Unit 10
Money
课时练(一) 一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)
.单词拼写
1．The young man felt down as he was defeated (打败) in the match.
2．I shall be pleased (高兴的) if you will help me with my work.
3．If the ink sinks in, it'll be hard to remove (除去) the spot from the cloth.
4．Jane helped people understand how much chimps behaved (表现) like humans.
5．If it does work, what an incredible advance (进步) it would be.
6．She speaks Japanese much more fluently (流利地) now than she did last term.
7．Don't interfere in what doesn't concern (关系到) you.
8．I answered him in a comment (评论), but I think it's worth mentioning to all of our readers.
9．Not satisfied with the judgement, the victims' parents of the murder have appealed (上诉) to the supreme court.
10．You are unique. Nothing can replace (取代，代替) you.
11．Unskilled workers usually earn (挣得) less money than skilled workers.
12．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real bargain (便宜货)．
.单句语法填空
1．The children will not be allowed to go to the supermarket if they don't behave themselves (they)．
2．The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to be_informed (inform) that the film stars had left.
3．If asked (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
4．Determined/Determining (determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.
5．Concerned (concern) about his son, the father called his teacher to find out why he didn't come home on time.
6．The poem A Red, Red Rose written by Robert Burns is popular with the Chinese young people, because the poem is easy to_understand (understand)．
7．At the graduation ceremony, our headmaster required us to raise our competitive awareness (aware) in modern society.
8．The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.
9．Organizers appealed to the crowd not to panic.
10．We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice.
11．Teenagers who drop out of high school have trouble finding jobs.
12．It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.
13．The man was sentenced to prison for five years because he had given away some national military secrets to the enemy.
14．The agreement was made quickly as both sides were satisfied with the conditions of the other.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Be sure to drop in at me when you can spare a moment.at→on
2．My mother opened the drawer to put off the knives and spoons.off→away
3．When completing, the museum will be open to the public next year.completing→completed_
4．The professor gave order that the test finished before 7：30.finished前加be
5．The coat is real bargain at such a low price.real前加a
6．You'd better book the ticket in advance ahead.去掉ahead
7．She was ashamed for what she had done before.for→of
8．From his determining look, we knew he was sure of winning the game.determining→determined
9．—Would you like tea or coffee?
—Either, thank you. I've just had some water.Either→Neither_
10．The heavily polluted river near the chemical factory gives away a terrible smell.away→off
Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空
A lot of people, who spend half their time thinking (think) about the ways to become rich, are determined ②to_become (become) a millionaire. In fact, even if some of them get rich, they are not content ③with their life at all. ④However,_Charles Gray isn't such a person. Charles, who used to be a college professor with a huge sixbedroom house, lives in a small dormitory room ⑤where there is only old furniture. He felt happy to give ⑥up the lifestyle of a rich man, getting clothes or other things from charity shops. A few years ago, Charles became aware ⑦that there were a lot of people who were lacking in food, so he donated all his money ⑧to charities. ⑨In Charles's opinion, most people never make much money; ⑩having (have) only a little money makes one free and happier.
Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Have you ever dreamed of becoming a businessman to make lots of money? If your dream came true, would you like to donate your money to those who are_out_of_work (失业)? Tom was such a person. His father died when he was young. Many people helped him, otherwise he would_have_dropped_out_of_school (会退学). After years of hard work, he had approximately 2 million. The other day he determined_to_drop_out_of_the_rich (决定退出富人的圈子). When he was_aware_that (意识到) he was_always_concerned_about_his_fortune (总是为自己的财富担心), he felt ashamed of his greed. ①Once he was interviewed by the journalist, Tom said he was tired of that kind of life for fame and fortune. Besides (Therefore/However/Besides), he thought that freedom and happiness were of great importance and nothing could replace them. He called on more people to help those in need.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分
(1)make→earn
(3)donate→give_away_
(3)called on→appealed_to_
2．用省略句改写句①
Once_interviewed_by_the_journalist,_Tom_said_that_he_was_tired_of_that_kind_of_life_for_fame_and_fortune.
二、完形填空提练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)
(2016·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性考试)Many people argue that working can be a valuable experience for the young. However, working more than about 15 hours a week is __1__ for teens because it reduces their involvement with school, and __2__ a materialistic and expensive lifestyle.
