选修六 Unit 4 Global warming
1. 课前自测 2. 课堂学案 词汇接龙
课前自测
Key:1. tend; tendency 2. steady; steadily 3. random; randomly 4. pollution; pollute; polluted 5. state; statement; stated 6. consume; consumer; consumption 7. consequence; consequent; consequently 1. _______(vi. & vt. 趋向；易于；照顾；护理)→_______(n. 倾向；趋势) 2. _______(adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的)→_______(adv. 平稳地；持续地) 3. _______(adj. 随便的；任意的
n. 随便；任意)→_______(adv. 任意地) 4. _______(n. 污染；弄脏)→_______(vt. 污染)→_______(adj. 被污染的) 5. _______(vt. 陈述；说明)→_______(n. 说明；说法；表白)→_______ (adj. 规定的；阐明的) 6. ______(vt. 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完)→______(n. 消费者)→_______(n. 消费；消耗) 7. _______(n. 结果；后果；影响)→_______(adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的)→_______(adv. 因此；所以)
词汇接龙
Key:8. refresh; refreshing; refreshment
9. commitment; commit; committed; committee
10. oppose; opposed; opposing 8. ＿＿＿＿(vt. 使恢复；使振作)→ ＿＿＿＿(adj. 提神的；使人重新振作的)→＿＿＿＿〔n. (精力的)恢复；(身心的)爽快〕 9. ＿＿＿＿(n. 承诺；交托；信奉)→＿＿＿＿ (vt. 承诺；犯罪；把……托付给)→＿＿＿＿(adj. 忠诚的；坚定的)→＿＿＿＿(n. 委员会) 10. ＿＿＿＿(vt. 反对；反抗)→＿＿＿＿〔adj. 强烈反对；截然不同(后置定语)〕→＿＿＿＿〔adj. 对立的；相竞争的；相反的(前置定语)〕
词块互译 1. 同意某人的观点
________ to one’s view 2. 归因于全球变暖
________ global warming 3. 导致二氧化碳的增加
________ the increase in carbon dioxide 4. ________________
temperature tends to go up 5. 反对某人的观点
be ________ to one’s opinion 6. ________________
trap the heat energy in the atmosphere 7. 把温室气体聚集在大气层中
________ greenhouse gases in the atmosphere 8. 代表学校
________ the school 9. 忍受空气污染
________ air pollution 10. ________________
refresh your spirit Key:1. subscribe 2. due to 3. result in 4. 气温趋于上升 5. opposed 6. 把热量困在大气层 7. build up 8. on behalf of 9. put up with 10. 振奋你的精神 句型补全
1.
There is no doubt _______
and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。(that引导的同位语从句) 2.
Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, ______________ is carbon dioxide. 这个(升温)过程中的一些副产品被称为“温室”气体， 其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 3.
We can’t predict the climate well enough to know ________， but it could be very serious. 对于未来的气候我们不能作出精确的预测，但情况会越来越严重。(“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语) 4.
________ reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续变暖。(even if引导的让步状语从句) 5.
It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on ________ you are using it—if not，turn it off! 在使用电器设备时你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！(so long as引导的条件状语从句) Key:1.
that the earth is becoming warmer 2. the most important one of which 3. what to expect 4. Even if we start 5. so long as
课文回顾 Key:1. doubt 2. or 3. have caused 4. whose 5. being 6. without 7. cooler
8. trapped 9. the 10. actually
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is no __1__ that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming __2__
it is just a natural phenomenon. Many scientists like Dr. Janice Foster believe that people __3__ (cause) the increase in the earth’s temperature by burning
fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy __4__ byproducts are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one __5__ (be) carbon dioxide. These gases trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth, __6__ which the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius __7__ (cool) than it is. But the increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy __8__ (trap)
in the atmosphere, causing the global temperature to go up. On __9__ other hand, scientists like George Hambley believe that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences and more carbon dioxide is __10__ (actual) a positive thing. 课堂学案 1. subscribe vt. 捐助，捐赠；签署(文件)；签(名)
vi. 同意；订阅 1. All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. 所有科学家都同意这种观点，即地球温度升高是由于燃烧像煤、天然气和石油等化石燃料来制造能量而引起的。 2. Please subscribe your name to the document. 请在文件上签名。 3. Peter subscribed to several newspapers. 彼得订阅了几份报纸。 subscribe to… 订阅 (报纸或杂志)；同意/赞同…… subscribe (one’s name) to sth. 在某物上签名 subscribe money 捐款 【词块助记】 【拓展】subscription n. 订阅；捐献；签署
subscriber n. 订户；签署者；捐献者 1. I don’t subscribe to his idea where we will go for a picnic on Sunday. 2. Most of today’s youngsters prefer to subscribe their favorite journals online because they think it is both trendy and handy. Key：1. where改为that 2. 在subscribe后加to 【词块助记】 2. quantity n. 量；数量；数额；数目
1. The factory turns out a large quantity of paper products. 这家工厂生产大量的纸制品。 2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 随着更多的森林被毁，每年都有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 in quantity＝in large quantities/amounts 大量地；很多 a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的 quantities of 大量；许多 【拓展】修饰 quantity 一般用 large/small/huge等，“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词视名词的可数或不可数形式而定，若为不可数名词，谓语动词一般用单数，若为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。 1. There ________ (be) quantities of apples in the basket and there ________ (be) a quantity of milk in the bucket yesterday, but now they’re gone. 2. The cards are cheaper if you buy them on quantity. Key：1. were; was 2. on改为in 3. tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾 vt. 照顾；护理
