2017届高考英语一轮复习技能提升练：必修3 Unit 4《Astronomythe science of the stars》（新人教版含解析）

　　必修三 Unit 4 高考提能练

　　练(一)　英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度

　　(限时：30分钟)

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　(2016·广西桂林一模)The other day I was having a meal in an Italian restaurant when I got a phone call from a long lost friend. In my excitement I talked slightly __1__ than usual and in Spanish, my mother tongue. A few minutes into the __2__ the lady sitting at the table beside mine got up, seemingly __3__， and asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me. I __5__ in my seat out of embarrassment, feeling the __6__ to go over and apologize.

　　I looked around and __7__ the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me. I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be __8__. Right then I __9__ my plans for a conventional apology and decided to conduct an experiment. Seeing those __10__ smile cards in my wallet I took one out. On signing my restaurant check I asked my waiter to __11__ charge the lady?s meal to my credit card and __12__ her a smile card instead of her bill.

　　When I was __13__ I told the staff I would be back in a few hours to pick up my credit card and close the bill. I returned later as I promised, excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment. To my pleasant surprise, things __15__ the best possible way. The restaurant staff happily approached me, telling me that in the many times she had had dinner there before __16__ had they seen the old lady smile and laugh like she did __17__ receiving the smile card and the D|S0 __18__. She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.

　　To top it off, the staff asked me about the smile cards so as to conduct their own __20__. It was an interesting, fun experiment which may hopefully result in many more.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在饭店高声打电话时打扰到了一位女士，感觉过意不去，想过去给那位女士道歉。但意识到这位女士可能不愿被人打扰，于是作者想到了一个别出心裁的道歉方式：替她买单，并让服务员替自己给这位女士送一张微笑卡。没想到这种方式收到了出乎意料的效果。

　　1．A.better　B．more

　　C．faster

　　D．louder

　　解析：选D　根据句中“In my excitement”以及下句中“as far away as possible from me”可知，作者接到一个很久没联系过的朋友打来的电话，感到兴奋，所以说话声音比平时要大，导致邻桌的一位女士厌烦，换到了远离作者的位置。故选D项，意为“更响亮地，更大声地”。

　　2．A.call

　　B．speech

　　C．quarrel

　　D．saying

　　解析：选A　根据第一句中“when I got a phone call”及空格前“A few minutes into”可知，此处指作者打了几分钟的电话。故选A项，意为“电话联络”。

　　3．A.tired

　　B．worried

　　C．annoyed

　　D．confused

　　解析：选C　根据空格后“asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me”以及第一段最后一句中“go over and apologize”可知，此处应指作者大声打电话让这位女士感到厌烦。故选C项，意为“恼怒的，生气的”。

　　4．A.chair

　　B．table

　　C．room

　　D．space

　　解析：选B　根据第一句中“in an Italian restaurant”以及第二段第一句中“staring out the window at the table furthest away from me”可知，这位女士要求换个餐桌。故选B项。

　　5．A.hid

　　B．lay

　　C．sank

　　D．took

　　解析：选C　根据句中“in my seat out of embarrassment”可知，由于感到尴尬，作者应是坐下来了。故选C项，意为“下沉，坐下”。

　　6．A.chance

　　B．urge

　　C．pity

　　D．mistake

　　解析：选B　根据上文内容及空格后“go over and apologize”可知，因为自己大声打电话的不礼貌行为让这位女士感到厌烦，所以作者觉得很有必要走过去向她道歉。故选B项，意为“强烈愿望，冲动”。

　　7．A.spotted

　　B．told

　　C．heard

　　D．recognized

　　解析：选A　根据句中“looked around”可知，作者环顾四周后发现这位女士独自坐到了离自己最远的一张餐桌旁。故选A项，意为“看见，发现”。

　　8．A.attracted

　　B．watched

　　C．noticed

　　D．disturbed

　　解析：选D　根据第一段最后一句中“go over and apologize”和本段上句中“the lady was alone ... from me”可知，作者想去给这位女士道歉，但看到她一个人坐在那里，凝视着窗外，作者突然意识到她可能不愿被别人打扰。因此选D项，意为“扰乱，打扰”。

