课时作业(三十八) 选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
.单项填空
1．(2017·陕西宝鸡质量检测二)—How do you find your visit to the museum，Jane?
—________.
A．Oh，wonderful，indeed
B．By taking the mumber 3 bus
C．I went there alone
D．A classmate of mine showed me the way
2．(2017·皖南八校第二次联考)Peterson used to work in a remote mountain village school，which is only________on foot.
A．reliableB．accessible
C．availableD．convenient
3．(2017·青岛一检)Drivers using mobile phones on________road are more likely to have________accidents，a science report said recently.
A．a；theB．/；/
C．the；/D．/；the
4．(2017·湖南省部分重点中学5月联考)Don’t be discouraged.Take things________they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A．whereB．as
C．whenD．since
5．(2017·山东实验中学二模)One more week，________we will leave school and have a holiday.
A．soB．but
C．andD．or
6．(2017·南京一模)Most restaurants and cafes have________small nosmoking areas but won’t enforce the law.
A．set asideB．set out
C．set downD．set off
7．(2017·江苏南通第二次调研)While by regulations high school students________not use cell phones in the school，they can use public phones to keep in touch with friends and family.
A．mustB．shall
C．wouldD．might
8．(2017·嘉峪关一中高三模拟) Mary was wearing a diamond necklace borrowed from her friend，________hoping to make herself noticed at the party.
A．abruptlyB．merely
C．fairlyD．shortly
9．(2017·德州模拟)—Which car is better，the red one or the black one?
—I prefer the red one，but it is really a matter of personal________.
A．tasteB．style
C．affairD．tradition
10．(2017·山西汾阳中学月考)When people think of this brand，they always________it with good quality.
A．associateB．advertise
C．combineD．trade
11．(2011·江苏卷)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________.
A．consequence
B．independence
C．competence D．intelligence
12．(2017·杭州一检)The knowledge________in one’s childhood will make a stronger impression on him than what he learns at any other life stage.
A．acquiredB．acquiring
C．being acquiredD．having acquired
13．They had just reached Edinburgh________they were ordered to return to London.
A．untilB．after
C．since D．when
14．—I’m afraid that your answer is not so good.Please look at the blackboard.
—Oh，I see.I ________the answer if I had had more time.
A．must get
B．must have got
C．would get
D．would have got
15．Long time no see！The last time we met was at your wedding.You’re younger than I________.
A．have expected
B．expect
C．expected
D．had expected空[建议用时15]
(2017·江西省红色六校高三第二次联考)
Receiving is giving
I learned about giving in a gentle，caring way.Because my mother was a skilled seamstress (女裁缝)，I was a__1__child.It might have been something related to “the joy of giving” that made me
__2__several of my most fashionable dresses to a less
__3__little girl，who lived with disabled parents.
After thanking me gratefully，the little girl__4__me her only party dress.Puzzled，I tried to__5__，but my mother guided me.She thanked the girl and told her how happy I would be__6__the dress.Then I came to know that my greatest gift to the girl was__7__of the gift she offered me.
Many years later，I stood by__8__as my small rabbit Ashley lay dying.Suddenly she__9__a scratch (划痕) on the shoulder of her friend Lillian.With a last burst of__10__，she raised her head and began to__11__Lillian’s cut.With more strength than she had__12__in several weeks，she struggled to make Lillian feel__13__.Lillian’s last gift to her dying friend was to__14__.Actually，Lillian just sat there to accept Ashley’s__15__and gentle cleaning quietly.
__16__then，I have witnessed the same phenomenon several times.Dying rabbits take care of the wounded rabbits，who give by allowing
__17__to be cared for.I’m just__18__to see animals show such pride，selfrespect，and a sense of when to give and __19__to receive.
I think we human beings have to__20__this：sometimes receiving is giving.
1.A.wellknown B．wellbehaved
C．welldressed D．welleducated
2．A.give inB．give up
C．give away D．give off
3．A.beautifulB．fortunate
C．total
D．optimistic
4．A.offeredB．showed
C．donated D．selected
5．A.escape B．apologize
C．avoid
D．refuse
6．A.wear
B．wearing
C．to wear
D．wore
7．A.sneeze
B．refusal
C．acceptance D．scolding
8．A.helplesslyB．impatiently
C．curiously
D．dynamically
9．A.touchedB．noticed
C．checked D．exposed
10．A.force B．energy
C．attentionD．courage
11．A.cover B．correct
C．cureD．clean
12．A.gatheredB．increased
C．followed D．adored
13．A.convenient
B．selfless
C．comfortable
D．unbearable
14．A.share B．receive
C．giveD．teach
15．A.sympathyB．concern
C．admirationD．respect
16．A.AfterB．Since
C．Before
D．By
17．A.themselves B．herself
C．himself
D．itself
18．A.excitedB．relaxed
C．frightenedD．astonished
19．A.when B．how
C．where
D．what
20．A.commit B．face
C．admit D．learn
.阅读理解
(2017·淄博高三模拟)
Imagine shopping for clothes online and being able to run your hand across the screen on your computer to feel the fabrics.That kind of technology could be available within the next five years.
