必修 1My First Day at Senior High
重点句型1. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.
我住在石家庄,是离北京不远的一个城市。
2. We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.
我们用的是一本新教材,沈老师的教学方法完全不同于我初中老师的教学方法。
3. In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.
也就是说,女生人数是男生的3倍。
4. — I'm fine. I've just been to my first language class.
— 我很好。我刚刚上了我的第一堂语言课。
— Oh really? So have I. Which language are you studying?
— 哦，是吗？我也是。你在学什么语言？
5. The school year is divided into two semesters, the first of which is September through December, and the second January through May.
一学年有两个学期,第一学期从九月到十二月,第二学期从一月到五月。
1. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen.
每间教室都有一个和电影院屏幕差不多大小的特殊屏幕。
as…as…表示“和……一样……”。
My book is as interesting as yours.
我的书和你的书一样有趣。
He can run as fast as I can.
他能跑得和我一样快。
其否定形式为not as/so…as,意为“与……不一样/不如……”。
The teacher doesn’t jump as / so high as I.
那位老师跳得不如我高。
句型探究
“as…as”结构虽有比较之意,但是,在表示同一个人或物时,就没有比较之意了,译为“不但……而且……,又……又……”。
Joan is as diligent as (she is) beautiful.
琼不但勤奋而且美丽。
2. We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.
我们用的是一本新教材,沈老师的教学方法完全不同于我初中老师的教学方法。
(1) nothing like
①完全不像，根本不像
It looks nothing like a horse.
它看上去根本不像一匹马。
句型探究
②完全不；根本没有
I had nothing like enough time to answer all the questions.
我根本来不及回答所有的问题。
(2)在这个句子中,that 指代method of teaching。代词that可用来代替前面提到的事物(单数名词或者不可数名词),以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is not as good as that in Dalian.
北京的天气不如大连的天气好。
The sweater he wears today is different from that he wore yesterday.
他今天穿的羊毛衫和昨天的不同。
注意：如果前面提到的是复数名词,后面就用those来代替。
The books on that desk are better than those on this desk.
那个桌子上的书比这个桌子上的书要好。
3. In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.
也就是说，女生人数是男生的三倍。
表示A是B的几倍时，常用以下句式：
(1)A is x times as＋形容词(或副词)原级＋as B
There is x times as many＋可数名词复数＋as B
There is x times as much＋不可数名词＋as B
(2)A is x times＋形容词(或副词)比较级＋than B
(3)A is x times＋the size / height / length / width＋of B
4. Oh really? So have I. Which language are you studying?
哦,是吗？我也是。你在学什么语言？
“so +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表示“(另一事物)也……”
He is sixteen, so am I.
他16了,我也是。
Tom likes playing football, so do I.
汤姆喜欢踢足球,我也是。
(1)表示否定意义时用“neither/nor +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”,意为“(另一事物)也不……”。
He doesn’t like math, neither do I.
他不喜欢数学,我也不喜欢(数学)。
I don’t know about it, nor/neither do I care.
我不知道这件事,也不关心。
(2)“so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词”表示对之前或对方所说的情况表示赞同或证实,意为“(同意一个人或事物)确实……”
— Mary is good at music.
——玛丽音乐很好。
— So she is.
——是的,的确很好。
— They have moved away.
——他们已搬走了。
— So they have.
——是的,他们已搬走了。
注意：助动词及其时态的选择要根据前句确定。
He has finished his homework, so has Mary.(so have the other students.)
他已经完成了他的家庭作业,玛丽也完成了。(其他学生也完成了。)
The teacher will go to America, so will the students.
老师要去美国,学生们也要去。
（3）So it is / was with me. 我也如此。用于前面句子中并列谓语不同或肯、否定形式不同时。
5. The school year is divided into two semesters, the first of which is September through December, and the second January through May.
一学年有两个学期,第一学期从九月到十二月,第二学期从一月到五月。
本句中含有一个“介词+关系代词”构成的非限制性定语从句。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,关系代词只能用which、whom，不能用that,也不能省略。
We live in a house, in front of which is a small river.
我们住在前面有一条小河的房子里。
My New Teachers 必修 1重点句型1. It doesn’t matter if a teacher is not organised.
