第四周 不落俗套的亮点词汇
写作最基本的要求是考查考生遣词造句的能力，遣词的原则是表达准确、地道自然、生动形象。如果考生在掌握了最基本词汇的基础上，能够将一些常用词汇进行升华，就将成为高考作文获得高分的亮点之一。
一、使用亮点词汇的4种方法
1．“语”众不同，避免人云亦云
写作时，恰当得体地使用别人可能想不到的词汇或表达，会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉。
①Of the two, I think the latter is the better.
→Of the two, the latter wins my favor.
(2015·重庆高考写作)
②I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is so interesting as I have read.
→I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.
(2015·安徽高考书面表达)
2．更新换代，避免重复
写作时应尽量避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多样的词语来展示自己的水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异，也是高级用法。
①We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have different ways to deal with such a situation.
→We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.(2015·浙江高考书面表达)
②We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also built a library where the old playground used to be.
→We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also set up a library where the old playground used to be.
3．单词与短语巧妙互用
一般情况下短语优先，应多使用短语、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。但有时单词比短语更生动，可以“一词传神”。
①Quite a few things caused the traffic problem.
→Quite a few things gave rise to the traffic problem.
(2015·江苏高考书面表达)
②We should try to improve ourselves through learning and prepare for the future.
→We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
(2015·福建高考书面表达)
③We can look at this problem in many ways.
→We can view this problem in many ways.(view比look at更有“内涵”)
④We all live on one and the same planet.
→We all share one and the same planet.(share比live on更有“味感”)
4．用高年级学到的词汇代替低年级学到的词汇
为了表现自己的语言功底，吸引阅卷老师的眼球，应避免反复使用初中或小学阶段学过的词汇，尽量用高中阶段学到的词汇来代替。
①So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up, we are sure to achieve success.
→So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up, we are bound to achieve success.(2017·山东高考写作)
②We offer hot water 24 hours every day in our hotel and the swimming pool is free to use any time you want.
→Hot water is available 24 hours every day in our hotel and you can have free access to the swimming pool any time you want.
二、使用亮点词汇的2点注意
1．注意增加亮词的“出镜率”，变消极词汇为积极词汇
阅读中能认识但写作中不会用的词汇属于消极词汇，写作中能运用自如的词汇为积极词汇，也就是平常所说的“第一反应词”。积极词汇量的多少直接决定着英语作文表达水平的高低。现在很多考生的困难是，头脑中的很多词汇介于积极词汇与消极词汇之间；另外，很多背到的消极词汇如果较长时间不接触就会变成陌生词汇。因此在备考过程中，我们要做的事情就是迅速扩大消极词汇量并且保持接触的频度，力争使其变成积极词汇。
很多考生作文驻足不前的一个重要原因是反复用初中学过的简单词汇，背了大量的亮词妙语而不用。这是一种懒惰的表现。建议大家在想到一个表达时，务必要想一想还有没有更好的表达方式，这就是我们平时常讲的“头脑风暴法”。例如想表达“美丽的”这个含义，大家首先想到的是“beautiful”，那么在下笔时，要想一想还有没有更出彩的表达，如“attractive”或“charming”等。再如表达“困难的”时，大家常用“difficult”，那是不是用“tough”或“challenging”更与众不同呢？
2．注意亮点词汇使用的场合
写作时，在用词上不可随心所欲，决不能为追求“高级”而使用复杂但毫无把握的词语，也不能满篇堆积所谓的“高级”词汇，否则给人过分炫耀之嫌，得不偿失。一般来说，一篇文章能用好三五个高级词汇就可以了。另外，为能更好地“完成规定的写作任务”，减少错误，特提醒同学们在使用“高级词汇”时，一定要注意遵循“准确、恰当”的原则，并且要注意使用的场合，难词和生僻词汇并不一定就是高级词汇，例如：
一大早我们买了些圣诞礼物。
Early in the morning we purchased some Christmas presents. (purchased太过于书面化，改为bought更地道)
三、高分必备的24个亮点词汇
名
词 普通词汇 高级词汇 普通词汇 高级词汇
chance opportunity choice alternative
idea opinion people individuals
result consequence effect influence
动
词 have possess replace substitute
bear put up with understand make
sense of
develop promote consider take into
account
形
容
词 enough adequate rich abundant
proper appropriate important vital/ significant
interesting absorbing/ appealing difficult challenging
副
词 finally eventually hardly barely
immediately in a flash nowadays currently
连词 so therefore and as well as
①In the coming three years, our school life will be difficult.
→In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging.(2017·江西高考书面表达)
在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性。
②I can no longer bear the way he speaks to us.
→I can no longer put up with the way he speaks to us.
我再也无法忍受他跟我们讲话的方式。
更多高级写作词汇请参考
“附录二：写作常用的4组高级写作词汇”
[综合演练提能]
Ⅰ.请用高级词汇替换下列句子中的加黑部分
1．We all have the same opportunity.possess
2．More and more visitors have been attracted to this place.An_increasing_number_of
3．The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult courses.challenging
4．We’ll try our best to develop the traditional friendship between us.promote
5．Would you please help me to turn down the radio？do_me_a_favor
6．He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.determined/made_up_his_mind
7．Developing very quickly, the Internet causes the breakdown of facetoface communication.gives_rise_to
8．When you are bored with the people sometimes, you’d better find a quiet place, listening to some classical music.fed_up_with
9．Suddenly I thought of an idea that someone had broken into my house.I_came_up_with_an_idea/an_idea_occurred_to_me
10．As soon as he arrived, he began his research.On/Upon_his_arrival
Ⅱ.请用高级词汇提升下面的考生作文
(2016·厦门一中5月热身训练)假如你是中学生李明，家住泉州。你的英国笔友Jason来信谈到了他的故乡London，并希望了解你家乡泉州的情况。请你用英文写一封回信。
回信必须包括以下内容：
1．自然情况：地理位置优越、气候风景宜人等；
2．发展成就：经济发展迅速、城市高楼林立等；
3．存在问题：交通拥堵现象、空气污染问题等；
4．对泉州发展的看法：内容由考生自己拟定。
注意：1.请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息；
2．可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
3．词数100左右；书信格式已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：高层建筑 highrise building
Dear Jason，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Ming
[考生作文]
Dear Jason，
I’m ①very happy to hear from you and know about your beautiful home city London. Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Quanzhou.
Quanzhou is a beautiful place for people to live in. Its economy has been developing ②fast during the past ten years. New bridges and roads have been ③built,_highrise buildings standing in many parts of the city. ④More_and_more schools and hospitals are ⑤useful for the native people. It is developing into a modern and ⑥beautiful city. ⑦But there are still some problems, such as heavy traffic in rush hours and ⑧serious air pollution, which have a bad ⑨effect on people’s daily life. ⑩I_think Quanzhou should develop healthily and scientifically, so that we could have a better hometown in future.
Yours，
Li Ming
[升格作文]
Dear Jason，
I’m ①more_than happy to hear from you and know about your beautiful home city London. Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Quanzhou.
Quanzhou is a beautiful place for people to live in. Its economy has been developing ②rapidly during the past ten years. New bridges and roads have been ③set_up,_highrise buildings standing in many parts of the city. ④An_increasing_number_of schools and hospitals are ⑤available for the native people. It is developing into a modern and ⑥attractive/charming city. ⑦However,_there are still some problems, such as heavy traffic in rush hours and ⑧severe air pollution, which have a bad ⑨influence/impact on people’s daily life. ⑩In_my_opinion/As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_Quanzhou should develop healthily and scientifically, so that we could have a better hometown in future.
Yours，
Li Ming