1. (2017北京卷) That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. 也就是说，我们往往只在乎产出却不控制投入。 2. Mom was usually busy tending (to) my younger sisters. 妈妈通常要忙于照顾我的妹妹们。 tend to do sth. 易于/往往会/趋向于做某事 tend (to) sb./sth. 照顾……；看护…… have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事 have a tendency towards sth. 有……的倾向 1. (2017陕西卷改编) The French, instead, tend to shopping daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets. 2. There is a growing tend to regard money more highly than quality of life. Key：1. shopping 改为shop 2. tend改为 tendency
【词块助记】 【词块助记】 4. range n. 种类；范围；一系列；变化的幅度
vi. (范围)包括；涉及；排列 1. (2017辽宁卷)In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. 除了这些传统活动，我们还有一个更广泛的选择，如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚朋友。 2. (2017安徽卷) Classical music ranges from jazz to pieces for large orchestras. 古典音乐包括从爵士乐到大型管弦乐队的曲目。 a range of 一系列…… a full/wide/whole range of 各种…… beyond/out of one’s range 在……范围外 within the range of 在某范围内 range from…to… 在……范围内变动 range between…and… 在……和……范围内变动 The supermarket keeps ________ goods.Their prices ________ just only a few yuan ________ several hundred yuan. According to their varieties, the shop assistants ________ them neatly on the shelves. 这家超市的商品种类繁多。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在不同的货架上。 Key：a wide range of; range from; to; range 【词块助记】 5. average adj. 平均的；一般的 n. 平均数；平均水平
vt. & vi. 平均为；均分 1. (2017浙江卷) An average of just 18. 75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850. 去年平均降雨量仅为18. 75厘米，是加利福尼亚州自1850年建立以来最干旱的年份。 2. Tom’s work at school is above the average. 汤姆的功课在学校属于中上等水平。 3. Their baseball team averages three to run a game. 他们棒球队平均每场得3分。 an average of 平均是…… above/below average (＋n.) (……)平均水平以上/以下 on (an/the) average 平均来说 up to (the) average 达到平均水平 average out sth. 平均为；算出平均数 1. How many times do you eat out per week in average? 2. Now I believe that if I get average score I’ll have no problem passing all my subjects. Key：1. in改为on 2. 在average前加an 【头脑风暴】 6. come about 产生；发生；造成
1. How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages? 人类怎么会说这么多种语言，这种情况是如何产生的呢？ 2. The situation should never have come about. 这种情况本来不应该发生的。 3. I’ll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey. 我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。 How did it come about that…？ ……是怎么回事？ come across 邂逅；偶遇 come on 快点；加油；得了吧 come out 出版；开花；显露 come to 合计；共计；结果达到；恢复知觉 come up 走近；上来；发生；被提及 come up with 提出(答案、办法等) 【头脑风暴】 7. put up with 忍受 1. I don’t know how you put up with their constant quarrelling. 我不知道你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。 2. The Trade Union Congress put forward a plan for national recovery.工会大会提出了一项振兴国家的计划。 put aside 节省(时间、钱等)；储蓄 put away (用完之后) 收好；储存……备用 put back 拨回；推迟 put down 写下；记下；镇压 put forward 提出 (意见等)；推荐，提名；提前 put off 推迟，延期 put on 增加；上演(戏剧)；穿上；戴上 put out 熄灭；生产；出版 put up 举起；张贴；为……提供食宿
【微解析】 8. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个(升温)过程中的一些副产品被称为“温室”气体， 其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。 the most＋adj. ＋one of＋which/whom…意为“其中最……的……”。“不定代词/数词/ the ＋最高级＋ of ＋ which(指物)/whom(指人)”在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
【仿写】 1. Some effective measures should be taken to keep our living environment from getting worse, ________ is to limit the use of private cars. 应采取有效措施防止生存环境进一步恶化， 其中最重要的措施之一就是限制私家车的使用。 2. I saw some trees, ________ were black with disease.我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黑。
Key：1. the most important one of which 2. the leaves of which/whose leaves
【单句改错】 3. We are short of two more people, without which we will need three more days to finish our task. Key：which改为whom
近年来，随着清明节(Tomb-sweeping Festival)、端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)、中秋节(Mid-Autumn Day)等传统节日成为法定假日，越来越多的人选择“自驾游(self-driving travel)”作为假期出游的首选。 请你根据以下提示，以“My Views on Self-driving Travel”为题写一篇英语短文。 My Views on Self-driving Travel Recently, as traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Tomb-sweeping Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Day become official holidays, self-driving travel has become people’s preference in traveling. The reasons ① ____________ are as follows. On the one hand, the economic development has made it possible for more people to buy their own private cars. ② ____________， health-conscious people focus more on the quality of their life, so they will grasp every chance to enjoy their life. ③ ____________， self-driving travel is not an exception. While providing people with more chances to travel together with their family and friends, ④ ____________， such as the traffic jams on the high way or even the expressway. Since people have to drive all the way during their tours, they have to ⑤ ____________. 【写作导航】 1. 此处用定语从句结构来表达“为什么越来越多的人选择自驾游”； 2. 使用过渡语来表达事物的另一方面； 3. 用as引导的方式状语从句来表达“正如任何事物都有两面性(正如每个硬币有两面)”； 4. 用短语result in来表达“自驾游也可能会导致一些问题”； 5. 用pay attention to和avoid doing sth.来提出意见：自驾游时应特别注意安全及避免疲劳驾驶。 Key： ① why more and more people choose it
② On the other hand
③ As every coin has two sides
④ self-driving travel may also result in some problems
⑤ pay special attention to the safety problem and avoid driving when exhausted