2015届高考英语一轮复习教案：Module 4《Carnival》（外研版必修五）

　　Module 4　Carnival

　　【美文阅读】　

　　西方Carnival，东方嘉年华。空气中弥漫着浓厚的节日气氛，万人空巷。场面宏大的游行，华丽的服饰，精美的食物，盛大的宴会，各色的面具，浪漫的“奇遇”……，人们尽情地欢笑，尽情地舞蹈，尽情地享受节日的快乐，尽情地放松自己，为自己的心灵寻找一个小憩的、温暖的“家”，你想进一步了解这一切吗？让我们一起走进狂欢节，共同领略这异域的节日风情吧！

　　Carnival is an annual celebration of life found in many countries of the world.And in fact, by learning more about carnival we can learn more about accepting and understanding other cultures.

　　Many years ago, the followers of the Catholic(基督教的) religion in Italy started the tradition of holding a wild costume festival right before the first day of Lent.Because Catholics are not supposed to eat meat during Lent, they called their festival, carnival—which means“to put away the meat”．As time passed, carnival in Italy became quite famous and in fact it spread to France, Spain, and all the Catholic countries in Europe.Then as the French, Spanish, and Portuguese began to take control of the Americas and other parts of the world, they brought with them their tradition of celebrating carnival.

　　In order to put a carnival band together, it takes many weeks of preparing and lots of creativity, energy，and patience.The first step is to come up with a theme

　　or overall concept for the band and to develop costume illustrations for each dancer.Costumes are then sewn, decorated, and fitted to each individual dancer.

　　The larger costumes are usually more difficult to design and build.Huge frames are created by bending wire into shapes, and then covering with paper and other materials.Physics plays an important role, as the costume must be able to move and dance across stages and streets, and not fall apart!

　　Carnival offers many people a tool for self­expression and exploration, a tool to seek out roots, a tool to develop new forms of looking at the world and its cultures, and finally, a tool to unite the world, to discover what people all over the world have in common, and to celebrate what makes people different.The power and creativity that are hidden in these art forms can transform lives.Join hands and together we will dance to the song of life!

　　【诱思导学】

　　1．What can we learn by learning more about carnival?

　　【答案】　We can learn more about accepting and understanding other cultures.

　　2．Which countries played an important rale in spreading carnival?

　　【答案】　Frence，Spain, and Portugal

　　3．What does carnival offer people?

　　【答案】　Carnival offers many people a tool to develop new forms of looking at the world and its cultures.

　　Period ⅠPreviewing

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●课标技能要求

　　初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。

　　●教学目标

　　本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。

　　●教学地位

　　本模块题材内容为“狂欢节”，并引入与此有关的词汇，如中外节日的名称。通过了解上述内容，要求学生掌握有关的词汇，培养有关的语言技能。比较中外节日的差异，并从中分析、了解东西方文化的特点，增强跨文化交际的意识。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　T：Do you know anything about Thanksgiving Day? Where is it celebrated? When? And why? (如果有学生能回答，就让学生回答。如果学生回答不了，教师就给出答案。这个过程其实是学生的学习过程。)

　　T: Can you name some more western festivals? (鼓励提供更多的西方节日的名称并根据准备好的录像作简单的介绍。如Christmas, Holi, Halloween, etc.)

　　T: Who can name any Chinese festivals? (把全班分成两大组，开展比赛。看哪个组能说出更多的中国节日名称，在黑板上写下节日名称，并记录学生得分。)

　　T：We have learned many festivals both Chinese and the Western.Can you guess what this festival is: People wear masks and special clothes.They dress up for this festival.

　　Ss：Carnival.

　　T: Yes.Today we will learn another festival—Carnival.It originates from Europe，and during these days, people often love wearing special clothes and masks for it.

　　Read the passage and match the main idea with every paragraph.

　　…

　　●教学流程设计

　　导入新课。→学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第46页)。→学生就“话题美文导读”进行讨论，统一答案。→让学生快速阅读课文，(见课本第32－33页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第xxx页)。→师生共同讨论并统一答案。→学生再次阅读课文(见课本第32－33页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第47页)。→学生再次阅读课文(见课本第32－33页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第47页)。→→学生再次仔细阅读课文(见课本第32－33页)，进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第47页)。→→→→→老师布置作业，让学生看课本第31页并完成课本第32页1、2题和第33页3、4题，预习学案Period Ⅱ(见学案第48－52页)，列举出你所知道的中外节日名称。

　　(对应学生用书第47页)

　　Ⅰ.篇章结构

　　阅读文章，然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3词)

　　Main ideas Facts

　　Para.1 People's general 1.

　　of carnival Wherever there is carnival, there is 2.

　　.

　　Para.2 The origin and meaning of “Carnival” ★It originates from 3.

　　，where people saw Carnival as a last chance to 4.

　　at the end of the winter season.

　　★“Carnival” means “no more meat”．

　　Para.3 The 5.

　　carnival caused when people in Venice celebrated it That people wearing masks could do what they wanted without being recognized led to many crimes not being 6.

　　.

　　Para.4 The

　　laws about

　　the use of masks ★Men mustn't wear masks at night and mustn't dress up as women.

　　★People wearing masks couldn't carry 7.

　　or enter a church.

　　Para.5 The revival of

　　carnival Students 8.

　　the tradition and the festival was developed for tourists.

　　Para.6 The features of carnival in Venice today It lasts for 9.

　　days in February and the spirit of it is the 10.

　　of the mask.

　　【答案】　1.impression　2.excitement　3.Europe　4.have fun　5.problems　6.punished　7.firearms

　　8.revived　9.five　10.mystery

　　Ⅱ.语篇理解

　　阅读P32－33的Reading and Vocabulary部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案

　　1．When is carnival celebrated?

　　A．Before Christmas.

　　B．Between Christmas and Easter.

　　C．After Easter.

　　2．Which place does carnival originate from?

　　A．Europe.

　　B．Asia.C．Africa.

　　3．What was limited by laws when the government realized that wearing masks had become a problem?

　　A．Men were not allowed to wear masks at night.

　　B．People who wore masks could carry firearms.

　　C．No one could enter a school wearing a mask.

　　4．Which one does not belong to the way people celebrate carnival when it was revived in the late 1970s?

　　A．Making masks.B．Organising parties.

　　C．Making pumpkin pies.

　　5．In Venice people covered their

　　with masks.

　　A．eyes　B．faces　C．hair

　　【答案】　1.B　2.A　3.A　4.C　5.B

　　Ⅲ.课文缩写

　　用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写

　　on end；come off；come from；punish；have fun；mask; recognized；revive；think of；wander

　　Think of carnival, and you 1.

　　crowds，costumes, and confusion.“Carnival” 2.

　　two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”．People saw Carnival as a last chance to 3.

　　at the end of the winter season.

　　The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice.For weeks 4.

　　， people wearing 5.

　　did what they wanted without 6.

　　， so that many crimes went 7.

　　.

　　The government realised this problem and made laws to solve it.Masks were banned completely.But in the late 1970s the tradition was 8.

　　by students.

　　Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.As you 9.

　　through the streets, you see thousands of masks.However, nobody takes them off.If the masks 10.

　　， the magic is lost.