如果老师不善于组织也没多大关系。
2. She’s very strict — we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.
她非常严厉——如果她不要求，我们连一句话也不敢说。
3. Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
物理永远不会成为我最喜欢的学科,但我认为由陈老师教我,今后考试我一定会考得不错。
4. I think this is because he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature — he loves it, in fact！
我想这是因为他确实喜欢教中国文学——事实上,他热爱中国文学！
5. He’s about 28, I think, and is rather good–looking.
我想他大约28岁,长得相当英俊。
6. It is interesting to look at differences between schools in different countries.
了解各国学校之间的差别是很有意思的。句型探究
1. It doesn’t matter if a teacher is not organised.
如果老师不善于组织也没多大关系。
It doesn’t matter (to sb.) +从句 ……(对某人来说)没关系,不要紧
It matters a lot / a great deal +从句……非常重要
It doesn’t matter. (口语) 没关系。
no matter who / why / what…无论谁/为什么/什么……
as a matter of fact 实际上,事实上
What’s the matter? (口语) 怎么了？有什么麻烦？
I don’t care what it looks — what matters is that it works well.
我不在乎它好看不好看——要紧的是它要好用。
It matters a lot to her what other people think of her.
其他人怎么看她对她来说极为重要。
As a matter of fact (Matter of fact), I’ve brought it along with me.
事实上,我一直带着它。
2. Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
物理永远不会成为我最喜欢的学科,但我认为由陈老师教我,今后考试我一定会考得不错。
that 引导宾语从句。with Mrs Chen teaching me为with的复合结构作状语。
with复合结构的构成形式：with+宾语(名词或代词)+宾语补足语(现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语),在句中作状语。
①with +宾语+形容词(或副词)
Don’t sleep with the door and windows open.
不要开着门窗睡觉。
Tian’anmen Square looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着, 天安门广场显得更加漂亮。
②with +宾语+v. –ing形式(表主动或进行)
With the boy leading the way, we had no trouble in getting to the station.
由这个男孩带路,我们很容易就到达了火车站。
Cubist artists painted objects and people, with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time.(必修2Module 4)
在描绘物体或人的时候, 立体派画家会同时展现对象的多个不同侧面。
③with +宾语+过去分词(表过去或被动)
With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.
所有的工作都做完了,他们匆忙回家吃午饭。
④with +宾语+不定式(表将来)
With a lot of work to do, we have to be busy working day and night.
有这么多的工作要做,我们只得日夜忙碌。
⑤with +宾语+介词短语
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
老师手中拿着一本书走进教室。
with的复合宾语在句中除可以用作状语表示方式或伴随动作,还可以用作定语。
The problem with this system is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private health insurance.(必修2Module 1)
这种制度所存在的问题是穷人没有钱缴纳个人健康保险。
The teacher with a book in his hand is a new English teacher.
手里拿着一本书的那位老师是一位新来的英语老师。
3. I think this is because he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature — he loves it, in fact！
我想这是因为他确实喜欢教中国文学——事实上,他热爱中国文学！
句中because为连词,连接一个表原因的表语从句,意为“这是因为……”；
而当reason作主语时,其表语从句一般只用that引导,不用because。
①“It / This / That+系动词+because从句”意为“这/那是因为……”
He is not here. It is because he is ill.
他没有来是因为他病了。
②“It /This / That+系动词+ why从句”意为“这/那就是……的原因”。
He is ill. This is why he is not here.
他病了，这就是他没有来这的原因。
③“The reason +系动词+that从句”意为“理由是……”
He is not here. The reason is that he is ill.
他没有来，理由是他病了。
4. He’s about 28,I think, and is rather good–looking.
我想他大约28岁,长得相当英俊。
I think为插入语。插入语可以插到一个语法结构已完整的句子里去,做一些附加的说明。后接从句要表达否定时,其否定形式应该前移到主句。作插入语可以是不定式短语、现在分词短语、介词短语、形容词、副词、从句等。
常见的插入语有：
I think
我认为
I believe
我相信
I guess
我认为
I suppose
我猜想
I’m afraid
我恐怕
as far as I know / remember
据我所知
you see
你晓得
do you know
你知道吗
do you think
你认为
what’s more
此外
that’s to say
也就是说
believe it or not
信不信由你
what’s worse
使事情更糟糕的是
generally speaking
一般来说
frankly speaking
坦白地说
to tell you the truth
说真的;老实说
to be honest
说实在的
to make matters worse
更糟糕的是
I don’t think you are right.
