B7 时态和语态
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①(2017·福建卷)—When did the computer crash?
while I ________the reading materials downloaded from some websites.
A．have sorted
B．was sorting
C．am sorting
D．had sorted
答案 B [句意：——电脑什么时候死机了？——今天早了，当我正将从网站上下载的阅读材料进行分类的时候。本题考查过去进行时的用法。根据时间状语从句的连词while可知，电脑死机发生于“正在分类”的时候，需用进行时态，所以排除A和D；从题干第一句的时态和第二句中的时间状语this morning，可知需用过去时，所以排除C项B项。]
(2011·湖南卷)—Joan, what ________in your hand?
It's a birthday gift for my grandma.
A．had you held
B．are you holding
C．do you hold
D．will you hold
答案 B [句意：“琼，你手里拿着什么东西？”“看，是Look！”可知此处表示动作正在进行。]
(2011·浙江卷)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ________in his place，but luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
答案 C [句意：助理正在替经理举行资讯发布会，这使得经理很担心，但幸运的是，一切进展顺利。根据题干中的was worried及was going可知设空处表示过去正在进行的情况，故答案为C项。]
(2011·新课标全国卷)When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ________there.
C．was lying
D．has lain
答案 A [句意：当爱丽丝苏醒过来的时候，她不知道自己已在那儿躺了多久。本题考查时态。由题意可知，“她躺在那儿”发生在came to和did not know之前且表示动作的延续，应用过去完成进行时，故答案为A项。]
(2010·福建卷)—Guess what, we've got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer.
You ________a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing
B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing
D．will have experienced
答案 A [句意：——你猜怎么着，我们获then表示将来的某个时间点，故用将来进行时。],
⑥(2017·东北三校第一次联考)Traffic conditions in Beijing ________for decades. At first people only complained about jams during rush hours, but today every hour is rush hour.
C．have been worsening
D．worsened
答案 C [句意：北京的交通条件很差已经几十年了。开始人们只是在交通高峰期拥堵时抱怨，但是现在人们时时都在抱怨，因为每时每刻是交通高峰期。根据句意可知应用现在完成进行时。故选C。