2015届浙江省富阳市高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（11）

　　浙江省富阳市2015高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（11）及答案

　　【广东省深圳市高三期末考试

　　A little girl in my family got a typewriter for Christmas. Not a laptop. Nothing with a screen. The old-fashioned manual kind.

　　Typewriters had pretty much gone the way of dodo birds quite some years before my granddaughter was born. But it was the typewriter used by a journalist in the movie “Kit Kittredge: An American Girl” that attracted her.

　　Or maybe it was the way the typewriter was used. In the movie, Kit does old-fashioned journalism and writes stories that help right a wrong. In a challenging environment she keeps her wits — and a strong sense of ethics (道德) — about her.

　　However, another reporter, Chuck Tatum in “Ace in the Hole” is totally different. He tells an editor, “If there’s no news, I’ll go out and bite a dog.” Later, referring to a sign in the newsroom that reads “Tell the Truth,” Tatum acknowledges some guilt. But, “Not enough to stop me on my way to the top.”

　　In both movies, the journalists use typewriters. It’s what they do with them that makes the difference. And today, it’s what we do with our hardware — the journalism we produce — that makes the difference.

　　Typewriters have long since given way to laptops, camera phones and video phones. But here at Thomson Reuters (路透社), and in the media as a whole, the need for a strong sense of ethics has never been more necessary.

　　To me, at the heart of ethics are the preservation (保持) of honesty, independence and freedom from prejudice. It means ethics and standards are compatible with innovation (革新). In fact, they have to go hand in hand. There’s a lot of room for innovation here, but there’s no room for a Chuck Tatum, who would do anything to get to the top.

　　In about 2020, my granddaughter will probably be using technology that hasn’t been developed yet to work on her school “newspaper”. She won’t be using her typewriter but she will, I hope, be using what she’s learned from the journalists of this generation. It’s up to us to set the right example.

　　41. What does Chuck Tatum mean by saying “bite a dog”?

　　A. He tries all sorts of tricks to achieve his goal.

　　B. He acknowledges his guilt of telling lies.

　　C. He attracts people’s attention in the street.

　　D. He becomes mad because there’s no news.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“Not enough to stop me on my way to the top.”可知Chuck Tatum会尝试各种手段去达到自己的目标。

　　42. According to the author, really good journalists are those who __________.

　　A. are crazy about the work like Chuck Tatum

　　B. can take whatever means to attract the public

　　C. are honest, independent and free from prejudice

　　D. were living in the time when typewriters were used.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】细节理解题。前面通过比较Kit Kittredge和Chuck Tatum，可以看出一个真正的记者需要有强烈的道德观，结合倒数第二段“at the heart of ethics are the preservation (保持) of honesty, independence and freedom from prejudice.43. The passage may imply that __________.

　　A. Dodo birds are still living on the earth.

　　B. Thomson Reuters will not employ a journalist like Chuck Tatum

　　C. Typewriters are more popular to the journalists than laptops

　　D. what matters is that journalists should use their new-fashioned hardware

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“But here at Thomson Reuters (路透社), and in the media as a whole, the need for a strong sense of ethics has never been more necessary.Chuck Tatum不择手段获取目标的描述，可知路透社不会雇佣像Chuck Tatum一样的记者。故本题选B。

　　44. The purpose of the passage is __________.

　　A. to advocate the sense of ethics in journalism

　　B. to criticize the lack of ethics among journalists

　　C. to ask adults to set a good example for the young

　　D. to encourage more people to work on newspapers

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。由“It means ethics and standards are compatible with innovation (革新).I hope, be using what she’s learned from the journalists of this generation.”可知本文的目的是提倡资讯界的道德观。故选A。

　　45. Who are the intended readers of the passage?

　　A. People in general.

　　B. Fans of American films.

　　C. Children like his granddaughter.

　　D. The journalists of this generation.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】推理判断题。本文通过打字机引出两位不同资讯工作者的对比，说明道德观的重要性。所以它的目标读者应该是这一代的资讯工作者。

　　【2017界广东省深圳市B

　　At railway stations all across Britain next week, groups of students will gather with their backpacks to wait for the trains that will carry them home for Christmas. This is as large a movement of human beings as before, but with more contradictory traffic flows, so that trains filled with the young pass each other travelling in every direction.

　　At first, I went home every weekend with my washing, but then those visits became less regular. How did I let my parents know I was coming? They had no phone. Perhaps I wrote to them ("Expect me with dirty shirts this Friday afternoon"), but more likely I didn't let them know, and just turned up or didn't turn up, not understanding that my parents' dashed hopes of seeing me were a greater casualty of my carelessness than a spoiled tea.

　　And in all this I suspect I was typical, at least of young men. As for our fathers and mothers, none of them talked of "empty-nest syndrome", even though its implication that the principal human duty is to protect and feed the young would have suited their generation better than ours. Then, the feelings of loss went without a name. Today, it's a condition with remedies, which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life. The Mayo Clinic, for example, suggests you try to maintain regular contact with your children through "visits, phone calls, emails, texts or video chats". If you feel depressed, lean on loved ones or your mental health provider. Above all, stay positive: "Thinking about the extra time and energy you might have to devote to your marriage or personal interests after your last child leaves home might help you adapt to this major life change."