我认为你不对。
I don’t suppose I shall be back until 8 o’clock.
我想8点以前我回不来。
I must say, I love that picture of the six horses.
我必须说,我爱有六匹马的那幅画。
By the way, where is Xiao Li？
顺便问一句,小李在哪儿？(介词短语)
Worse still, it began to rain heavily.
更糟糕的是,开始下大雨了。(副词)
I’d really rather not go, if you don’t mind.
我确实不想去,如果你不介意的话。(从句)
复杂疑问句/双重疑问句的组成：
疑问词+插入语(do you think / believe / guess)+主语+其他
Who do you think will win the game?
你认为谁会赢得这场比赛？
该句式需要注意：
①插入语为一般疑问句形式;
②插入语后面不再加引导词;
③插入语后接陈述语序。
你认为他在等谁？
Who do you think that he is waiting for?
(×)
Who do you think is he waiting for?
(×)
Who do you think he is waiting for?
(√)
My First Ride on a Train
必修 1
重点句型
1. When you read, the most important thing to do is to understand the main ideas.
你在阅读时,最重要的就是理解大意。
2. And what a ride!
多棒的旅程呀！
3. We ate great meals cooked by experts!
我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！
4. Suddenly, it looked like a place from another time.
突然间,像是到了另一个时代的某个地方。
5. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30–kilometre journey in eight minutes.
火车以每小时400公里的时速前进,在8分钟内就完成了30公里的路程。句型探究1. When you read, the most important thing to do is to understand the main ideas.
你在阅读时,最重要的就是理解大意。
①本句是一个复合句,句中的to do是动词不定式作定语,to understand the main ideas作表语。其中不定式作定语是考查的一个重点。
句型探究
When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space.(必修2Module 5)
昨天上午9点杨利伟在中国西北部的酒泉起飞,中国成为世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。
At last he had a chance to go abroad.
他终于有了一个出国的机会。
句型探究
②动词不定式具有副词的功能，可以在句子中作状语，表示多种意义。
When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations.(必修2Module 5)
杨利伟降落后,温家宝总理给控制中心打电话表示祝贺。
I’ve written it down in order not to forget.
为了不至于忘记我把它记了下来。
2. We ate great meals cooked by experts!
我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！
cooked by experts是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰meals,与meals之间为动宾关系,相当于定语从句that/which were cooked by experts。
Have you finished reading the novel written (=which/that was written) by Lu Xun?
你看完了鲁迅先生写的那部小说了吗？
过去分词作定语时须注意：①单个的过去分词作定语时，置于被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于被修饰词之后。②过去分词作定语时，与其被修饰词之间有逻辑上的被动关系。如：boiled water 开水; a singer surrounded by a group of fans 被粉丝包围的歌手。
3. Would you mind showing me your ticket? / Would you mind if I saw your ticket?
请出示一下你的票好吗？
①该句式用于委婉地提出请求，意为“请你……好吗？”“倘若……你不介意吧？”mind后接动名词形式；若是if引导的从句，从句中用过去时态；但do you mind后的if从句不用过去时态。
②回答would you mind…？或do you mind…？问句时，要注意问答句在意义上的一致性。
常见表示“不介意”的回答有：certainly not; of course not; not at all; no, go ahead等。
表示“介意”的回答有：I'm sorry, but I do; Yes, I do mind; I'm sorry, but you'd better not.
4. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30–kilometre journey in eight minutes.
火车以每小时400公里的时速前进,在8分钟内就完成了30公里的路程。
Travelling at a speed of…是现在分词短语作原因状语。现在分词短语用作状语时,与其逻辑主语(句子主语)之间为主动关系，可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随和结果等，相当于一个状语从句。
①表时间
Waiting for the bus, I met an old friend.
等车的时候,我碰见了一个老朋友。
②表原因
Being blind, how could they see an elephant?