“We’re talking about reinventing the way computers operate and you interact with them as humans，” says IBM Vice President Bernie Meyerson.
Extending our sense of touch is one of five innovations (创新) that IBM believes will change the world in the next five years，according to the company’s annual “Five in Five” list.
Smart machines will also soon be able to listen to the environment and highlight the sounds we care about most.For instance，an advanced speech recognition system will tell new parents why their baby is crying.
“From the sound the baby is creating，that particular frequency in the voice of the child，you know the difference between a child for instance who is sick as opposed to a child who is just lonely.”
In the near future，personal computers will be able to do more than recognize images and visual data.Their builtin cameras will be able to analyze features such as colors，and understand the meaning of visual media，such as knowing how to sort family photos.
Smart machines will also be able to smell.If you sneeze on your computer，tiny sensors built in the machine will be able to analyze thousands of molecules (分子) in your breath.Then it can tell you whether you need to see a doctor.
IBM scientists are also developing a system which can experience flavors to be used by chefs to create recipes.It breaks down ingredients to their molecular level and blends them to create the most popular flavors and smells.
One of the most impressive things about the IBM list，says Georgetown University computer science professor Mark Maloof，is how powerful these tiny，smart computers are becoming.Maloof hopes the advances will encourage more students to study science，technology，engineering and math，preparing them to play a role in future innovations.
1．According to the text，IBM________.
A．invents a new computer for shopping online
B．decides what technologies will be used in the future
C．predicts we can feel the cloth by touching computers
D．chooses five new possible technologies every five years
2．The example of baby’s crying is mentioned________.
A．to compare whether a child is ill or lonely
B．to show various reasons for baby’s crying
C．to explain the soundanalyzing of the system
D．to teach new parents how to cultivate their child
3．Which of the following about new technologies is wrong?
A．They prevent people from getting sick.
B．They help identify medical conditions.
C．They can sort family photos among media.
D．They create the most popular flavors and smells.
4．According to Maloof，IBM lists the progress in computers to________.
A．warn students of the dangers of online
B．encourage students to invent voice system
C．advocate students to use computers frequently
D．lead more students to create future inventions
5．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．“Five in Five” will change the world
B．Future computers will extend our senses
C．Computers will see and hear better in the future
D．Science fiction will become a part of our everyday life
课时作业(三十八)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析： 考查交际用语。第一句“Jane，这次参观博物馆你感觉如何？”表示说话人向别人提问对于某事的看法，故答案为A，意为“哦，真是太好了”。
答案： A
2．解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。reliable可靠的；accessible可进入的；available有效的，可得的；convenient方便的。由语境可知，那所偏远的山村学校只有步行才能到达。
答案： B
3．解析： 考查冠词。句意为：最近，一份科学报告指出，驾驶员在路上使用手机更容易发生事故。on the road为固定搭配，意为“在路上”；________accidents表示泛指，第二空不需要填冠词。
答案： C
4．解析： 考查状语从句。句意为：不要泄气。顺其自然，你就会享受生活中的每一天。as引导方式状语从句，意为“照……方式”。
答案： B