Schoolwork and the benefits of extracurricular activities tend to be __3__ when teens work long hours. As more and more teens have filled the many parttime jobs, teachers have faced increasing __4__. They must both keep the attention of __5__ pupils and give homework to students who simply don't have time to do it. __6__， educators have noticed less involvement in the extracurricular activities that many consider a __7__ influence on young people. School bands and athletic teams are __8__ players, and sports events are __9__ attended by working students. Those teens who try to do it all may find themselves __10__.
Another __11__ of too much work is that it may promote materialism and an unrealistic lifestyle. Some parents say that working helps teach teens the __12__ of a dollar. __13__ that can be true. It's also true that some teens work to help their family or to save for college. __14__， surveys have shown that a lot of working teens use their earnings to buy luxuries (奢侈品). These young people won't worry about spending __15__ — they can just about have it all. In many cases, they are getting used to a lifestyle they won't be able to __16__ several years down the road, when they no longer have parents __17__ car insurance, food, and so on. At that point, they won't have enough money to pay for necessities as well as luxuries.
Teenagers can __18__ the benefits of work while avoiding its drawbacks, simply by __19__ their work hours during the school year. As is often the case, a moderate (适度的) approach will be the most healthy and __20__ .
1．A.badB．dull
C．important
D．useful
解析：选A 根据下文的“because it reduces their involvement with school”可知，打零工占用的时间过多对青少年“不利(bad)”。
2．A.witnesses
B．requires
C．changes
D．encourages
解析：选D 根据第三段中的“it may promote materialism and an unrealistic lifestyle”可知，此处指“助长(encourages)”一种过于物质的、奢侈的生活方式。
3．A.adopted
B．forgotten
C．disbelieved
D．considered
解析：选B 根据下文的“educators have noticed less involvement in the extracurricular activities”可知，青少年打零工时间过长会使得他们“忽略(forgotten)”学业和课外活动。
4．A.demands
B．threats
C．difficulties
D．expectations
解析：选C 根据下文的“They must both ... have time to do it.”可知，老师因此也得面对越来越多的“困难(difficulties)”。
5．A.tired
B．naughty
C．lazy
D．weak
解析：选A 根据上文的“As more and more teens have filled the many parttime jobs”可知，因为学生兼职要浪费很多精力，所以上课时就会很“累(tired)”。
6．A.Above all
B．In addition
C．By contrast
D．For example
解析：选B 第二段开头提到“Schoolwork”和“extracurricular activities”，前半段谈了schoolwork，故此处是在说另一方面。“此外(In addition)”符合语境。
7．A.healthy
B．direct
C．short
D．bad
解析：选A 根据本段开头的“the benefits”可知，很多人都认为课外活动对学生“有益(healthy)”。
8．A.welcoming
B．needing
C．losing
D．training
解析：选C 参见下题解析。
9．A.normally
B．regularly
C．actively
D．poorly
解析：选D 因为很多学生打零工占用了他们太多时间，所以学校的乐队、运动队的学生都在“流失(losing)”，打零工的学生参加体育比赛的人也“不多(poorly)”。
10．A.exhausted
B．energetic
C．disappointed
D．worried
解析：选A 根据上文的“try to do it all”及上文语境可判断，想要打工、学习、参加活动都不误，当然会感到“疲惫(exhausted)”。
11．A.side
B．benefit
C．drawback
D．character
解析：选C 本文介绍的是学生打零工的两个弊端，此段是另外一个“弊端(drawback)”。
12．A.size
B．cost
C．value
D．effect
解析：选C 打零工可以帮助学生了解金钱的“价值(value)”。
13．A.Unfortunately
B．Undoubtedly
C．Unusually
D．Unnecessarily
解析：选B 根据下文的“It's also true”可知，此处是说上面提到的“毫无疑问(Undoubtedly)”是打零工的一个好处。
14．A.However
B．Besides
C．Instead
D．Therefore
解析：选A 根据下文的“a lot of working teens use their earnings to buy luxuries (奢侈品)”可知，学生打零工可以帮他们了解金钱的价值、贴补家用、为上大学攒钱，“但是(However)”，这也导致学生追求奢侈的生活方式。
15．A.freely
B．willingly
C．wisely
D．honestly
解析：选C 根据下文的“they can just about have it all”可知，因为他们差不多什么都有，这些学生从不考虑“理智(wisely)”消费。
16．A.afford
B．imagine
C．face
D．develop
解析：选A 参见下题解析。
17．A.looking for
B．caring for
C．working for
D．paying for
解析：选D 根据下文的“they won't have enough money to pay for necessities as well as luxuries”可知，等到以后父母不帮他们“付(paying for)”车险、食物等费用后，他们自己根本就“负担(afford)”不起各种开支了。
18．A.enjoy
B．learn
C．share
D．remember
解析：选A 根据下文的“while avoiding its drawbacks”可知，此处指青少年只要规避打零工的缺点，就能“享受(enjoy)”打零工所带来的好处。
19．A.ignoring
B．limiting
C．counting
D．choosing
解析：选B 根据上文第二段第一句中的“long hours”及下文的“a moderate (适度的) approach”可知，作者建议“限制(limiting)”打零工的时间。
20．A.practical