因为是盲人,他们怎么能看得见大象呢？
③表条件
Using your head, you动动脑筋,你就会找到一个好办法。
④表伴随或方式
Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.(必修2Module 2)
现在我在一家戒毒中心工作,帮助别人戒毒。
⑤表示结果
On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.(必修3Module 3)
美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风，造成大
约80人死亡，1，500人受伤。
A Social Survey — My NeighbourhoodTrain
必修 1
1. Sixteen–year–old Zhang Hua lives in the south of China, in the city of Guangzhou.
16岁的张华居住在中国南方的城市广州。
2. It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.
你知道,自从我们上次见面以来已过去6年了。
3. And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.
而且这是我第一次到访你的家乡。
4. What’s the climate like?
气候怎么样？
5. So they tell me.
他们是这样告诉我的。
6. A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.
一位朋友曾告诉我这附近有一家不错的小海鲜餐馆。
1.Sixteen–year–old Zhang Hua lives in the south of China, in the city of Guangzhou.
16岁的张华居住在中国南方的城市广州。
此句是简单句,主语为Zhang Hua,lives是谓语动词,in引导的短语作地点状语。
(1) sixteen–year–old为复合形容词,用在名词前作前置定语。
复合形容词的结构是：数词+名词单数+形容词(long, wide, high, tall, deep, old)+被修饰的名词。
这种结构需要注意两点：
①中间的名词用单数
an eight–year–old boy
一个八岁的男孩
②只作定语,不作表语
He is eight–year–old.
(×)
(2) in the south of China“在中国的南部”,其中的of表示所属关系; in the city of Guangzhou“在广州市”,其中的of表示同位关系。
注意：表示“东、西、南、北”方的名词前用in。
in the east / west / north 在东/西/北方
表方位的两种方法
He lives in the east of the city.
=He lives east of the city.
他住在城东。
2. It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.
你知道,自从我们上次见面以来已过去6年了。
It is / has been+一段时间+since +过去式表示“自从……至今已经多久了”。since“自从……以来”,表示事情持续的起点。
①以过去的时间点为起点,持续到现在,用现在完成时;
②从比过去更早的时间持续到过去,用过去完成时;
③从过去持续到将来,用将来完成时。
It’s three years since he left for Australia.
=Three years have passed since he left for Australia.
自从他去澳大利亚以来已三年了。
句型探究
It be+时间+conj.句型
①It is / has been+时间段+since+一般过去时(从句中的动作是非延续性的)，意为“自从……至今已经多久了”。
It is (has been) ten years since I joined the army.
我参军已经10年了。
②It is / has been+时间段+since+一般过去时(从句中的动作是延续性的)，意为“不做……至今已经多久了”。
It is ten years since I smoked.
=It is ten years since I stopped smoking.
我戒烟10年了。
③It will(won时间段+before+一般现在时,意为“还要过……之后才……”。
It will be ten days before I return home.
要过10天我才能回家。
④It was+时间段+before+一般过去时,意为“过了……之后才……”。
It was ten years before he found his lost son.
过了10年他才找到了他失踪的儿子。
⑤It is / was +时间点+when+…,意为“做某事是在某个具体的时间” 。
It was noon when the accident happened.
事故发生时已是正午。
3. What’s the climate like?
气候怎么样？
What is…like?意为“……怎么样？”这种句型主要用来问人或事物的特征。
What is the weather like in Taiyuan?
太原的天气怎么样？
询问某人或某事的状况、特点还可以使用下列句型:
What be +主语+like?
=How be +主语？
What do you think of…？
=How do you like / find…
What do/does+主语+look like?
某人长相怎么样？
What’s your English teacher like?
你的英语老师人怎么样(或长得怎么样)？
How do you like the dish?
这菜怎么样？A Lesson in a Lab
必修 1
1. It is hard to think of a world without metals.
很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
2. Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom.
下面表格中的金属反应最强的排在上面,反应最弱的排在下面。
重点句型
3. Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment. It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.
下面是对一个简单科学实验的描述,它向我们演示了铁是如何跟空气和水反应的。
4. Our chemistry teacher, Mr Longford, takes us to public science lectures about four times a term, and these are always very interesting, as the lecturers are people who have made real discoveries in their area of science.
我们的化学老师朗福德先生大约每学期带我们去听四次大众科学讲座,讲座总是非常有趣,因为作讲座的人都是在各自的科研领域里有真正发现的人。
Our chemistry teacher, Mr Longford, takes us to public science lectures about four times a term, and these are always very interesting, as the lecturers are people who have made real discoveries in their area of science.
