第六周 富有文采的状语从句
状语从句主要包括时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较、方式、目的和结果等九类从句。
一、常见状语从句的类型及连词
状语从句 连词
时间 when, whenever, as, while, (ever) since, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., scarcely ... when ..., each time, every time, the first time, the last time, the moment, the minute, the second, the day, immediately
地点 where, wherever
条件 if, unless, providing/provided (that), supposing/suppose (that), given (that), as long as, so long as, on condition (that), in case, only if
原因 because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that
让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter＋疑问词， whether ... or ..., whether ... or not
比较 as, than, the same as, not so ... as ..., as ... as ...
方式 as if, as though, as
目的 that, in order that, so that, in case, for fear (that), lest
结果 so that, so ... that ..., such ... that ..., that
①Whenever you want to achieve something in life, there will be problems of this or that kind.(2015·福建高考满分作文)
每当你想在生活中获取什么时，总会有这样或那样的问题。
②It was such an exciting activity that we all enjoyed ourselves very much.(2015·北京高考满分作文)
这是如此激动人心的活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。
③Given that I had the chance, I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning.(2017·广东高考满分作文)
如果有机会，我想向渴望通过学习获得未来成功的孤儿提供捐助。
[即时演练] 用状语从句补全句子
1．起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我还没尝试就想放弃。
At the beginning, learning English seemed so_difficult_that I wanted to give up without even trying.(2017·山东高考满分作文)
2．他们走了30英里才看见一个村庄。
They walked about 30 miles before_they_saw_a_village.
3．尽管因特网有很大帮助，但我认为在上面花太多的时间不是好主意。
Although/Though_the_Internet_is_of_great_help,_I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
4．只要你坚持下去，就一定会成功。
As_long_as_you_keep_on_trying,_you will surely succeed.
5．如果你想参加，我们将于上午9点在学校大门口等你。
If_you_would_like_to_take_part,_we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
二、状语从句的常用句型
在英语写作中，状语从句是经常使用的从句之一，因此必须学会并熟练运用这些相关句型。
1．as soon as/the moment/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly
一……就……
As soon as I entered the classroom, my teacher asked me why I was so late.
我一进入教室，老师就问我为什么来这么晚。
2．each/every time 每次，每当……
Every time I pass the school, I think of my first English teacher.
每当我经过那所学校，我就想起我的第一个英语老师。
3．the first time 第一次
I thought Susan nice and friendly the first time I met her.
我第一次见到苏珊就觉得她很友好。
4．before在……之前，还没来得及就……
It was some time before I realized the truth.
过了一段时间我才悟出真相。
5．ever since 自从……
Ever since my friend Xiaohua entered high school two years ago, his mother has been pushing him hard in his studies.(2017·湖北高考短文写作)
自从我的朋友小华两年前进入中学，他的妈妈一直在学习上给他施加很大的压力。
6．by the time 到……为止，不迟于……
He will have learned English for ten years by the time he graduates from the university next year.
到明年大学毕业为止，他已经学了10年英语了。
7．as/so long as 只要
You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.
(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
只要有趣味性和知识性，你可以写任何相关的东西。
8．providing/provided/suppose/supposing(that) ... 如果，假如……
Suppose he doesn’t agree to help us, who should we turn to for help?
假如他不同意帮助我们，我们该向谁求助？
9．on condition that ... 在……条件下；如果……
We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.
只要你能保持整洁，我们可以让你使用这个房间。
10．considering that ... 鉴于；考虑到……
They have made remarkable progress, considering that they only started last week.
考虑到他们是上周才开始的，他们已经取得了相当大的进步。
11．not that ... but that ... 不是因为……，而是因为……
I didn’t accept the job, not that I am unwilling to do it, but that I am unable to.
我没接受这份工作，不是因为我不愿意做，而是因为我不能做。
12．even if/even though 即使；尽管
Even if flying is more expensive than land and sea travel, I went there by air to save time.
尽管坐飞机比坐车和乘船都贵，但是为了节省时间我还是坐飞机去了那里。
13．though/although/while 虽然；尽管
Although small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.(2017·天津高考单选)
尽管这个公司很小，但它在30多个国家拥有大约1 000个购买者。
14．no matter wh .../whever无论……
However/No matter how far away we are, we feel close to each other. (2017·重庆高考写作)
无论我们距离有多远，我们都感觉近在咫尺。
15．whether ... or (not) ... 是……还是……；不管，不论……
I have decided to take the job offer, whether it is good or bad.
不管好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。
16．so that 以便，目的是；因此
We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese, so that we can improve our oral speaking.(2015·四川高考书面表达)
每天晚上，我们可以通过视频聊天相互联系，用英语聊半个小时，再用汉语聊半个小时，目的是提高口语。
17．in order that 为了……
In order that he can have a chance to receive university education, his parents work hard day and night.
为了使他能有机会接受大学教育，他的父母日夜辛苦地工作。
18．so/such ... that ... 如此……以至于……
The dough figurine he made was so beautiful that we couldn’t wait to have a try ourselves.(2015·北京高考满分作文)
他做的面人如此漂亮，以至于我们迫不及待地想亲自试一试。
[即时演练] 用状语从句补全句子
1．另外，我会告诉他你长得什么样，以便你们可以容易地找到对方。
Besides, I will tell him what you look like so that you can find each other easily.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
2．每当见到有人需要帮助，我就会尽力去帮助他。
Whenever_I_see_someone_in_need_of_help,_I will spare no effort to help him.
3．尽管每个人都打得不错，我们还是输了。
We lost the game, although/though_everyone_played_well.
4．一切都发生得这么快，我都来不及去思考。
Everything happened so_quickly_that I hadn’t time to think.
5．只要有善良和美德，世界将变得更加美丽。
As_long_as_there_is_kindness_and_virtue,_the world will become more beautiful.(2017·广东高考写作)
[综合演练提能]
Ⅰ.用状语从句翻译句子
1．尽管它不贵，但为了给我买礼物，父亲努力挣钱。
Although/Though_it_was_not_expensive,_in_order_to_buy_me_the_gift,_my_dad_made_every_effort_to_earn_the_money.(2017·重庆高考写作二)
2．只要我们有强大的信念，就能够克服任何困难。
As_long_as_we_have_a_strong_will,_we’ll_be_able_to_get_over_any_difficulty.
3．如果我们继续污染环境，地球将不再适合我们居住。
If_we_go_on_polluting_the_environment,_the_earth_won’t_be_fit_for_us_to_live_in.
4．无论我做什么，我都会尽全力做好。
No_matter_what_I_do,_I_will_try_my_best_to_do_it_well.
5．他努力学习功课，结果考试取得了好成绩。
He_worked_hard_at_his_lessons,_so_that_he_got_high_grades_in_the_exams.
Ⅱ.请根据下面的四幅图画，写一篇英语短文，讲述冬冬和姥姥发生在路上的一段故事。尽可能多地使用状语从句。
参考范文：
Last Sunday, while Dongdong was walking in the street with his granny, suddenly he saw something shiny on the ground. After he took a close look, he said，“Look, Granny. There is a tenfen coin here.” Granny told Dongdong to pick it up quickly, but instead of obeying his granny, Dongdong kicked the coin away with one of his feet as if he didn’t care about the money.When Granny saw what Dongdong did, she went over and picked it up. In order that Granny taught Dongdong a lesson, she pointed to the coin and said to Dongdong, “Honey, as a good citizen, we have the duty to take good care of RMB.”
After he heard what his granny had said, Dongdong felt ashamed and lowered his head.