/stress on”。]
7．taken [根据第五段可知此处要用take，再根据表格的表述可知，此处应用其不定式的被动式作定语，修饰前面的measures。]
8．salaries [由第五段内容可直接得出答案。]
9．higher [倒数第二段讲了希腊为应对危机将实施的一系列紧缩措施。由其中的“higher value added tax”可知，此处为调高增值税。]
0．back [此处表示推迟退休年龄。“put back retirement age”与“higher retirement age”表达的意思相同。]