　　【答案】　1.think of　2.comes from　3.have fun　4.on end　5.masks　6.being recognized　7.unpunished

　　8．revived　9.wander　10.come off

　　Ⅰ.词义搭配

　　1．carnival　A．to buy (a ticket) in advance

　　2．confusion

　　B．to regain life, consciousness, or strength；to restore interest in or the popularity of

　　3．empire

　　C．to cause to cover a wider area；to make larger

　　4．book

　　D．festival；time when many people come together in the streets for dancing, singing, etc.

　　5．magic

　　E．the clothes worn by actors in a play or film, or worn by sb.to make them look like something else

　　6．revive

　　F．the power of apparently influencing the course of events by using mysterious or super natural forces

　　7．extend

　　G．a breakdown of order

　　8．costume

　　H．an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress

　　【答案】　1.D　2.G　3.H　4.A　5.F　6.B　7.C　8.E

　　Ⅱ.短语填空

　　think of；dress up；have fun；come to an end；on end；in secret；date back to；come off

　　1．You'll sure to

　　at the party tonight.

　　2．It has been raining for days

　　.

　　3．Tom and Jane have been meeting

　　.

　　4．I couldn't

　　the name of that man anyhow.

　　5．One of the buttons has

　　my coat.

　　6．The girls all

　　to take part in the evening party.

　　7．This castle

　　Roman times.

　　8．The meeting

　　at last.

　　【答案】　1.have fun　2.on end　3.in secret　4.think of

　　5．come off　6.dressed up　7.dates back to　8.came to an end

　　Ⅲ.句型背诵

　　1．Few weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks，doing what they wanted without being recognized.

　　连续几个星期人们戴着面具走在街上，为所欲为而不会被认出来。

　　2．As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.

　　然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间延长了，圣诞节刚过，狂欢节就开始了。

　　3．Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important，while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.

　　普通人可以装成阔佬和要人，而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。

　　4．Their use was limited by laws，the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.

　　它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制，最早可追溯到14世纪。

　　Period Ⅱ　Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●课标技能要求

　　重点词汇的理解与应用。

　　●教学目标

　　(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

　　(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。

　　(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。

　　(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会更加清楚和熟练用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、表示将来用法的句子和段落完成有关语言的区别表达，正确运用被动语态提高学生的书面表达能力。

　　●教学地位

　　单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　Can you list some Chinese Festivals? Can you give some names of western Festivals?

　　(通过学生非常熟悉的中国节日的发问，引出本课的主题——西方节日——狂欢节)

　　●教学流程设计

　　导入新课。→老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。→让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第48－52页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。→让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。→老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。→让学生再次阅读课文，(见课本第32－33页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。→让学生完成“自我评估”(学案第52页)。→布置作业。让学生完成课本第34页第3题，“课时作业”(见学案第107页)和预习Period Ⅲ(见学案第53－55页)。

　　(对应学生用书第48页)

　　1．come out出来；开花；出版，发表；结果是

　　This festival is at the end of October, when “ghosts” come out.(教材P31)

　　这个节日在十月底，是魔鬼出来的日子。

　　The rain will stop and the sun will come out soon.

　　雨就要停了，太阳很快就会出来。

　　The rose bush(蔷薇)came out late this year because of the cold weather.因为天气寒冷，今年蔷薇花开得晚。

　　When is your new novel coming out?

　　你的新小说何时出版？

　　come的相关短语：

　　come about　发生

　　come across　碰到；偶然遇见

　　come on　跟随；加油

　　come down　落下；跌价

　　come from　来自；出生于

　　come up　出现，发生；被提出

　　come through　安然度过

　　come to　到达；苏醒

　　come off　脱落

　　【对接高考】

　　(2011·天津高考)She

　　an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

　　A．turned down　B．dealt with

　　C．took after

　　D．came aross

　　【解析】　句意：昨天她在百货商店购物的时候碰到了一个老朋友。come across偶遇，碰见；turn down拒绝；deal with处理，对付；take after像，相似。根据句意选D项。

　　【答案】　D

　　写出下列句中come out的含义

　　①Bats come out only at night.

　　②That magazine comes out once a month.

　　③Some flowers have begun to come out.

　　④How did the movie finally come out?

　　⑤The truth has come out at last.

　　【答案】　①出来　②出版；发表　③开花；发芽　④结果是，结局　⑤公之于世；传出

　　2．come to an end完结，结束

　　The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.(教材P32)

　　原始的威尼斯狂欢节200年前就结束了。

　　Our program is about to come to an end.

　　节目结束的时间快到了。

　　How time flies! The term has come to an end.

　　时间过得真快，期末已经到了。

　　at the end (of)在(……的)尽头

　　by the end of到结束时，到末尾时

　　bring/put...to an end使……结束

　　on end不停地，连续地；竖着

　　in the end最后；终于

　　from beginning to end从头到尾地

　　I have read your book from beginning to end.

　　你的大作我已从头到尾读遍了。

　　By the end of this week, I will have finished most of the work.到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作。

　　完成句子

　　①每个人都希望这个乏味的讨论尽快结束。

　　Everyone hopes that the boring discussion can

　　as soon as possible.

　　②到明年年底，他们将建成这个新体育馆。

　　next year, they will have finished the work on the new stadium.

　　③他们连续争论了两天。最后，他们决定结束这场无休止的争论。

　　They argued for two days

　　.

　　，they decided to

　　this endless argument.

　　【答案】　①come to an end　②By the end of　③on end；In the end；bring to an end

　　3．hide vt.把……藏起，隐藏；隐瞒；遮蔽 vi.躲藏，躲避

　　If you wear this, it hides your face and your feelings.(教材P32)如果你带着面具的话，就会把你的脸和你的情感隐藏起来。

　　Don't hide your face, and look at my eyes.

　　别转过脸，看着我的眼睛。

　　She tried to hide her disappointment at not getting the promotion.她试图掩饰自己没有得到提升的失望。

　　The moon was hidden by the clouds.

　　月亮为云彩所遮蔽。

　　①hide sth.from sb.向某人隐瞒某事

　　hide sth.in/at/under...把……隐藏在……

　　hide one's feelings掩饰自己的感情

　　hiding n．躲藏处

　　a hiding place藏身处

　　③hidden adj.秘密的；隐藏的

　　a hidden place秘密的地方/隐蔽的地方

　　Why do you hide your thoughts away from me?

　　你为什么对我隐瞒你的想法？

　　There is no hiding place on the water surface.

　　水面没有隐藏的地方。

　　用hide的适当形式填空

　　①She used to

　　her diary under her pillow.

　　②The police are following a murderer who's in

　　.

　　③You must be alert to the

　　danger.

　　【答案】　①hide　②hiding　③hidden

　　完成句子

　　④这事不要瞒我了，我已经知道了。

　　Don't

　　me.I've already known it.

　　⑤一见到我，那小孩就藏到了他爸爸身后。

　　On seeing me, the child

　　his father.

　　【答案】　④hide this thing from　⑤hid himself behind

　　4．Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.(教材P32)想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群，服装和混乱。

　　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，第一句话相当于一个条件句，第二句是在第一句的基础上出现的结果。本句等于：If you think of carnival，you will think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.

　　Work hard, and you will make progress.