　　9．A.had

　　B．made

　　C．abandoned

　　D．refused

　　解析：选C　根据上句以及本句中“decided to conduct an experiment”可知，作者放弃了常规的道歉方式。故选C项，意为“放弃”。

　　10．A.funny

　　B．useless

　　C．expensive

　　D．strange

　　解析：选A　根据常识可知，“smile cards”(微笑卡)的特点应是有趣。故选A项，意为“有趣的，滑稽的”。

　　11．A.instantly

　　B．secretly

　　C．slightly

　　D．freely

　　解析：选B　根据第三段最后一句的内容，尤其是“She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.”可知，这位女士不知道作者替她付账的事。由此可知，答案为B项，意为“秘密地”。

　　12．A.draw

　　B．buy

　　C．drop

　　D．hand

　　解析：选D　根据空格后“her a smile card instead of her bill”和第三段倒数第二句中“receiving the smile card”可知，作者替这位女士结了账，并让服务员给她一张微笑卡而不是给她账单。故选D项，意为“传递，交给”。

　　13．A.going

　　B．arriving

　　C．leaving

　　D．walking

　　解析：选C　根据空格后“I told the staff I would be back”可知，此处应指作者离开时。故选C项，意为“离开”。

　　14．A.outcome

　　B．effects

　　C．rules

　　D．situations

　　解析：选A　根据句中“I returned”“excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment”可知，作者再次回来一方面是结账，另一方面是想知道自己实施的道歉方式的结果如何。故选A项，意为“结果”。

　　15．A.worked out

　　B．turned out

　　C．went out

　　D．figured out

　　解析：选B　根据上句中“excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment”可知，本句话强调新颖的道歉方式所产生的结果。故选B项，意为“结果是，证明是”。

　　16．A.ever

　　B．even

　　C．still

　　D．never

　　解析：选D　分析句子结构可知，本句话使用了部分倒装形式。并结合句中“in the many times she had had dinner there before”可推知，此处指这位女士多次到这个饭店用餐，但饭店的服务员从未见她笑过。由此可知，答案为D项。表示否定意思的词或短语位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装结构。

　　17．A.on

　　B．to

　　C．at

　　D．with

　　解析：选A　句意：……他们之前从来没见过这位女士像收到微笑卡和0元账单时那样笑过。on doing是固定短语，意为“当……时，一……就……”，符合句意。故选A项。

　　18．A.gift

　　B．note

　　C．check

　　D．expense

　　解析：选C　根据第二段最后一句中“charge the ladys meal to my credit card”可知，作者替这位女士付了账。结合空格前“the D|S0”可知，此处指0元账单。故选C项，意为“账单，支票”。

　　19．A.unless

　　B．because

　　C．as though

　　D．even though

　　解析：选D　根据空格前后两部分“She thanked the staff”和“they explained that someone else did the job”可知，二者之间是让步关系。故选D项，意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。

　　20．A.shops

　　B．experiments

　　C．businesses

　　D．restaurants

　　解析：选B　根据最后一句中“may hopefully result in many more”可知，作者希望这样的做法会越来越多。由此可知，此处应指服务员询问作者微笑卡的相关信息，他们也想模仿作者的这种做法。故选B项。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　(2016·太原二模)What should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. __1__ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a __2__ (health) rhythm in your life. Don?t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble __3__ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.

　　You may also find it difficult __4__ (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is __5__ you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax __6__. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you __7__ (think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose __8__ book that is not too difficult. __9__， you may get so interested that you won’t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy.

　　Sleep well! Sweet __10__ (dream)!

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。失眠会对人体健康造成极大危害。本文介绍了应对失眠的几个方法。1．If　考查连词。此处用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果你总是按时睡觉并按时起床的话”。注意首字母大写。

　　2．healthy　考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词“rhythm”，应用形容词形式。故填healthy。

　　3．sleeping　考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故填sleeping。

　　4．to get　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式宾语，因此此处应用动词不定式“to get to sleep”作真正的宾语。故填to get。

　　5．when　考查表语从句。句意：这时候你需要放松。空格处引导表语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。故填when。

　　6．them　考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代上文中的“muscles”，作“relax”的宾语。故填复数宾格形式them。

　　7．are thinking/think　考查动词的时态。此处可用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，意为“如果你正在考虑一个问题或者正在想第二天将要发生的令人兴奋的事情”；也可用一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作。故填are thinking/think。

　　8．a　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“选择一本并不难的书”，表示泛指。故填不定冠词a。

　　9．Otherwise　考查副词。根据语境可知，本句与上句之间为转折关系，本句意为“否则，你可能会很感兴趣以至于困了也不想去睡觉”。故填副词Otherwise。注意首字母大写。

　　10．dreams　考查名词的数。形容词sweet后应用名词形式，且dream为可数名词，故此处应用复数形式。sweet dreams是固定表达，意为“做好梦”。练(二)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　(2016·东北三省四市第一次联考)Most Americans dont like to get advice from members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. When they need advice, they __1__ (rare) go to people they know. Instead, many of __2__ write letters to newspapers and magazines __3__ give advice on many different subjects __4__ (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how to buy a house or a car.