我们的化学老师朗福德先生大约每学期带我们去听四次大众科学讲座,讲座总是非常有趣,因为作讲座的人都是在各自的科研领域里有真正发现的人。
本句是由and连接的并列句,后一个分句中含有由as引导的原因状语从句。原因状语从句中又含有who引导的非限制性定语从句,people为定语从句的先行词。
(1) as conj.
①“因为”，引导原因状语从句,表示“双方已知的原因”,语气比since弱,较为正式。
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.
既然在下雨,你最好乘出租车。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.
我睡得早,因为我筋疲力尽了。
②“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,表示“一边……,一边……”、“随着……”。
“No, I won’t. I’ll be fine,” said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door.(必修2Module 1)
“不,我不会感冒的。我会很好的。”周凯一边开门一边说。
As time went on / by, she became more and more worried.
随着时间的流逝,她变得越来越焦虑。
③引导让步状语从句，此时句子用倒装语序。
Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.
虽然他很富有,但他从不花一分钱在衣服上。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是个孩子,但懂很多事情。
④引导方式状语从句,意为“如,像；按照……的方式”。
I want you to tell my friend your very interesting experience exactly as you have told it to me.
我想让你像给我讲述的那样,给我的朋友讲一讲你那段极其有趣的经历。
Remember, you must do everything as I do.
记住,你必须按照我做的那样做。
⑤引导比较状语从句,用于“as…as…或not so / as…as…”中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,意为“如/不如……一样”。
I don’t speak English so / as well as he does.
我英语讲得不如他好。
(2) who have made real discoveries in their area of science为定语从句,who在定语从句中作主语,指代people,并且who不可用that代替。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money.
借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？(定语从句修饰先行词the man)
注意：who引导的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复,定语从句的引导词不能用who而要用that。
Who is the student that won the gold medal?
那个获金牌的学生是谁？
The Internet and Telecommunications
必修 1
重点句型
1. It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.
然后大学利用这种系统也变得可能。
2. At the moment,about 80 percent of web traffic is in English,but this percentage is going down.
目前,大约有80%的网络用英语,但这个百分比正在下降。
3. Berners–Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television!
读大学时,贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑。
4. Berners–Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army.
贝尔纳斯·李使所有人，不仅是大学和军队，使用“因特网”成为可能。
5. It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.
如果我们花费这些时间在电脑上,那就更好了。
6. Text messages are much cheaper than talking on a mobile phone, and you can make it even cheaper by shortening the words that you use.
发短信比打电话便宜得多,并且你还可以通过简化用词使之更便宜。
句型探究
1. At the moment,about 80 percent of web traffic is in English,but this percentage is going down.
目前,大约有80%的网络用英语,但这个百分比正在下降。
百分数的表达法：百分数由“基数词＋percent (per cent) 构成”。如：53%读作fifty–three percent, percent不能用复数形式。若百分数用作主语,其谓语动词单复数要依其后的名词来决定。
About sixty percent of the apple is bad.
这个苹果约60%坏了。
About sixty percent of apples are bad.
这些苹果中约60%坏了。
I think it’s ninety percent probable.
我想有90%的可能。
句型探究
2. Text messages are much cheaper than talking on a mobile phone, and you can make it even cheaper by shortening the words that you use.
发短信比打电话便宜得多,并且你还可以通过简化用词使之更便宜。
该句是并列复合句。在第二个并列句中,that you use是定语从句,修饰the words。make it even cheaper使它更便宜,使用了“make+宾语+宾补”结构。
We will make our country more beautiful.
我们将使我们的祖国变得更漂亮。
“make+宾语+宾语补足语”,其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。
①“make＋宾语+n.” 意为“使、让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。
We made him captain of our football team.
我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
We made him our monitor.
我们选他当班长。
②“make＋宾语+adj.” 意为 “使某人 / 某事(变得)……”。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.
我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
We must make the rivers clean.
我们必须净化河水。
注意：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语。
I made it a condition that everybody must be on time.
我提出一个条件, 人人都要准时。
Berners–Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army.
贝尔纳斯·李使所有人使用“因特网”成为可能，而不仅是在大学和军队。
③“make+宾语+do sth.(不带to的不定式)”意为 “使某人做某事”。
What makes the grass grow?
什么东西使得草生长？
Our teacher makes us feel more confident.
老师使得我们感到更自信了。
注意：在被动语态中,此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.
这个男孩被迫每天干12个小时的活。
Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk.
我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋,喝一些牛奶。
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