　　努力学习，你就会取得进步。

　　Use your head, and you will find the answer to the question.动动脑筋，你就会找到这个问题的答案。

　　此结构还有另外三种形式：

　　①祈使句＋or＋陈述句(＝if...not，＋主句)，祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果，常译为“不然的话，否则……”

　　②名词短语＋and＋陈述句，名词短语中通常含有more，another，future，earlier等词。其中名词短语表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。

　　③祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句，其中破折号起到and的作用，从正面预测结果。

　　Take care, or you will be in danger.

　　当心，否则你就会有危险的。

　　Another $500, and could buy a car.

　　假如再有500美金，我就能买一辆小汽车了。

　　Try some of this juice—perhaps you'll like it.

　　尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。

　　【对接高考】

　　(2017·湖南高考) Close the door of fear behind you, and you

　　the door of faith open before you.

　　A．saw

　　B．have seen

　　C．will see

　　D．are seeing

　　【解析】　句意：关上你身后的惧怕之门，你就会看到信心之门在你面前敞开着。这是祈使句＋and＋并列句。根据句意，并列句谓语应该用一般将来时态。

　　【答案】　C

　　英汉互译

　　①再给我五分钟，我就会完成这项任务。

　　②Keep quiet, or I will report you to Mr.Li.

　　【答案】　①Give me another five minutes, and I will finish the task.　②安静点，否则我将把你报告给李老师。

　　5．dress up装扮；打扮；穿上盛装

　　Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.(教材P32)玩乐意味着吃吃喝喝，乔装打扮。

　　The girls all dressed up to take part in the evening party.姑娘们全都打扮起来去参加晚会。

　　Mr.Green dressed up as a policeman in dark glasses.

　　格林先生伪装成一名戴墨镜的警察。

　　①dress up in＋衣服/颜色 穿上……衣服/颜色的衣服

　　dress up as... 装扮成……，打扮成……

　　dress for sth. 为(某一场合)穿适当的衣服

　　dress well穿着得体

　　②be dressed in＋衣服/颜色

　　穿着……衣服(表状态)

　　dress sb./oneself给某人穿衣(表动作)

　　be well dressed穿着讲究

　　He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.

　　他想要打扮成圣诞老人。

　　And I'm going to dress up in my birthday suit!

　　然后穿上我的生日礼服！

　　We must be dressed in uniform at school.

　　在学校我们必须穿制服。

　　The lady always behaves elegantly and dresses well.

　　这位女士总是举止优雅，穿着得体。

　　dress/put on/wear/have on

　　dress 及物动词，“给……穿衣”，宾语是人(sb./oneself)；不及物动词“穿衣”，表动作；表状态时构成结构(be) dressed in。

　　put on 指“穿”的动作，“穿上”。

　　wear 用作及物动词，后面接衣物作宾语，表示“穿戴”的状态，可用于进行时态；wear还可指戴手套、手表、首饰、胸章或留长发、胡须等。

　　have on 表示穿着的状态，不可用于进行时态。

　　用dress/wear/put on/have on的适当形式填空

　　①He

　　his coat and went out.

　　②She was

　　a pair of sunglasses.

　　③She was

　　her daughter.

　　④She always

　　fashionably.

　　⑤The lady who is

　　in white is our Chinese teacher.

　　⑥He

　　a red T­shirt.

　　【答案】　①put on　②wearing　③dressing　④dresses⑤dressed　⑥has on/wears

　　6．extend vt. 延长；伸展；提供；供给；使竭尽全力

　　As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas.(教材P32)然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间延长了，圣诞节刚刚结束就开始了。

　　Our playing fields extend as far as those trees.

　　我们的操场延伸到那些树前。

　　We decided to extend our visit till Tuesday.

　　我们决定把我们的访问延长至星期二。

　　extend into sth.扩大或延长到……

　　extend over遍及；覆盖

　　extend to sth. (使)达到，伸展到……

　　extend out 伸出来

　　extend one's arms 伸出两臂

　　The meeting extended late into the night.

　　会议继续到深夜。

　　High unemployment extends over the whole of Britain.严重失业遍及整个英国。

　　The judge's power extends to all parts of the area.

　　这位法官的权力及于整个地区。

　　extend/expand/enlarge/increase

　　用extend/expand/enlarge/increase的适当形式填空

　　①We

　　the kitchen by six feet.

　　②He does exercise to

　　his chest.

　　③The mayor's political influence rapidly

　　.

　　④ We are planning to

　　the garden.

　　【答案】　①extended　②expand　③increased　④enlarge

　　7．Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.(教材P32)普通人可以装扮成富人和重要人物，而著名的人物也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。

　　(1)pretend v．假装；佯作

　　The young actor pretended to be Hamlet.

　　那个年轻演员扮演哈姆雷特。

　　She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.

　　她闭上眼睛，装作睡着了。

　　pretend sth.假装，伪称某事

　　pretend to be＋n./adj.假装是……

　　pretend to do 假装做……

　　pretend to be doing 假装正在做……

　　pretend to have done假装已做过某事

　　pretend＋that­clause假装……

　　She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.她假装很喜欢他们，借以获得他们的帮助。

　　The candidate pretended to have worked for a newspaper before.＝The candidate pretended that she had worked for a newspaper before.

　　这位候选人佯称她以前在一家报社工作过。

　　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①He pretended

　　(read) when I came in.

　　②They pretended

　　(know) the secret when asked the secret.

　　③When he saw me, he pretended

　　(not, notice)．

　　【答案】　①to be reading　②to have known　③not to notice

　　(2)in secret＝secretly秘密地；偷偷地

　　The little girl prepared a gift for her mother in secret.

　　小女孩偷偷地给妈妈准备了一份礼物。

　　They held a meeting in secret to discuss some ways.

　　他们秘密地召开了会议商议对策。

　　in peace 和平地，平平安安地

　　in silence 默不作声地，沉默地

　　in surprise 惊奇地

　　in public 公开地，当众地

　　完成句子

　　④这两个国家和平共处。

　　The two countries live together

　　.

　　⑤他们默不作声地吃完了饭。

　　They finished their meal

　　.

　　⑥后来那位流行歌星对自己的言论做了公开道歉。

　　The pop star later apologized for his comments

　　.

　　【答案】　④in peace　⑤in silence　⑥in public

　　8．go unpunished未被惩处；逍遥法外

　　Many crimes went unpunished.(教材P33)

　　很多罪行逃脱了惩罚。

　　Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.我们的老师不容许欺骗行为不受到惩罚

　　go是系动词，意为“变成，变得，变为，成为；处于……状态”，常接形容词或过去分词作表语，表示状态的改变，通常指由好变坏或由正常变为不正常。常见搭配：

　　go hungry/wrong/bad/mad/blind/deaf/red。

　　其它表示相近意思的系动词还有：get，become，grow，turn，fall等。

　　He went almost mad when he heard the news.

　　他听到这个消息时几乎发疯了。

　　The washing machine has gone wrong.

　　洗衣机出毛病了。

　　Hearing this, she went red.

　　听到这个消息，她的脸红了。

　　教

　　师

　　备

　　考

　　资

　　源 常见的系动词搭配：

　　get tired/married/changed/paid/angry

　　become clear/accustomed/famous

　　grow thinner/worse/rich

　　turn blue/yellow/cold

　　fall ill/asleep/silent

　　用适当的“变得”意义的系动词填空

　　① As he

　　older, he

　　completely deaf.

　　②When spring comes, the leaves begin to

　　green.

　　③ In winter, it

　　dark at about 5 o'clock.