B．acceptable
C．rewarding
D．popular
解析：选C 根据该空前的“healthy”可知，此处是说适度才会“对人有益的(rewarding)”。
课时练(二) 阅读理解提速练(练速度)
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·石家庄市高三质检一)
Jackson Language School
Summer Opening and Closing Time
The Jackson Language School is open each day except Sunday. There is an English Corner also available from 6 pm－9 pm at the Bellevue Hall across from the school.
Class Size
Classes have a minimum of 10 students and a maximum of 16 students in one class. Classes are equipped with earphones and an electronically controlled listening.
Teachers
Teachers are all experienced and have a minimum of 2 years' experience and at least a certificate in teaching English as a second language. They are all available for tutoring if you need it.
Location
The school is located 15 minutes from central London at 34 Inverleith Row, next to the Marks and Spencer shopping centre. It is near a bus stop and only a 5minute walk from the tube.
Attendance
Students on student visas are expected to attend regularly. Students who are absent more than 60% of the time will be reported to the Student Office. Moreover, if students attend less than 80%, they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School. It is also required by the Student Office for a visa extension.
Home Stay
You are able to stay with a British family if you request so. Jackson has a home stay program that matches students with families according to their own requirements and needs. While generally no problems occur, students may move from a home stay household if he or she gives a 2week written notice to the home stay family school.
Language Policy
As the course is an immersion (沉浸式) program, students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school. If they speak any language other than English at the school, they may be asked to leave the school for a day.
1.If you attend more than 80% of your classes, ________.
A．you will be likely to get a certificate
B．you will not obtain a visa extension
C．you may be reported to the Student Office
D．you may not be able to get a certificate
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据Attendance部分中的“Moreover, if students attend less than 80% ...Jackson Language School.”可知，如果学生上课的时间少于总量的80%，就无法获得结业证书。由此可推断，如果学生上课的时间超过总量的80%，就可能会获得结业证书，故A项正确。
2．The students are expected to speak English ________.
A．part of the time while at the school
B．the entire time they are at the school
C．no matter when they want to
D．when they are in a home stay family
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school”可知，这个学校希望学生在学校的全部时间都说英语，故B项正确。
3．At Jackson Language School, ________.
A．you can't move out of a home stay family
B．you can't take part in an English Corner
C．you can turn to a teacher when you need to be tutored
D．you can study in a class less than 10 students
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Teachers部分中的“They are all available for tutoring if you need it.”可知，在这个学校，如果需要辅导的话，学生可以向这个学校的老师求助，故C项正确。
B
(2016·成都第三次诊断)As we discussed last week, there have been a lot of reports that boys are in trouble in American education. Some people say efforts to improve education for girls, especially in math and science, have resulted in a crisis for boys. That belief has led to what a new report calls a growth industry of experts advising how to make schools more “boy friendly”．
Yet that report, released this week, suggests that the truth is far different from what people might think. It says American boys in most cases are doing better than ever. “But girls have just improved their performance on some measures even faster，” it says. As a result, girls have narrowed or closed differences with boys in some areas and moved farther ahead of them in others.
The report does agree that some groups of boys are in trouble. It says this is true especially of blacks and those from poor families. But it says closing racial and economic differences would help them more than reducing differences between boys and girls.
