必修四 Unit 4 Body language
1. 课前自测 2. 课堂学案 词汇接龙
1. _______(adj. 口语的)→_______(adj. 未说出口的；非口语的) 2. _______(adj. 好奇的)→_______(adv. 好奇地)→_______(n. 好奇心) 3. _______(adj. 真实的)→_______(adv. 真实地；真正地；真诚地)→_______(n. 事实；真相) 4. _______(n. 怒气；怒火)→_______(adj. 生气的；发怒的)→_______(adv. 生气地；愤怒地) 5. _______(adj. 主要的)→_______(n. 大多数；大部分)→_______(n. 少数民族；少数派) 6. _______(vt. 代表；象征)→_______(n. 代表；代表人物 adj. 典型的；有代表性的) 7. _______(n. 脸 vt. & vi. 面对)→_______(adj. 面部的)→_______(adj. 面对面的；当面的) 8. _______(vt. 保护；保卫)→_______(n. 防御；保卫)→_______(adj. 防御的；防守的；自卫的) 9. _______(vt. 误解；误会)→_______(过去式/过去分词) →_______(n. 误解；误会) 10. _______( vi.& vt. 迎接；问候)→_______(n. 迎接；问候)→_______〔n. (在酒店、超市等门口迎接顾客的)接待员〕
课前自测
Key:1. spoken; unspoken 2. curious; curiously; curiosity 3. true; truly; truth
4. anger; angry; angrily 5. major; majority; minority 6. represent; representative
7. face; facial; face-to-face 8. defend; defence; defensive
9. misunderstand; misunderstood； misunderstanding 10. greet； greeting； greeter 词块互译 1. 举起她的手
_______ her hands 2. 相反
______________ 3. 朝女孩们点头
nod _______ the girls 4. ______________
express their feelings 5. 更可能触碰他们
are _______ touch them 6. 总的来说；通常
______________ 7. 使人舒适
put people _______ 8. ______________
lose face 9. ______________
turn one’s back to someone 10. 对人恭敬
be _______ to people Key: 1. put up 2. on the contrary 3. at 4. 表达他们的感情 5. more likely to 6. in general 7. at ease 8. 丢脸 9. 背对某人；背叛；抛弃 10. respectful 句型补全
1.
The first person ________ was Tony Garcia from Columbia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 第一个到的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。(不定式作后置定语) 2.
She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, ________ in defence. 她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像在防卫。
(as if句型) 3.
________ each other the same way, nor ________
comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的舒适程度也不尽相同。(not all部分否定；nor部分倒装) 4.
However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and ________.
然而，像从西班牙、意大利或南美洲国家来的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且更有可能触摸对方。(be likely to do句型)
Key: 1. to arrive 2. as if 3. Not all cultures greet; are they 4. are more likely to touch them 课文回顾 Key:1. cultural 2. are 3. spoken 4. using 5. However 6. to touch 7. each 8. that
9. the 10. difficulties
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this __1__ (culture) “body language”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor __2__ they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. People communicate not only in __3__ (speak) language, they also express their feelings __4__
(use) unspoken “language” through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. __5__， people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others
closely and are more likely __6__ (touch) them. Most people around the world now greet __7__ other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, for example, the Japanese, who prefer to bow.
These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways __8__ cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general — not all members of a culture behave in __9__ same way. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid
__10__
(difficulty) in today’s world of cultural crossroads! 课堂学案 【词块助记】 1. represent
vt. 代表；象征；表现；描写；描绘
1.
(2015安徽卷)Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity in the New Year. 在许多新年庆祝活动中，食物也起着重要作用。在美国南部，一片片的玉米饼象征着新年兴旺的金块。 2. He represents himself as a friend of the President. 他自称是总统的朋友。 represent sth. 代表某物 represent…as… 把……描绘成 represent sth. to sb./to sb. sth.向某人说明某物；传达某事 represent sb. as/to be… 宣称某人为…… 【构词】representative n．代表；代表人物；adj. 典型的，有代表性的 【拓展】represent 作“说明，传达，表达”讲时，不能直接跟人作宾语，常用结构为represent sth. to sb.或 represent to sb. sth.。类似的单词还有：explain, guarantee, relate, say 等。 1. (2015安徽卷改编) To show this, she held up one chopstick, represent one person.