　　④After days of hard work, he

　　tired and

　　ill.

　　【答案】　①grew；became/went　②turn　③ gets

　　④got；fell

　　9．date back to＝date from始于……；追溯到……

　　Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.(教材P33)制定限用面具的法律条文，这最早可以追溯到14世纪。

　　The history of the town dates back to the Middle Ages.这个城镇的历史可回溯到中世纪。

　　The history of the Great Wall can date back to/date from the Qin dynasty.长城的历史可以追溯到秦朝。

　　【提示】　①date from与date back to不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用­ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。

　　②date from和date back to常用于一般现在时。

　　完成句子

　　①这座古庙始建于十七世纪。

　　The old temple

　　the 17th century.

　　②牛津和剑桥的历史可追溯到十三世纪。

　　Oxford and Cambridge

　　the thirteenth century.

　　【答案】　①dates back to/dates from

　　②date back to

　　10．If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years.(教材P33)如果他们违犯了法律，就要被判处长达两年的监禁。

　　(1)put into prison投入监狱

　　The murderer was put into prison.

　　杀人犯被关进监狱。

　　prison的相关短语：

　　in prison

　　坐牢，囚禁

　　send/take sb.to prison

　　把某人关进/送进监狱

　　put/throw sb.into prison

　　把某人投进监狱

　　【提示】prison作“囚禁”讲时前不能加冠词，如in prison 在坐牢，而in the prison则表示“在监狱中”，不一定在坐牢。

　　He was taken to prison and lost freedom.

　　他被送进监狱，失去了自由。

　　He robbed a bank.After he was arrested, he was put into prison.他抢劫了银行。被捕后，他被关进了监狱。

　　The pickpocket was sent to prison for a year.

　　那个小偷被判处一年监禁。

　　①你这样下去会进监狱的。

　　If you go on like this you will

　　.

　　②根据我们的记录，他曾入狱三次。

　　He

　　three times according to our records.

　　③因为诈骗钱财他被收监．

　　He is

　　for obtaining money by false pretence.

　　【答案】　①be put into prison　②has been in prison　③sent to prison

　　(2)up to达到(某数量、程度等)；直到；能胜任；正在干……，从事着(尤指坏事)

　　The hall can hold up to 500 people.

　　礼堂最多能容纳500人。

　　Up to now, he has visited three cities.

　　到目前为止，他已经游览过三个城市了。

　　He is not up to the job.他不能胜任这项工作。

　　What's father been up to? 父亲在搞什么名堂？

　　be up to sb.是……的职责；由……决定

　　be up to doing sth.(体力或智力上)能胜任

　　It's up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事

　　I don't feel up to going to work today.

　　我觉得不舒服，今天不能去上班。

　　It's up to us to give them all the help we can.

　　我们理应尽力帮助他们。

　　写出下列up to的含义

　　⑤I can take up to four people in my car.

　　⑥I don't feel up to the task.

　　⑦Up to yesterday, I thought he was single.

　　⑧It's up to you to decide whether to go or to stay.

　　【答案】　⑤多达　⑥胜任　⑦直到　⑧由……决定

　　11．book vt. 预订；给(某人)预订(飞机座位、房间等)n.书

　　Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.(教材P33)酒店全部被预定完了，狭窄的街道上挤满了盛装打扮的人们。

　　Mary has booked a flight from New York to London.玛丽已预订了从纽约到伦敦的飞机票。

　　book (sb.) in/into

　　为……预订；为……办理登记手续

　　book sth. down记账；登记

　　book (sth.)up预订；订满

　　I'm sorry, the hotel is booked up.

　　对不起，旅馆已经客满了。

　　book/order

　　book 其后的宾语是表示票、座位、房间等的词。

　　order 其后的宾语是表示货物、饭菜、衣服等的词，尤指书面下订单。

　　用book/order的适当形式填空

　　①These boots can be

　　direct from the manufacturer.

　　②I'd like to

　　a table for six for tonight.

　　【答案】　①ordered　②book

　　12．As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks—elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern－but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like .(教材P33)当你在街道上漫步，你会看到成千上万的面具——优雅的或恐怖的，悲伤的或快乐的，传统的或现代的——但那些面具的后面究竟是一张什么样的面孔，你却一无所知。

　　(1)wander vi.漫游；闲逛；流浪；徘徊；出神，开小差n.漫步；闲逛

　　I wandered in the street, wondering where to go.

　　我徘徊在街上，不知去往何处。

　　My attention wandered.我走神了。

　　Lets take a wander down to the shop!

　　我们溜达到商店去吧！

　　wander about/around漫游；徘徊

　　wander off离开；走失；离散

　　wander from偏离话题

　　wanderer n．漫游者；流浪汉

　　The child wandered off and got lost.

　　那孩子走散后迷路了。

　　完成句子

　　①他说得离了题。

　　He

　　the subject.

　　②看那个在那里徘徊的小男孩——他可能是找不到妈妈了。

　　Look at that little boy

　　—perhaps he's lost his mother.

　　③你经常上课走神。

　　You

　　in class.

　　【答案】　①wandered off　②wandering about　③are always wandering

　　(2)what the faces behind them look like是由what引导的一个同位语从句，作idea的同位语。同位语从句用于表示名词的内容，对其加以解释说明，常见的跟同位语从句的名词有：idea，news，fact，thought，hope，order, question等。其引导词常见的有：that，whether, when, which, who, how, what, why等。

　　The order when we should return hasn't reached us.

　　我们什么时候该返回的命令还未收到。

　　The question whether we need it has not yet been considered.我们是否需要它，这个问题还没有考虑。

　　【对接高考】

　　(2011·辽宁高考)When the news came

　　the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

　　A．since

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．because

　　【解析】　考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“

　　the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。

　　【答案】　C

　　完成句子

　　④明天是汤姆的生日。你知不知道生日晚会在哪里举行？

　　Tomorrow is Tom's birthday.Have you got any idea

　　？

　　⑤王林被北京大学录取的消息来自学校办公室。

　　News came from the school office

　　.

　　【答案】　④where the party is to be held　⑤that Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University

　　Period Ⅲ　Integrating Skills & Grammar

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●课标技能要求

　　重点词汇的理解与语法的掌握。

　　●教学目标

　　(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

　　(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。

　　(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够准确运用动词的被动语态。

　　●教学地位

　　语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。

　　●教学流程设计

　　导入新课。→老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。→让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第53－44页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。→让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。→老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。→让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分(见学案第54页)，并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。→老师对语法部分给以点拨。让学生掌握本模块语法知识。→让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第55页)。→师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。→→老师布置作业。让学生完成课本第35页第4题，预习学案Period Ⅳ(见学案第55－58页)。

　　(对应学生用书第53页)

　　1．consist of由……组成；由……构成

　　...a food that consists of a tube of skin containing meat mixed with herbs. (教材P35)

　　……一种把带有香料的肉灌进肠里的食物

　　The book consists of nineteen chapters.全书共分19章。

　　Water is said to consist of oxygen and hydrogen.

　　据说水由氢气和氧合成。

　　①make up组成

　　be made up of由……组成

　　be composed of由……组成

　　②consist in在于……；存在于……

　　consist with和……一致

　　The value of this teaching method consists in the interest it stimulates in the students.

　　这种教学法的优点是能引起学生的兴趣。

　　Theory should consist with practice.