　　What can’t be denied, however, is that children often leave home. In modern societies, this is what they do. Christmas is the very time they can be depended on to return. For the non-religious, that may be this season’s true comfort and significance.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇故事，讲述了圣诞前夕英国大批青年学生乘火车回家，由此引发了作者回顾自我的经历并意识到，当年他根本没有意识到父母对孩子的关爱。文章还给上了年纪的人如何排解空巢的孤独感和孩子们一些建议。31．The main reason for the busy traffic across Britain next week is that

　　.

　　A．young students will travel home for Christmas

　　B．young people will travel in every direction

　　C．it is a large movement of human beings

　　D．the traffic flows will be more contradictory

　　【答案】【解析】根据文章第一段 groups of students ...will carry them home for Christmas可知选A。

　　32． From the second paragraph we can learn that the writer

　　.

　　A．went home every week to wash dirty clothes

　　B．understood his parents’ desire of seeing him

　　C．didn’t understand his parents’ feelings

　　D．went home to see his parents regularly【答案】【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容 not understanding that my parents' dashed hopes of seeing me were a greater casualty of my carelessness than a spoiled tea可知选C。

　　33．The underlined word “remedies” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

　　.

　　A．reasons B．excuses C．habits D．solutions【答案】D

　　【解析】词义猜测题。根据该句后面定语从句的解释 which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life可知是补救办法，纠正办法，解决方法之意。34．From the last paragraph we know that

　　.

　　A．in modern society, children should leave home

　　B．Christmas is likely a time for family reunion

　　C．the significance of Christmas is celebration

　　D．Christmas is not a comfort for the non-religious【答案】【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段理解 Christmas is the very time they can be depended on to return可知圣诞节是家人重聚的日子。35．From the passage we can infer that by writing the article the writer’s purpose is to

　　.

　　A．persuade the young to show concern for their parents

　　B．ask the young to go home regularly

　　C．make the young understand their parents’ interestD．enable the young to be more independent【答案】【解析】题。根据理解整个故事可知作者的目的是劝诫年轻人要对父母表示关心。dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. And women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.

　　Yet a study released Thursday said men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred large companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in live years of studies from the University of California, Davis.

　　Also, a new research paper in the journal Sex Roles looks at the experiences of women who are the main earners in their family. Rebecca Meisenbach at the University of Missouri in Columbia interviewed fifteen women. She found they all valued their independence and many enjoyed having the power of control, though not all wanted it.

　　But they also felt pressure, worry and guilt. Partly that was because of cultural expectations that working women will still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.

　　The job market continues to suffer the effects of last year’s financial crash. Now, a judgment has been reached in the first case involving charges of criminal wrongdoing on Wall Street.

　　Last week, the government lost its case against two managers at Bear Stearns, the first investment bank to fail last year. A jury found Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin not guilty of lying to investors.

　　The hedge funds they supervised lost their value in two thousand seven. But jurors said there was no clear evidence that they meant to mislead investors.

　　The Justice Department continues to investigate other companies.

　　9. Why is the unemployment rate for men higher.

　　A. Because there are more men workers in industries.

　　B. Because many industries mainly employing men now don’t need so many workers.

　　C. More and more women take the place of men.

　　D. Because health care and temporary employment services don’t employ men.

　　10. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

　　A. women haven’t got complete equality as men

　　B. only by becoming the main earners in their family can women gain a high position

　　C. all women now value independence and the power of control

　　D. taking care of children is now shared by men and women

　　11. Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A. Men hate that women earn more money.

　　B. It is commonly believed that women should take care of children.

　　C. The job market has recovered from the effect of the financial crisis.

　　D. Now women working full time earn more than men.

　　12. Why does the government accuse two managers?

　　A. They contributed to the financial crash.

　　B. They led a corrupt life.

　　C. They lied to investors.

　　D. A jury found them misleading investors.

　　【参考答案】9—12、BABC

　　阅读理解-------------D

　　“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity,” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it’s probably worth listening to.

　　Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese, you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump(树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.

　　A book by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense(香) hopes that the gods will give you good fortune; it’s practical advice you can follow each day.

　　Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups; those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper,” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.

　　It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”, in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.

　　I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners, my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.

　　As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.

　　Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.

　　13. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?

　　A. Make the best of a bad job.

　　B. Rome was not built in a day.

　　C. All is not gold that glitters.

　　D. A good heart conquers ill fortune.

　　14. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?

　　A. She became famous through her family background.

　　B. She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.

　　C. She is a British talk show host.

　　D. She became successful by her own effort.

　　15. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show __________.

　　A. luck is in your own hand

　　B. bad luck can turn into good

　　C. you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you

　　D. man can conquer nature

　　【参考答案】13—15、ADC