Another concern is the large number of boys with learning and emotional disabilities. Also, the report says policymakers now recognize the need to reform public high schools, which should help boys as well as girls. But the report questions what it calls “simplistic” proposals to fix problems for boys in American school. One example given is expanding singlesex schooling. Findings on the success of the idea have differed.
The Education Sector report calls for more study into the differences between boys and girls and into the culture of schools. It says the research will help better understand why gains for boys are not rising as fast as for girls. But the report also advises the public not to worry too much, and to be careful not to harm the gains that girls have made.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了一份研究报告。报告分析了美国学校的男孩危机并探讨了解决方法。
4．We can read this report most probably in a ________.
A．magazine for boys
B．wellknown newspaper
C．school announcement
D．school advertisement
解析：选B 文章出处题。根据题后一段第一句可推知，这份研究报告来自于教育部。结合四个选项可知，这篇报告最有可能出现在一家著名的报纸上。故答案选B。
5．From Paragraph 1, we learn that in some people's opinion, ________.
A．efforts for American girls cause boys' trouble
B．American education does no good to boys
C．American schools are more “girl friendly”
D．American boys are not really in trouble
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，有人认为女孩教育的改善造成了男孩教育的危机。故答案选A。
6．We can infer from the report that ________.
A．boys should be responsible for their crisis
B．some groups of boys are actually in trouble
C．policymakers disagree to reform public high schools
D．it's probably not good simply to expand singlesex schools
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But the report questions ... singlesex schooling.”可知，这份报告质疑扩建男子(或女子)学校的做法。由此可推知，扩建男子(或女子)学校可能不是一个好办法。故答案选D。
7．The best title of the passage should be “________”．
A．A Report on a Boy Crisis in America
B．A New Study on American Education
C．Save American Boys in Trouble
D．Why Are Girls Far Better Than Boys?
解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一份研究报告。报告分析了美国学校的男孩危机并探讨了解决办法。A项概括了文章主旨，适合作文章标题。故答案选A。
C
(2016·山东省实验中学一模)I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means I'm not as safe as someone who passed on their first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all? Maybe not, and that's why automotive firms have included driverassist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.
Google is one producer that has prototype driverless cars. These cars have been newly equipped with autosteering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage — the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Google's selfdrive project, Chris Urmson, hopes his 11yearold son will never have to take a driving test. To achieve that, the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.
According to Chris, about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equivalent to a jet falling out of the sky every day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities, get rid of parking lots, we need selfdrive cars，” he says.
Google's prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also had to deal with unexpected situations, such as a child driving a toy car in the road, and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case, the car reacted safely.
Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme circumstances.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车尽管能够减少交通事故和交通堵塞，但是，它的安全性还有待验证。
8．According to Paragraph 1, what is the author's chief concern about driverless cars?
A．Functions.B．Safety.
C．Price.
D．Appearance.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“But would you feel ... in their driverless cars.”可知，作者主要关心的是无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选B。
9．Chris Urmson mentioned his 11yearold son in order to show that ________.
A．traditional cars are harmful for kids
B．his son is not good at driving
C．his son is a slow learner in driving
D．driverless cars will come soon
解析：选D 细节推断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句“... hopes his 11yearold son will never have to take a ... be on the roads in five years.”可知，Chris Urmson希望他11岁的儿子将来不用参加驾照考试。为了实现这个愿望，无人驾驶汽车须在5年之内上市，即在他的儿子16岁之前。由此可知，Chris Urmson提到他儿子是为了说明无人驾驶汽车很快就能被生产出来。故选D。
10．What is Chris Urmson's comment on selfdrive cars?
A．They can solve many existing problems.
B．They are safer than a jet plane.
C．They can completely change our cities.
D．They should change gradually.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段最后一句可知，无人驾驶汽车可以减少交通事故、交通堵塞和停车场拥挤等现存的问题。故选A。
11．What can we learn from the text?
A．Google's prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.
B．Selfdrive cars are not designed for children or women.
C．Concerns remain about the reliability of selfdrive cars.
D．Driving tests will be easier to pass in the near future.
解析：选C 细节推断题。根据最后一段可知，Sven Beiker认为在极端环境下，无人驾驶汽车还是需要人工来操作。由此可推知，有些人还是担心无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选C。
D
(2016·济南市高三调研)Post1990 graduates are likely to become a generation without property ownership due to more emphasis on personal value, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences published in a report on Wednesday.