　　理论应该和实践相一致。

　　【提示】　consist of不能用于被动语态和进行时，常用一般现在时和一般过去时。

　　句型转换

　　The committee consists of 15 members.

　　→The committee

　　15 members.

　　→The committee

　　15 members.

　　→15 members

　　the committee.

　　【答案】　is made up of；is composed of；make up

　　3．If possible, record yourself as you speak.(教材P35)如果可能的话，录下你所说的。

　　If possible＝If it is (was) possible在英语中，如果从句中含有it is (was)，在不引起歧义的情况下，可以省略，使得句子更简洁。

　　You'd better drive over to pick me up, if possible.

　　如果可能的话，你最好开车过来接我。

　　Fill in the blanks with proper articles, if necessary.

　　如果有必要，用适当的冠词填空。

　　类似的短语还有if any，if not，if so，if needed等等。

　　I don't know what kind of mistake will be found in your homework.If any，tell me.我不知道你的作业中会出现什么样的错误，如果有的话，就告诉我。

　　You should study hard.If so( ＝If you study hard), you can pass the exam.

　　你应该好好学习，如果这样，你就能通过考试。

　　完成句子

　　①The computer has been almost destroyed by new viruses, and we'll call experts in，

　　(如果有必要的话)．

　　②I think I can fix it tomorrow.

　　(如果不能的话), you'll have to wait till Friday.

　　③There are few，

　　(即使有), mistakes in the book.

　　【答案】　①if necessary　②If not　③if any

　　4．would rather do sth.宁愿做某事

　　Which of the festivals you have read or heard about in this module would you rather go to? (教材P36)在本单元里你所读到或听到的节目里，你最想参加哪一个节目？

　　I would rather do some reading at home than go shopping with them.

　　与其和他们去购物，我倒宁愿留在家里读点书。

　　Which would you rather do, go to cinema or stay at home? 你是去看电影还是待在家里？

　　would rather用法小结：

　　would rather( not)＋动词原形

　　宁愿(不)……

　　would rather＋动词原形＋than＋动词原形

　　宁愿做……也不愿做……

　　would rather that­clause (当从句中所表示的是现在或将来的动作状态时，从句用一般过去时；当从句中表示的是过去的动作或状态时，从句要用过去完成时。)

　　He would rather die than surrender.他宁死不屈。

　　I would rather you went right now.我宁愿你马上就去。

　　I would rather you had been there yesterday.

　　我宁愿你昨天去那儿。

　　翻译句子

　　①我宁愿不对他讲实情。

　　②叫我做什么事都可以，就是不要叫我打扫房子。

　　【答案】　①I would rather not tell him the truth.

　　②I would rather do anything than clean house.

　　5．more or less或多或少(表示约数时相当于about，not exactly；表程度时相当于somewhat，almost)

　　More or less means approximately.(教材P37)

　　“more or less”的意思是或多或少。

　　I've more or less finished the work you gave me.

　　我差不多完成了你交给我的那项工作。

　　The trip will take five days more or less.

　　这次旅行大约要五天时间。

　　完成句子

　　这辆汽车行驶了大约60公里。

　　The car went

　　sixty kilometers.

　　这项工作差不多完成了。

　　The work's

　　【答案】　more or less　 more or less finished.

　　观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会被动语态的用法。

　　In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter.

　　②As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended.

　　③Men were not allowed to wear masks at night.

　　④In later times more laws were passed.

　　⑤If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years.

　　⑥But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.

　　[自我总结]

　　1．被动语态的结构：被动语态是由助动词

　　和及物动词的

　　构成。

　　2．被动语态的用法：不知道动作的

　　，没必要说出、不愿或不便说出动作的执行者时。 强调或突出动作的

　　或事件本身时。当动作的执行者不是人时。

　　【答案】　1.be；过去分词　2.执行者；承受者

　　被动语态

　　英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作执行者即施动者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者即受动者时，动词用被动语态。

　　一、被动语态的构成

　　被动语态可用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。

　　时态 动词的被动形式 例句

　　一般现在时 am/is/are done He is asked to do this.

　　一般过去时 was/were done The story was told by her mother.

　　一般将来时 will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

　　现在进行时 am/is/are

　　being done The bridge is being built.

　　过去进行时 was/were

　　being done At that time the desk

　　was

　　being repaired.

　　现在完成时 have/has

　　been done The house has been built.

　　过去完成时 had been done They said that their work had been finished.

　　过去将来时 would be done He said the trees would be planted soon.

　　二、主动形式表示被动意义

　　1．有些动词如write，read，sell，wash等，既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但当它们和well，badly，easily等副词连用表示主语的内在品质或性能时是不及物动词，用主动形式表示被动意义。

　　The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。

　　The new product sells well.这个新产品很畅销。

　　2．系动词如feel，look，seem，taste，sound，remain等，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。

　　The material feels very soft.这种材料摸起来很软。

　　The food tastes delicious.这种食物尝起来味道很好。

　　3．不及物动词或不及物动词短语如appear，die，disappear，end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart，take place等，没有被动语态。

　　The war broke out in 1886.那场战争爆发于1886年。

　　4．表示状态的动词，如lack，fit，mean，hold，have，contain，resemble等，不用于被动语态。

　　Jane resembles Lucy.简长得像露西。

　　误：Lucy is resembled by Jane.

　　5．动词need，require，want和be worth后可加．v.­ing的主动形式表示被动意义。

　　My watch doesn't work；it needs repairing.

　　我的手表坏了，需要修理。

　　This film is really worth seeing.这部电影的确值得看。

　　6．在“主语＋谓语(系动词)＋表语(形容词)＋ to do”结构中，句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的动宾关系，且形容词表示主语的特征或性质，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult ，important, impossible, interesting, heavy等。

　　The question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。

　　It is impossible to prove.这件事无法证实。

　　Do you think the water is safe to drink?

　　你认为这水喝着安全吗？

　　三、不能用于被动语态的动词(短语)

　　1．不及物动词或短语不能用于被动语态，如：come

　　true，consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, exist, fail, succeed, agree with, belong to, have on, keep up with, lose heart等。

　　This room belongs to me.这房子属于我。

　　2．表示状态的动词：benefit，cost，contain，equal，fit，have, lack, last, mean, seem, resemble, suit, look like等也不能用于被动语态。

　　He failed because he lacked confidence.

　　他由于缺乏自信而失败了。

　　(对应学生用书第55页)

　　.单项填空

　　1．(2017·北京高考)—Have you heard about that fire in the market?

　　— Yes, fortunately no one

　　.

　　A．hurtB．was hurt

　　C．has hurt

　　D．had been hurt

　　【解析】　句意：——你听说市场的那场火灾了吗？——听说了，幸好没有人受伤。本题考查动词的时态和语态。句中主语no one与谓语动词之间为被动关系，故排除A项和C项。火灾发生在过去，因此选择一般过去时的被动语态，故选B项。D项为过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去，与语境时间不符。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．(2017·四川高考)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house

　　.

　　A．is being rebuilt

　　B．has been rebuilt

　　C．is rebuilt

　　D．has rebuilt

　　【解析】　本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。

　　【答案】　A

　　3．(2011·安徽高考)—What do you think of store shopping in future?

　　—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but

　　.

