考点规范练20(选修7 Unit 20)
.阅读理解
A
(2016云南昆明三中第三次综合测试)
Mars(火星) appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water,at least in the summer,scientists reported Monday.“It suggests that it would be possible for there to be life today on Mars,” NASA’s science mission chief,John Grunsfeld,said at a news conference on September 28,2015.
The streams are about 12 to 15 feet wide and 300 feet or more long,scientists said.“What we’re dealing with is wet soil,thin layers of wet soil,not standing water,” said Alfred McEwen of the University of Arizona at Tucson,the principal scientist for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s high-resolution imaging experiment.
Because liquid water is essential to life,the findings could have major implications for the possibility of Martian life.The researchers said further exploration is needed to determine whether microscopic life exists on the planet.
The presence of liquid water could also make life easier for astronauts visiting or living on Mars.Water could be used for drinking and for creating oxygen and rocket fuel.NASA’s goal is to send humans there in the 2030s.
The evidence of flowing water consists largely of dark,narrow streaks (条痕) on the surface that tend to appear and grow during the warmest Martian months and fade the rest of the year.
Mars is extremely cold even in summer,and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit.But salt can lower the freezing point of water and melt ice.
The source (源头) of the water is a mystery.Scientists noted it could be melting ice.It could be an underground aquifer,which is rock or sand that can hold water.It is possibly water vapor from the thin Martian atmosphere,or it may be a combination.Michael Meyer,lead scientist for NASA’s Mars exploration program,said the only definitive way for now to determine whether there’s life on Mars is to collect rocks and soil for analysis on Earth—something a U.S.lander set for lift-off in 2020 will do.
1.What would be the best title for the text?
A.Streams of Water Spotted on Mars
B.Astronauts Will Land on Mars
C.NASA’s Mars Exploration Program
D.A Breakthrough in the Exploration of Mars
2.According to John Grunsfeld,there seems to be on Mars.
A.salty waterB.standing water
C.rocket fuel D.human beings
3.Scientists are uncertain about the of the water on Mars.
A.state B.source
C.temperature D.taste
4.What matters to the existence of liquid water on Mars?
A.The distance from the sun.
B.The favorable climate.
C.The gravity of the earth.
D.The salt in it.
B
(2016山东19所名校调研)
Wikipedia is a free-access,free content Internet encyclopedia(百科全书),supported and hosted by the non-profit Wikipedia Foundation.Wikipedia is ranked among the ten most popular websites and is considered the Internet’s largest and most popular general reference book.Now,Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia as scientists hope the informative website will help us reach out to intelligent life forms.So aliens can learn about the human race.
Astronomers would like to beam (播送) the entire contents of Wikipedia into space in the hope of contacting aliens.They want to send messages to hundreds of star systems and planets 20 light years away using radio telescopes.The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute,in California,wants to use powerful radio telescopes to try to reach Chewbacca and his mates in a galaxy(银河系)far away.
The plans will be discussed by astronomers at the weekend as some scientists fear the reply from ET might not turn out to be friendly.Institute scientist David Black said,“One question is if there are dangerous creatures we might be drawing their attention to ourselves.Another is if we go ahead,what message should be sent?There could be many civilizations out there,but if they are all listening and no one is broadcasting or responding,then nothing will happen.”
Professor Stephen Hawking,who has warned that intelligent aliens probably exist and we should keep a safe distance from them,is among those.“If aliens visit us,the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America which didn’t turn out well for the Native Americans,” he said.
Signals from Earth’s radio and TV broadcasts have been heading out in space for some 60 years reaching around 5,000 stars.
5.Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia because .
A.we human beings intend to help and save aliens
B.scientists wish to explore other planets similar to the earth
C.astronomers hope to get in touch with aliens
D.aliens might fight against the human race
6.What does the underlined word “those” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A.Aliens from space.
B.Astronomers sending signals.
C.Scientists for the plans.
D.Scientists against the plans.