Around 30 percent of the post90s graduates surveyed live in a property of below 20 square meters one year after graduation. Half of the surveyed said they are unwilling to degrade their living conditions by incurring housing debts.
The report, Society Blue Paper: China Social Situation Analysis and Prediction,
surveyed 4,110 students born after 1990 in 12 universities across the country. Of the interviewed, 2,730 of them are currently still students at school and
1,380 are graduates.
The survey reveals that in a year after graduation, more than 70 percent of graduates rent houses or live in dormitories provided by their employers. About 20 percent live at home of their parents or relatives and less than 5 percent live in the houses of their own.
“The report shows most post90s graduates have to purchase a house on their own，” said Tian Feng, deputy director of the research lab for teenagers and social problems affiliated (隶属的) to CASS. It is still a rigid (一成不变的) demand for the post90s to have their own houses. Only one third of respondents agree to lower their current living conditions to save money to purchase a house, and about 55 percent choose not to buy a house if the investment means a heavy debt burden.
More than half of the graduates believe that property investment is the best way to maintain the value of money for the time being. However, if the graduates had a sum of money for a down payment on a home, most said they would rather use the money on entrepreneurship (创业) or other business endeavors which they say provide a sense of achievement.
Tian said that on the one hand, the post1990 generation recognize traditional Chinese values which regard property as a necessity to build a family but on the other hand, they prefer a highquality and freestyle life instead of living under the economic restrictions imposed by heavy house loans.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。调查发现90后在家庭财产方面更注重个人价值的实现而不愿沦为房奴。
12．Which of the following is NOT about post1990 graduates' property ownership?
A．They put more stress on personal value.
B．They are unwilling to lower their current living conditions.
C．They want to invest on other things providing a sense of achievement.
D．They needn't purchase a house on their own.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“due to more emphasis on personal value”可知，A项表述正确；根据第二段中的“Half of the surveyed said they are unwilling to degrade their living conditions”可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第二段中的“most said they would rather use the money on entrepreneurship (创业) ... provide a sense of achievement”可知，C项表述正确；根据第五段中的第二句“It is still a rigid (一成不变的) demand for the post90s to have their own houses”可知，D项表述错误。
13．What does the underlined word “incurring” in Para.2 probably mean?
A．Bearing.
B．Leaving.
C．Clearing.
D．Removing.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“they are unwilling to degrade their living conditions by incurring housing debts”可知，他们不愿意承担住房债务降低现有的生活条件，故可推断incurring的词义与bearing相近。
14．According to the passage, at most how many graduates interviewed have their own houses?
A．206.
B．137.
C．69.
D．55.
解析：选C 数字计算题。根据第三段中的“Of the interviewed ... 1,380 are graduates.”和第四段中的“less than 5 percent live in the house of their own”可知，1 380×5%＝69，即最多有69个被采访的毕业生有自己的房子。此题容易误选A，忽略了题干中的graduates。
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph about the post1990 generation?
A．They treat property as a preference to build a house.
B．They prefer a highquality and freestyle life.
C．They have mixed feelings about property ownership.
D．They lack a sense of responsibility.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“on the one hand ... imposed by heavy house loans”可知，90后一方面承认传统的价值观，得有自己的住房；另一方面更愿过高质量的、自由的生活而不想由于沉重的房贷而受到经济限制。故可推断，他们对财产所有权有复杂的感觉。C项正确。而B项是原文中已有信息，不是推断出的。
.阅读七选五
(2016·长春市普通高中质检一)Parents are often scared to talk to their kids about money. In fact kids need to understand how to save and manage their money. Proper preparation for your children, even at a young age, can start them down the path of a successful financial life.__1__
Talk early and often.
Children start learning about money long before their first savings account, job or credit card.
__2__ Avoiding the subject until your child needs a bank account can
make the conversation hasty (草率的) and confusing.
__3__
A trip to the grocery store is a good time to explain price comparison, value and inflation. An ATM stop offers a chance to explain that money doesn't actually come from a machine. You can discuss both earned income, investment returns and even inheritance. Opening bills is a chance to talk about payment for services, credit card debt and interest rates. Children need to be taught about debt, specifically loans and credit cards.
Talk about giving.
Children should learn that money doesn't always need to be used for them. __4__ Don't just write the charitable check. Get the kids involved in the process by asking them to pick and check charities.