　　A．will never replace

　　B．would never replace

　　C．will never be replaced

　　D．would never be replaced

　　【解析】　考查时态和语态。答话人认为商店购物将与家庭购物并存，但是永远不会被取代。it与replace之间是被动关系，再结合本句的时态will exist可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。

　　【答案】　C

　　4．(2011·天津高考)The letters for the boss

　　on his desk but he didn't read them until three days later.

　　A．were put

　　B．was put

　　C．put

　　D．has put

　　【解析】　句意：给老板的那些信被放在了桌子上，但直到三天后他才读的。根据but后的“didn't read”可知老板读信是发生在过去，所以信被放到桌子上应该发生在“读信”之前，也是过去的动作，与现在无关，所以排除D，因为现在完成时表示动作到现在刚刚结束或是对现在造成了影响或结果。the letters与put之间为被动关系，故排除C；而且the letters作主语，是复数，可排除B。所以答案为A。

　　【答案】　A

　　5．(2011·四川高考)All visitors to this village

　　with kindness.

　　A．treat

　　B．are treated

　　C．are treating

　　D．had been treated

　　【解析】　考查动词的时态和语态。treat与visitors之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，排除A、C两项；又因为句子中没有明确的过去时间点，所以不能用过去完成时，排除D项；故选B项，表示一般情况。

　　【答案】　B

　　.用所动词的适当形式填空

　　1．Most of the waste metal can

　　(put)to use again.

　　2．Electricity

　　(discover) two thousand years ago.

　　3．This part of the seabed

　　(explore) many times.

　　4．Much useful information about these planets

　　(collect) since 1971.

　　5．Outer space

　　(not explore) by people before 1957.

　　6．Much parking space in cities

　　(save) by using small cars.

　　7．The first railway in the world

　　(design) in the last century.

　　8．Computer science

　　(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes.

　　9．Five units of this textbook

　　(study) by the end of last month.

　　10．In this school English

　　(teach) through TV.

　　【答案】　1.be put　2.was discovered　3.has been explored　4.has been collected　5.hadn't been explored　6.will be saved/has been saved/is saved　7.was designed

　　8．is being taught　9.had been studied　10.is taught/is being taught

　　Period Cultural Corner & Writing

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●课标技能要求

　　掌握本课文中的词汇，理解课文，熟练掌握用英语表达“给出理由”的用法，深度理解“节日”背景知识，并就喜好、厌恶和偏爱进行英语表达。

　　●教学目标

　　(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。

　　(2)理解课文。

　　(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。

　　(4)能够表达自己的喜好、厌恶和偏爱。

　　(5)掌握电子邮件的写作要领。

　　●教学地位

　　本课时的内容是根据提供的一个材料，写一篇电子邮件的回信，是日常写作中常见的一个方面。随着人们交流的现代化电子邮件的使用越来越广泛，学好电子邮件的写法及回复是写作中的一个重要组成部分。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　我们了解了一些中西方的节日，尤其是狂欢节。对于狂欢节你能记得哪些习俗？你知道狂欢节的起源和意义吗？那么本课我们就狂欢节的起源和意义进行更深层次的了解和探讨，进一步介绍它的演变和发展。

　　●教学流程设计

　　检查上堂课所布置的作业。→导入新课。→学生快速阅读课文(见课本第39页)并根据学案所设置的问题做出判断。→→让学生再次仔细阅读课文，并完成学案中“语篇理解”部分(见学案第55－56页)。→学生共同讨论师生统一答案。→学生完成“要点讲练”部分(见学案第56－58页)。→学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。→→→→老师布置作业：让学生课下做“模块归纳提升”部分(见学案第59页)和Workbook 第87页第6、7题，第88页第8题。

　　(对应学生用书第55页)

　　Ⅰ.判断正误

　　阅读P39课文，判断正(T)误(F)

　　1．The slave trade lasted more than two hundred years.()

　　2．Walking round a village wearing masks and singing was a British tradition.()

　　3．Musical bands were created for carnival before the slave trade.()

　　4．The meaning of carnival changed as time went on.()

　　【答案】　1.T　2.F　3.F　4.T

　　.语篇理解

　　阅读 P39的 Cultural Corner部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳答案

　　1．At the very beginning, the slaves imitated their masters to

　　.

　　A．worship their GodB．make fun of them

　　C．enjoy themselves

　　2．Walking around a village with masks and singing songs means

　　in African traditions.

　　A．they are in high spirits

　　B．they have got something good

　　C．that will bring them good luck

　　3．Nowadays carnival means

　　.

　　A．uniting of different communities

　　B．honoring the harvest

　　C．remembering the past

　　4．A large number of slaves were taken to America because

　　.

　　A．they had to make a living there

　　B．large farms need labor force

　　C．there were no labor force in America

　　【答案】　1.B　2.C　3.A　4.B

　　(对应学生用书第56页)

　　1．relaxing adj.使人放松的

　　Calypso is great—it's exciting and relaxing at the same time! (教材P38)

　　卡吕普索太棒了，它能让你既兴奋又放松！

　　I find cooking very relaxing.

　　我发现烹饪可以令人非常放松。

　　Travelling by train is more relaxing than driving.

　　乘火车旅行比开汽车轻松得多。

　　relax v．(使)放松

　　relaxed adj.轻松的，无拘无束的；舒适的

　　relaxation n. 放松，放宽；消遣，娱乐

　　I just want to sit down and relax.我只想坐下休息会。

　　She remained peaceful and relaxed.

　　她仍然是那样安详和放松。

　　His day is evenly divided between work and relaxation.他一天的时间一半花在工作上，一半用在娱乐上。

　　用relax的适当形式填空

　　①It's a

　　game and we are all

　　.

　　②I felt

　　listening to music.

　　③Please have some

　　after the midterm exam.

　　④After a long term, we went to the beach to

　　ourselves.

　　【答案】　①relaxing；relaxed　②relaxed　③relaxation

　　④relax

　　2．there is (no) need (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做……是没有必要的

　　...there was an immediate need for people to work on them.(P39) ……急需人们在这儿干活。

　　【提示】　该句式need为不可数名词，need可接介词短语或不定式作定语，构成句式：there is no/great need for sth.或there is no/great need for sb.to do。

　　Is there any need to explain further? ＝Is there any need for further explanation.？有必要更进一步说明吗？

　　There is no need for you to wait.你不必等。

　　能用在there be结构中的名词除了need外，常见的还有下列句型：

　　There is/ was(no) possibility to do sth.做……(没)有可能性

　　There is/ was no time to do... 没有时间做……

　　There is/was no doubt that... 毫无疑问……

　　There is (no) point/sense(in) doing... 做……是(没)有意义的There is (no) chance of (doing)

　　sth./that...(没)有……的可能性

　　There is no time to go to the cinema today.

　　今天没时间去看电影。

　　There is no point (in) arguing with him any more.

　　在和他争论下去是没有什么意义的。

　　There is no chance of doing business if you insist on that offer.如果你们坚持那个报价，这生意就不可能做成。

　　完成句子

　　①非常需要有一本这方面的新书。

　　a new book on the subject.

　　②毫无疑问，他是有罪的。

　　he is guilty.

　　③今晚很可能要下雨。

　　of rain tonight.