　　Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people who __5__ (suppose) to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, and others are lawyers or __6__ (educate). Among the writers, two women are famous. __7__ they have no special training for this kind of work, they can give the readers suitable advice because they are rich __8__

　　life experience and good at communicating with others. A survey was done last year about why people __9__ (turn) to strangers for help and why the two women were well­received. Most people interviewed in __10__ survey said this way could help protect their privacy and the advice from the women was practical and effective.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了大多数美国人不喜欢向熟悉的人寻求建议，他们更喜欢写信到报纸或杂志，因为他们认为这样可以保护他们的隐私。

　　1．rarely　考查副词。空格处应用副词修饰动词“go”，故用rarely。

　　2．them　考查代词。空格处指代上文的“Most Americans”。故用them。

　　3．which/that　考查定语从句。本句中先行词是“newspapers and magazines”，指物，且在从句中作主语。故用which/that引导定语从句。

　　4．including　考查介词。空格后面是名词，所以这里应填介词，include的介词形式是including，意为“包括”。

　　5．are supposed　考查固定短语。be supposed to do是固定短语，意为“应该做，应当做”，符合语境。因为主语是“people”，故用are supposed。

　　6．educators　考查名词。or是并列连词，前面是名词“lawyers”，所以后面也应该是名词的复数形式。故用educators。

　　7．Although/Though/While　考查连词。句意：尽管她们在这类工作方面没有接受过专门的培训，但是她们能给读者合适的建议……根据句意可知，前后句之间为让步关系。故用Although/Though/While。

　　8．in　考查固定短语。be rich in是固定短语，意为“在……方面丰富的”。根据语境可知，因为他们有丰富的人生经验，并且擅长和别人交流。故用in。

　　9．turned　考查动词的时态。根据“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故用turned。

　　10．the　考查冠词。上文提到过这次调查，所以这里表示特指。故用the。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　(2016·河南省实验中学检测)Last Saturday, our school had organized an activity to visit the children at a local orphanage. As one of the volunteer, I took part in it. We took many books as well many kinds of school supplies and toys to the children. They were delighting to receive the gifts. In the morning, we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon, we gave them some performances. Before leaving the orphanage, we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and help, but in return, they gave us their smiles and love.

　　答案：第一句：去掉had

　　第二句：volunteer→volunteers

　　第三句：well后加as

　　第四句：delighting→delighted

　　第五句：when→that/which

　　第六句：here→there

　　第八句：take→taken; they→we

　　第九句：happily→happy

　　第十句：but→and

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·太原一模)近年来，人们对中国传统节日的关注程度日益下降，而洋节日却越来越受到人们的追捧。你们班就这一现象进行了热烈讨论，请用英语写一篇短文。要点如下：

　　赞成的理由 1.有助于吸收外来文化，促进跨文化交流；

　　2.有些节日具有教育意义，如母亲节、感恩节等

　　反对的理由 1.外来文化入侵，特别是宗教节日；2.失去对中国传统节日的兴趣

　　个人观点 ……

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Nowadays, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentines Day are becoming more and more popular in China. Whether we Chinese should celebrate these festivals has raised a heated discussion.

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　　参考范文：

　　Nowadays, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day are becoming more and more popular in China. Whether we Chinese should celebrate these festivals has raised a heated discussion.

　　Some believe that celebrating western festivals is a sign of globalization, which helps to take in various foreign cultures and improve cross­culture communication. Besides, some western festivals, such as Mother’s Day and Thanksgiving Day, are instructive.

　　However, others believe that the popularity of the western festivals in China is the result of the foreign cultural invasion. For example, Christmas has strong religious colors. What’s more, young people may lose their interest in our traditional Chinese festivals like Dragon Boat Festival, Tomb­sweeping Day etc.

　　As far as I am concerned, we should value our traditional festivals, which have been an essential part of the Chinese culture. Meanwhile, we can have a taste of the western festivals just for fun.