7.What has Prof.Stephen Hawking warned?
A.Intelligent aliens would probably land in America.
B.The plans will be in vain and nothing will happen.
C.None of the civilizations would reply.
D.Aliens would bring disasters to the human race.
8.Which can be the best title?
A.Wikipedia,the most popular website
B.Wikipedia to be beamed into space
C.Wikipedia,aliens’ best friend
D.Wikipedia to result in a disaster
Ⅱ.七选五
Mummy mystery
Something strange has been happening at the University of Tarapaca’s archeological museum in Chile.Over the past several years,the famous Chinchorro mummies have been rotting at an alarming rate.
1 “We wanted to answer two questions,” scientist Ralph Mitchell said.“What was causing it and what could we do to prevent further degradation (降解)?”
After months of testing mummy skin in the lab,Mitchell and his team believe they have solved the mystery.They say that extra humidity (湿气) is to blame.The wetter weather allows tiny living things called microbes to grow. 2
In the lab,the scientists exposed pig skin and then mummy skin to very humid air.After 21 days in the extra humid environment,both the pig skin and the mummy skin began to break down.Mitchell explained,“ 3 ”
So,what do humid conditions in a lab have to do with the mummies’ home in the museum?The mummies are from a group of people called the Chinchorro,who lived along the coastal region between modern-day Peru and Chile,close to the Atacama Desert.The Atacama Desert is one of the driest places on Earth. 4
But experts say the area,which is also where the museum is located,has recently become extra humid due to climate change.In order to prevent the mummies from continuing to rot,Mitchell’s team says the humidity in the museum must be kept between 40 and 60 percent.
With this mummy mystery solved,Mitchell can lend his experience to other problems. 5 “Is climate change making important objects easier to be harmed?The answer is yes,” he says.
A.The water activates the microbes.
B.People began mummifying their dead.
C.And microbes are eating away at the mummies.
D.Chinchorro mummies are buried just beneath the sand.
E.He says climate change can cause harm to other ancient objects.
F.The dry air has helped to preserve the mummies for thousands of years.
G.Two years ago,scientists began studying the mummies to figure out what was going on.
Ⅲ.短文改错
I had an American friend and he tells me that American high school students may play on school sports teams.Most high schools have football,basketball and track teams.Some schools might also have swim teams,gymnastics teams and tennis teams.Good players can join university teams when they graduate high schools.Some of us will become professional and even popularly sports stars.That means they will have a career on sports and will get the money when they play.The best players may join the US Olympic team and competing in the Olympic Games for the honor of their countries.
##
考点规范练20
A
.1.A 主旨判断题。通读全文可知,文章重点介绍了在火星上发现河流。
2.A 细节判断题。根据文章第一句话可知,John Grunsfeld认为火星上可能存在咸水。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第七段的说明可知,火星上水的源头还是个谜。
4.B 推理判断题。根据第五、六两段内容,火星上的天气有利于水的存在。
B
5.C 细节推断题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段的第一句可知答案。
6.D 代词指代题。根据第三、四段说明可知,有些科学家害怕来自于外星人的回复可能不那么友好,因而表示了对这个计划的不赞同,此段说明霍金教授也在其中,故those指的是反对这个计划的科学家们。
7.D 细节推断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Professor Stephen Hawking所说的话可知,他警告说:如果外星人访问我们,后果也不好,也会像哥伦布到达美洲时对土著美洲人那样给他们带来灾难。故此可知答案。
8.B 文章标题题。选B项能概括全文,其中含主旨关键词:播送、太空。
.1~5 GCAFE
Ⅲ.I
an American friend and he tells me
American high school students may play on school sports teams.Most high schools have football,basketball and track teams.Some schools might also have
teams,gymnastics teams and tennis teams.Good players can join university teams when they graduate
high schools.Some of
will become professional and even
sports stars.That means they will have a career
sports and will get
the
money when they play.The best players may join the US Olympic team and competing
in the Olympic Games for the honor of their countries.