　　【答案】　①There is a great need for

　　②There is no doubt that

　　③There is a good possibility/chance

　　3．This marked the beginning of the slave trade.(教材P39)这标志着奴隶贸易的开始。

　　(1)mark v．作记号于；标志；给……打分数/评等级

　　n．痕迹；污点；记号；符号

　　Prices are marked on the goods.商品上都标有价目。

　　The moon landings marked the beginning of a new era.登月标志了一个新纪元的开始。

　　Who made these dirty marks on my new book?

　　谁把我的新书弄上了这些污迹？

　　①mark...with.../be marked with 用……做标记

　　mark...on... 在……上标出/做记号

　　mark out画线标出……的界限

　　mark down 记下；减价；给低分

　　mark up涨价；提高分数

　　mark off 用界限隔开，划出

　　②trade mark商标

　　full marks满分

　　get a good/poor mark得高/低分

　　The box of eggs was marked with“Care”．

　　鸡蛋盒标着“小心”的字样。

　　I can't believe that he got full marks in his midterm exams.真不敢相信他期中考试考了满分。

　　She carefully marked out the important phrases and sentence patterns.她仔细地标出重点短语和句型。

　　完成句子

　　①在你不懂的地方请做好标记。

　　Please

　　where you don't understand.

　　②这些箱子上标着“中国制造”的字样。

　　These boxes

　　the words “Made in China”．

　　【答案】　①make a mark　②were marked with

　　(2)trade n．贸易，交易；商业；行业；交换 vt.&vi.交换；做买卖；进行交易

　　Foreign trade is important to most countries.

　　对多数国家来说，对外贸易很重要。

　　The firm trades with many countries.

　　那家公司和许多国家有贸易往来。

　　①carry on trade 经商，做生意

　　do a trade 进行贸易，做生意

　　go into trade 经商

　　open up trade 开发贸易

　　②trade with与……做交易，做买卖

　　trade in做……生意；经营

　　trade sth.for sth.以……换取……

　　China has been trading with many countries to develop its economy.

　　中国一直在和许多国家做生意来发展它的经济。

　　This shop trades in fruits.这家商店做水果生意。

　　I'll trade my stamp collection for your model boat.

　　我想用我搜集的邮票换你的船模型。

　　完成句子

　　③他与一家外国公司做军火生意。

　　He

　　arms

　　a foreign company.

　　④她用三只苹果换得一串香蕉。

　　She

　　three apples

　　a bunch of bananas.

　　⑤中国和许多国家进行多方面贸易。

　　China

　　many countries.

　　【答案】　③trades in；with　④traded；for

　　　⑤does a lot of trade with

　　4．import vt.进口；输入；引进

　　n．进口；输入；进口商品

　　Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals.(教材P39)当然，欧洲人也引进了自己的节日。

　　The country has to import most of its raw materials.

　　这个国家大部分原料需进口。

　　Sugar is one chief export of China.

　　糖是中国的主要输出品之一。

　　【助记】

　　①import...from... 从……进口……

　　export v．& n. 出口；输出

　　export...to... 把……输出到……

　　We import a large number of cars from foreign countries.我们从国外进口大量的汽车。

　　Many raw materials are exported to foreign countries.

　　许多原料输出到国外。

　　英汉互译

　　①中国从外国进口一些电子产品。

　　②China exports silk to foreign countries.

　　【答案】　①China imports some electronic products from foreign countries.　②中国向外国出口丝绸。

　　5．take over 接手；接管

　　When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival.(教材P39)

　　当1838年奴隶贸易被废止的时候，先前的奴隶沿袭了狂欢节(这个习俗)。

　　I was assigned to take over your position.

　　我被指派接任你的位置。

　　The military took over the government.

　　军方接管了政府。

　　When Mr.Green retired, his son took over the business from him.格林先生退休后，他儿子接管了他的生意。

　　take in欺骗；吸入；包括；理解；领会

　　take off脱掉；起飞；(事业)成功

　　take on呈现；承担(工作、责任等)

　　take place发生

　　take up占据；开始从事；继续

　　take down记下

　　Having worked hard for many years, his career took off at last.奋斗了很多年后，他的事业最终成功了。

　　After being rebuilt, the old temple has taken on a new look.重修之后，古庙呈现一派新景象。

　　【对接高考】

　　(2011·四川高考)To get a better grade, you should

　　the notes again before the test.

　　A．go over

　　B．get over

　　C．turn over

　　D．take over

　　【解析】　考查短语辨析。句意：要得到好的成绩，考试之前你需要再复习一下笔记。go over复习，仔细查看；get over从……恢复过来；turn over反复考虑，翻倒；take over接替，接收。根据句意可知应选A项。

　　【答案】　A

　　用take相关短语的适当形式填空

　　①In many countries, children often

　　their father's company.

　　②After being rebuilt, the Great Wall has

　　a new look.

　　③Don't be

　　by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.

　　④You must

　　what the teacher said.

　　【答案】　①take over　②taken on　③taken in　④take down

　　6．celebration n．庆祝

　　Carnival became a celebration of freedom.(教材P39)

　　狂欢节成了一个庆祝自由的节日。

　　A wedding is an occasion for celebration.

　　婚礼是欢庆的时刻。

　　celebrate vi.& vt.庆祝；颂扬；赞美

　　in celebration of sth.为……举行庆祝活动

　　hold a celebration举行庆典

　　The party was in celebration of Father and Mother's silver wedding.聚会是为庆祝父母的银婚。

　　How do you celebrate the Mid­autumn Festival in your hometown？你的家乡是如何庆祝中秋节的？

　　celebrate/congratulate

　　celebrate 表达“庆祝，祝贺”之意时，是指以仪式、典礼等活动庆祝令人欢乐的事件或日子。后接表示事情、活动等意义的名词作宾语。

　　congratulate 表达“祝贺”某人时，是指自己对某人的祝贺。常用congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth.其名词形式为congratulation，常用复数形式。可单独使用，也可用congratulations to sb.on sth.的形式。

　　完成句子

　　People

　　(正在庆贺)their victory with a dance.

　　They

　　(向他祝贺)his winning the race.

　　(恭喜)! You got the first prize in the competition.

　　【答案】　are celebrating　congratulated him on　Congratulations

　　如何写电子邮件

　　电子邮件的内容十分广泛，在形式上也有其特定的格式和写法。其格式可分为四个部分，即称呼、正文、结尾、签名。

　　1．称呼。写信人对收信人的称谓。称呼写在第一行要顶格，后边加逗号，表示下面有话要说。

　　2．正文。电子邮件的主体部分。你要给对方讲些什么，问些什么，都要在这一部分写清楚。如果是回电子邮件，先回答来信所提的问题，然后再写要告诉对方的话。如果内容较多，最好分段写。一事一段，眉目清楚。

　　3．结尾。一般都要写上表示敬意、祝愿、勉励的话，也就是祝福语，是电子邮件的结尾，必须另起一行。

　　4．签名。签名写在祝语的下一行右边，也可另起一行顶格写。

　　[题目要求]

　　假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob给你发来一封E­mail。他想在今年春节到济南学习汉语，请你帮忙找一所汉语学校。你恰好看到下面的海报。

　　LET'S TALK IN CHINESE

　　Course: Chinese for beginners

　　Time: January 20～February 19

　　Place: Jinan Guangming Language School

　　Tuition(学费): 2,000 RMB

　　For more information: www.jngm.org

　　Jinan Guangming Language School

　　请根据所提供的信息，给Bob回一封电子邮件。

　　注意：1.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；

　　2．词数100左右。

　　[词汇热身]

　　1．很高兴做某事……

　　2．推荐

　　3．满足某人要求

　　4．为……设计/准备

　　5．希望尽快见到你

　　【答案】　1.be delighted/glad to...2.recommend　3.satisfy sb.'s demands/needs　4.be intended for5．hope to see you soon

　　[句式温习]

　　1．我很高兴知道你要来济南学习中文。

　　you're coming to Jinan to learn Chinese.