2. (2017安徽卷改编) In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not ________ museums normally represent. Key：1. represent改为representing 2. what 【词块助记】 2. curious adj. 好奇的；感兴趣的；有求知欲的 1.
After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
半个小时的等待之后，他们的航班到达，我看见几个年轻人进入了等候区，好奇地四处张望。 2.
(2015浙江卷) Human beings were curious about the midnight world.
人类对午夜的世界很感兴趣。 be curious about 对……好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 out of curiosity
出于好奇心
with curiosity ＝ curiously 好奇地 meet one’s curiosity 满足某人好奇心 【构词】curiosity
n. 好奇心 curiously adv. 好奇地 1.
(2017全国卷Ⅰ改编) Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious. 2. Curious enough, I didn’t feel at all nervous when I faced the audience. 3. (2017天津卷改编)With curious, we keep asking questions and exploring the world unknown. Key：1. 在curious后加about 2. Curious 改为Curiously 3. curious改为curiosity 【词块助记】 3. approach
vt. & vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途径 1. (2015陕西卷)They took a more reasonable approach, conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
他们采用了更加合理的方法，向他们的孩子表明学业上的成功是如何改善他们的生活的。 2. (2017浙江卷) Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
直面你的问题，而不是逃避，是最好的解决问题的办法。 be approaching
即将来临 approach sb./sth.
靠近/接近某人或某事物 an approach to…
做某事的方法、方式；去某地的路径 at the approach of
在快到……的时候 【拓展】 表示“……的方法”的搭配有：the approach to (doing)sth.; the way to do/of doing sth.；the means of (doing) sth.；the method of (doing) sth. 1. (2015天津卷改编) Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approach.
2. (2017广东卷改编) The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different approach to these problems.
Key：1. approach 改为approaching 2. approach改为approaches 4. turn one’s back to 转身背对；背叛；抛弃 1. He could not turn his back upon helpless travelers. 对孤立无援的旅客，他不忍心拒绝不管。
2. Don’t turn your back to me when I am speaking to you. 当我和你讲话时不要背对我。 3. She turned a deaf ear to our warning and got lost. 她对我们的警告充耳不闻，结果迷失了方向。 4. Bob turned a blind eye to the “No Fishing” sign. 鲍勃对“严禁钓鱼”的告示视而不见。
turn one’s back on sb. 不友好地拒绝帮助别人 turn a deaf ear to 对……置若罔闻 turn a blind eye to 对……视而不见 【头脑风暴】 5. at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 1.
He felt at ease and confident about the future. 他对未来感到轻松自在并且充满信心。
2.
Bernard wore a smile that put us at ease. 伯纳德面带微笑让我们感到无拘无束。
3.
Their help enabled me to finish the work with ease. 他们帮助我，使我能够顺利地完成工作。 4.
Take your ease, for the journey ahead will be long and tough. 好好休息一下， 前面的路程远而艰难。 【头脑风暴】 with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地 feel/look at ease 感到/看起来轻松 put sb. at ease 使舒适；使自在 take one’s ease 休息；放松一下 ease sb. of sth. 减轻某人…… 1. (2015湖南卷)Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or lift the entire buildings to meet the new street level.
楼主们面临一个选择：要么将大楼的一层改为地下室，二层变为一层；要么提高整栋大楼来适应新街面的高度。 2. (2015四川卷)I need to lose some weight. My clothes don’t fit anymore.
我要减肥。我的衣服都不合适了。 3. (2015陕西卷)It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and confidence in a person who is tardy. 自然而然地我们会对做事拖沓的人失去信任、信赖和信心。 6. lose face 丢脸 【头脑风暴】 lose one’s head
发狂；失去理智 lose one’s heart to sb.