5．解析： 考查固定结构。句意为：再过一周，我们就将离校放假了。祈使句/名词短语＋and/or＋陈述句，为固定表达结构。其中，前面的祈使句或名词短语相当于if引导的条件句，如用and，前面相当于肯定的if条件句；如用or，则前面相当于否定的条件句。根据语境可知，前面相当于肯定的if条件句。
答案： C
6．解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：大多数餐厅和咖啡馆没有执行法律而是留出了小的无烟区。set aside留出，符合句意。set out动身；set down记下，登记；set off出发，动身。
答案： A
7．解析： 考查情态动词。句意为：虽然根据规定高中生在校不能使用手机，但是他们可以使用公共电话来和朋友家人保持联系。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”，故选B项。
答案： B
8．解析： 句意为：玛丽戴着从朋友那里借来的钻石项链，目的“不过(merely)”是希望在聚会上能引起大家的注意。
答案： B
9．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：——(你觉得)哪辆车更好一些，是红色的那辆还是黑色的那辆？——我更喜欢红色的那辆，但这真的只是个人喜好问题。A项意为“品味，爱好”；B项意为“风格，样式”；C项意为“事件，事务”；D项意为“传统”。根据语意可知，答案选A。
答案： A
10．解析： 句意为：每当人们一想起这个牌子，他们总是会把它和高质量联系在一起。associate with联想起，此处表示想起这个品牌就联想起高质量，符合语境。 advertise为……做广告；combine使……相结合；trade用……进行交换。
答案： A
11．解析： 考查形容词辨析。句意为：教师必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业能力。consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，技能，胜任；intelligence智力，智慧，才智。
答案： C
12．解析： 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作knowledge的后置定语，因acquire与其逻辑主语knowledge构成动宾关系，排除B和D；因此处并不表示正在被获得，所以可排除C。
答案： A
13．解析： 考查连词辨析。句意为：他们在接到返回伦敦的命令时，刚刚到达爱丁堡。when意为“就在那时”；until意为“直到……才”；after意为“在……之后”；since意为“自从”。根据语境可知，应选D。
答案： D
14．解析： 考查虚拟语气。本题是由if引导的虚拟条件句。根据条件状语从句中谓语动词使用过去完成时可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以主句的谓语动词应用“would have done”。
答案： D
15．解析： 考查动词时态。句意为：你现在比我原想的要年轻。expect这一动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。
答案： C
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读 有时候，接受就是一种给予。动物如此，人类更应该如此。
1．解析： 根据妈妈是技艺精湛的女裁缝和下文“my most fashionable dresses”可知，我“穿得好”。
答案： C
2．解析： 根据上文的“the joy of giving”可知我“赠送(give away)”衣服给别人。give in屈服，让步，give up放弃，give off发出，放出(气味、热、光等)，均不符合语境。
答案： C
3．解析： 小女孩的父母残疾，和我比当然少了些“幸运”。
答案： B
4．解析： 在真诚地感谢我之后，小女孩把她唯一的参加聚会的衣服送给了我，我很不解，甚至想拒绝她。根据下文“the gift she offered me”也可得出答案。offer提供，自愿给，符合语境。
答案： A
5．解析： 参见上题解析可知，应选refuse拒绝。
答案： D
6．解析： 妈妈感谢了那个女孩，并告诉她我要是穿上这件衣服会多么高兴。分析这句话可知，此处含有将来的意味，故应用不定式。
答案： C
7．解析： 本文的主旨就是给予与接受，前边是我给予，分析语境可知，这里应是我给她的最好的礼物就是接受她的礼物。
答案： C
8．解析： 宠物兔要死了，我却无能为力，所以只能“无助地”站在旁边。
答案： A
9．解析： 突然，她(Ashley)注意到朋友肩膀上的划痕，故用noticed。
答案： B
10．解析： 根据本段第一句话可知，Ashley快死了，故应是拼尽最后的力气。energy力量，精力，符合语境。force力，力量，通常指的是外力；attention注意力；courage勇气，胆量。
答案： B
11．解析： 从本段最后一句中的“gentle cleaning”可得出答案。
答案： D
12．解析： 比她几个星期积攒的力量还多，故选A，表示“聚集”。increase增加，follow跟随，adore爱慕，均不符合语境。
答案： A
13．解析： 分析本段语境可知，Ashley那么做是为了让她受伤的朋友感觉舒服点儿。
答案： C
14．解析： 根据本段最后一句话中的“accept”可知，这里应用receive。
答案： B
15．解析： Lillian只是安静地坐在那儿接受Ashley的关心和温柔的清理，故用concern关爱，关怀。
答案： B
16．解析： 从那以后，我又看见了几次类似的现象，since then此后，符合语境。
答案： B
17．解析： 前边是wounded rabbits，故应用themselves代指。
答案： A
18．解析： 看到动物这样的行为——知道什么时候给予，什么时候接受，我非常“吃惊”。
答案： D
19．解析： 参见上题解析。and前的when也是提示，故答案为A。
答案： A
20．解析： 我们人类也应该“学会”这一点：有时接受就是一种给予。
答案： D
Ⅲ.阅读理解
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。你想不想在网上购买衣服时能通过触摸电脑屏幕摸到衣服的面料？IT行业专业人士告诉你，在未来的五年里，这种想法会变成现实。
1．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章首句以及第三段第一句“Extending our sense of touch is one of five innovations (创新) that IBM believes will change the world in the next five years”可知，本题选C。
答案： C
2．解析： 推理判断题。
根据第四段最后一句可知，下文提到孩子啼哭的目的，是为了说明这种分析声音的系统的功效。
答案： C
3．解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第四段最后一句可知，C项表述正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，D项表述正确。根据倒数第三段的意思可知，这种智能触摸系统不是防止人生病，而是能分析人的病情。
答案： A
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“preparing them to play a role in future innovations”可知，Maloof是希望电脑技术的发展能吸引更多的学生投身于科研发明中去。
答案： D
5．解析： 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章具体说明了未来的IT技术会从触觉、视觉、味觉、嗅觉等不同方面拓展人们的感觉。
答案： B