　　2．在此，我向你推荐一所著名的培训汉语的培训学校——济南光明外国语学校，希望能让你满意。

　　Here

　　you a famous language school—Jinan Guangming Language School, which

　　and will

　　.

　　3．培训课程从1月20日开始，持续一个月到2月19日结束。

　　The course

　　on January 20 and

　　.

　　4．另外，学费也很合理。只有2000元人民币。

　　， the tuition is

　　.It is only RMB 2 ,000.

　　5．如果你还有其他的问题。你可以和我联系或登录网站 www.jngm.org查询。

　　If you have some more questions, please

　　www.jngm.org.

　　【答案】　1.I'm so delighted to learn that 　2.I'd like to recommend；offers such a Chinese training course；satisfy your demands　3.starts；lasts a month till February 19　4.Besides；reasonable　5.let me know or just visit

　　[连句成篇]

　　【参考范文】

　　Dear Bob，

　　I'm so delighted to learn that you're coming to Jinan to learn Chinese.I've got some information about foreigners learning Chinese.Here I'd like to recommend you a famous language school—Jinan Guangming Language School, which offers such a Chinese training course and will satisfy your demands.The course starts on January 20 and lasts a month till February 19.It's intended for beginners like you.Besides, the tuition is reasonable.It is only RMB 2,000.

　　If you have some more questions, please let me know or just visit www.jngm.org.

　　Hope to see you in Jinan soon.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　Ⅰ.立体式复习单词

　　A．基础单词

　　1．

　　vt.掩藏；躲藏

　　2．

　　vt.延长

　　3．

　　vi.假装

　　4．

　　n．记忆

　　5．

　　vt.复兴；再兴起；再流行

　　6．

　　vt.预定

　　7．

　　vi.散步；闲逛

　　8．

　　vi.标志着

　　9．

　　n．&v.贸易

　　10．

　　n．自由

　　【答案】　1.hide　2.extend　3.pretend　4.memory　5.revive　6.book　7.wander　8.mark　9.trade　10.freedom

　　B．词汇派生

　　11．

　　n．杂乱；混乱→

　　vt.使混乱；使困惑→

　　adj.困惑的→

　　adj.令人困惑的

　　12．

　　adj.使人放松的→

　　vt.使放松→

　　adj.放松的；悠闲的→

　　n．放松；娱乐

　　13．

　　vt.引进；进口→

　　vt.出口

　　14．

　　n．庆典；庆祝→

　　vt.庆祝；过节

　　15．

　　n．起源→

　　adj.原先的；最初的→

　　adv.最初；起初

　　【答案】　11.confusion；confuse；confused；confusing　12.relaxing；relax；relaxed；relaxation　13.import；export

　　14．celebration；celebrate　15.origin；original；originally

　　.递进式回顾短语

　　A．短语互译

　　1．结束

　　2．装扮；打扮

　　3．追溯到(某个时候)

　　4．连续地

　　5．秘密地

　　6．

　　consist of

　　7．

　　give up

　　8．

　　take over

　　9．

　　more or less

　　10．

　　by force

　　【答案】　1.come to an end　2.dress up　3.date back to

　　4．on end　5.in secret　6.由……组成　7.放弃(想法，尝试)；戒除　8.接管；接收　9.或多或少；大约　10.强迫

　　B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子

　　11．The troublemakers usually tried to

　　themselves

　　as “angels of peace”．

　　12．The church

　　the 19th century.

　　13．Her stay in the US was

　　and she was thinking about going home.

　　14．Life mainly

　　happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.

　　15．Who will

　　the company when you retire?

　　【答案】　11.dress；up　12.dates back to　13.coming to an end　14.consists of　15.take over

　　.仿写式活用句型

　　1．Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.

　　【句式仿写】　学习再用功点，你就会赶上别人了。

　　2．Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.

　　【句式仿写】　这场戏里面你要扮演一个医生。

　　3．—but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like.

　　【句式仿写】　我不知道长大以后要干什么。

　　4．The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them.

　　【句式仿写】　他根本没有必要这样藏富装穷。

　　【答案】　1.Study harder, and you'll catch up with others. 2．You will pretend to be a doctor in this play.　3.I have no idea what I plan to be when I grow up.　4.There is no need for him to pretend to be poor.

　　阅读理解之推理判断题(四)

　　写作意图和态度倾向推断题

　　写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。

　　态度倾向推断题考查考生是否了解文章、作者或文中人物对某事物所持观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。

　　【实例透析】　

　　(2017·安徽高考·A)

　　Welcome to one of the largest collections of footwear(鞋类)in the world that will make you green with envy.Here at the Footwear Museum，you can see exhibits(展品)from all over the world.You can find out about shoes worn by everyone from the Ancient Egyptians to pop stars.

　　Room 1

　　The celebrity(名人)footwear section is probably the most popular in the entire museum.Started in the 1950s there is a wide variety of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors！Most visitors find the celebrities' choice of footwear extremely interesting.

　　Room 2

　　Most of our visitors are amazed and shocked—by the collection of“special purpose”shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear.For example，there are Chinese shoes made of silk that were worn by women to tie their feet firmly to prevent them from growing too much!

　　Room 3

　　As well as shoes and boots the museum also exhibits shoe­shaped objects.The variety is unbelievable.For example，there is a metal lamp that resembles a pair of shoes，and Greek wine bottles that look like legs!

　　The Footwear Library

　　People come from all over the world to study in our excellent footwear library.Designers and researchers come here to look up information on anything and everything related to the subject of footwear.

　　59．The purpose of the text is to get more people to

　　.

　　A．do research　B．design shoes

　　C．visit the museum

　　D．follow celebrities

　　【解析】　C。写作意图推断题。根据文章开头“Welcome to...”可以看出本文是广告类文章。通过介绍博物馆的具体信息来达到吸引更多游客的目的。

　　【技巧点拨】　

　　解答此类题型时，考生要注意以下几点：

　　掌握作者的观点、态度，不可用自己的观点态度取代作者的观点态度，也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。

　　分析文章中的全部信息，捕捉信息的本质。当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。

　　注意词的本意和与之有联系的其他意义，领悟字面以外的含义。

　　【现场练兵】　

　　(2010·天津高考) To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.

　　Common sense is not all that common.

　　Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

　　...

　　And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people, get the idea that it's okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论) to that：if a good excuse is“ good” even if it isn't honest, then where is the place of the truth?

　　54. What is the author's opinion about a good excuse?

　　A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.

　　B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.

　　C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.

　　D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.

　　【解析】　D。作者态度推断题。根据最后一段“And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art...then where is the place of the truth？”可知，作者认为编造借口、理由并不可取，这会让人们丢掉诚实，忽略真理，说明作者并不赞成这种做法，故选D。