爱上某人 lose heart
失去勇气；丧失信心 lose one’s job
失业 lose one’s life
牺牲 lose one’s way
迷路 be faced with 面对；面临 【微解析】 7. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Columbia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。 动词不定式to arrive作后置定语修饰person。当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及next，only，last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。通常句式为the first(second, last)＋名词＋to do。 【仿写】 1. The teacher knows that you are always ________ to the classroom since last September. 老师知道自从去年九月，你一直都是第一个到教室的。 【单句改错】 2. As is known to all, Mo Yan was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. Key：1. the first to come 2. was改为is 8. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的舒适程度也不尽相同。 (1) Not all“并非全部”，表部分否定。all, every, everybody, everything, both, always等与否定词 not 连用时，不管not 放前还是放后，均表示部分否定，而非全部否定。 (2) nor为否定副词，常置于句首，助动词、情态动词或联系动词放在主语之前，构成否定倒装，nor表示and also not的含义，此时也可以用neither代替。 【仿写】 1. (2015湖南卷改编) ________ print dictionaries are the same, as you will notice when you select one.
并非所有的纸质词典都是相同的，当你挑选的时候就会注意到这一点。 2. (2017福建卷改编) There was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice, ________ there mention of a horse and carriage.并没有像仙女教母或者能够帮助人的老鼠的东西，也没有提到过一辆马车了。 Key：1. Not all 2. nor was 【微解析】 9. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. 然而，像从西班牙、意大利或南美洲国家来的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且更有可能触摸对方。 sb. be (not) likely to do sth.意为“某人很有可能(不)做某事，it is likely that ＋从句表示“很有可能……”。如表示“更可能”，可在likely前加“more”；“更不可能”则在likely前加“less”。 【仿写】 1. (2015江苏卷改编) ________________ you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities.
很可能你想要一些志愿者帮助你做一些机构内的活动。 【单句改错】 2. (2015全国卷Ⅱ改编) Dark environments are much likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)
when they’re in poor lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.
3. New students are now aware that they are likely to leaving university up to ￡15，000 in debt. Key：1. It is likely that 2. much改为more；poor改为poorly 3. leaving改为leave 【微解析】 Dear John,
①______________ introduce the differences of body language between Western countries and China.
As you know, body language is the quietest and
most powerful language of all! It speaks louder than words.
②______________, people from different countries have different body languages to greet each other. For instance, in China, people shake hands when meeting people. While in Western countries, people will approach and hug or even ③___________. However, sometimes, ④___________. Thus, obey the golden rule: ⑤___________！ Yours sincerely,
Li Hua 【写作导航】 1. 信件开头表达写信的目的。可以用it is one’s honor/pleasure to…; 2. 这里起承上启下的作用，用过渡语“一般而言”引入观点； 3. 由要点揭示可知，此处要用动词原形与句子前面时态保持一致并表达“吻其他人的脸颊”； 4. 此处可用it is likely to…来表达“有时候身体语言可能会引起误会”; 5. 最后使用谚语“入乡随俗”来结束全文，自然流畅地表达出自己的观点。 请你给你的外国朋友John写一封信，介绍中国的身体语言与西方之间的不同之处。 1. 一般来说，不同国家的人通过不同的肢体语言打招呼。 2. 例如，在中国，人们见面的时候通常握手。而在西方国家，人们更可能靠近对方、拥抱对方甚至会亲吻脸颊。 3. 有时候身体语言可能会引起一些误会。所以，我们与不同国家的人们交往时要遵循这一黄金法则：入乡随俗。 Key:① It is my honor/pleasure to ② In general/Generally speaking ③ kiss others on the cheek ④ body language is likely to cause misunderstanding ⑤ Do in Rome as the Romans do/When in Rome, do as the Romans do/Do in Rome as Rome does