Websites like www. charitynavigator. org and www. guidestar. org provide information and ratings.
__5__
If they open a savings account, they can place their savings in the bank to earn a small amount of interest. Besides, they can learn about fees, account maintenance and even interest. It can provide a motivation for them to save money. You can offer them a prize if they put the money into savings.
A．It can also provide assistance for others.
B．Open a checking and savings account.
C．Children are eager to know about money.
D．Everyday activities are teachable moments.
E．Parents should help their children know how to use money.
F．Here are some tips that might help you teach kids about money.
G．Begin the conversation even before they're in school by talking about work and money.
答案：1～5 FGDAB
课时练(三) 第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)
(限时：45分钟)
.语法填空
(2016·山东日照市校际联合检测)A man looking at his smartphone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing __1__ (have) a close knock on Oct. 22. He was so __2__ (absorb) in his smartphone that he didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him, __3__ (throw) him to the ground. This should serve __4__ a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially __5__ crossing roads.
__6__ (lucky), the man survived a brush with death, but the incident forced the driver __7__ (stop) the train. An 18minute delay followed the incident, __8__ led to a break in the running of other trains on the route.
Smartphone __9__ (addicted) has spread like an infectious disease. It's evident that it will do great harm to society. What's even __10__ (bad), some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends.
Some people blame the smartphone for the tragedy, yet in fact people's weakening selfcontrol and selfdiscipline are to blame.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。如今手机上瘾现象非常严重，对人们的生活有着很大的危害。文章告诉我们是我们的自控力和自我约束力差导致了这种现象，而并非手机本身的问题。
1．had 根据时间状语“on Oct. 22”可知，此处是在描述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。
2．absorbed be absorbed in“专心致志于，全神贯注于”，是固定短语。
3．throwing 根据语境可知，此处表示“火车与他擦身而过，把他摔在了地上”，train和throw之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
4．as serve as“起作用，产生效果”，此处表示“这应该给人们起一个警告作用”。
5．when/while 根据语境可知，此处表示“尤其是当过马路的时候”，故用when或while，此处是“主语＋系动词”的省略。可还原为：especially when/while they are crossing roads。
6．Luckily 幸运的是，这个男子与死亡擦肩而过，但是这个事件迫使驾驶员停下了火车。在句首应该用lucky的副词形式，即Luckily修饰整个句子。
7．to stop force sb. to do sth.“迫使某人做某事”，为固定结构。
8．which 因为这件事耽搁了18分钟，导致这条路线上其他火车的运行中断了。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的“An 18minute delay”。
9．addiction 分析句子成分可知，此处作主语，意为“手机上瘾”，故用addicted的名词形式addiction，意为“上瘾”，addict作为名词时，意为“对……着迷的人”，此处不符合语境。
10．worse what's even worse“甚至更糟糕的是”，even 修饰比较级，故用worse。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·唐山市高三一模)Recently a survey has been done find out the reading interests of senior middle school students. With this survey, two thousands senior middle school students from ten schools in Lanzhou were interviewed. They were asking which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles: news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.
The survey show that more than a half of the students like to read news most. Twentysix percent of the students say that English stories are his favorite. Only seven percent of the students are mostly interested in reading articles about learning methods. However, the number of students who enjoy read popular science articles doubles that of those which prefer reading articles about learning methods.
答案：第一句：done后加to
第二句：With→In; thousands→thousand
第三句：asking→asked
第四句：show→shows; 去掉a
第五句：his→their
第六句：mostly→most
第七句：read→reading; which→who
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2016·河北省七校联合考试)书写是中学生日常学习中很重要的一项技能，而如今，老师、家长、学生对书写的重视程度降低了。请结合你的感受写一篇100词左右的英文短文，分析造成该现象的原因，并发表自己的看法。要点如下：
1．简要介绍该现象；
2．分析原因；
3．你的看法。
参考范文：
Handwriting is one of the most important skills in students' daily study. Nowadays, however, teachers, students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
There are many reasons explaining the phenomenon, the main one of which is the growing popularity of computers. Many students may think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving it. What's more, the students are so occupied with their lessons and homework every day that they have no adequate time to practice it.
In my opinion, just as the saying goes, “Writing style shows the man.” Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial, especially for middle school students. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.