附录四 162个动词的不规则变化表
1．AAA型
bet bet/betted bet/betted 打赌
broadcast broadcast broadcast 广播；播送
bid bid/bade bid/bidden 出价
burst burst burst 爆发；发生
cast cast cast 投，掷；扔
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 切；割
forecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecasted 预报
hit hit hit 打
hurt hurt hurt 伤害
knit knit/knitted knit/knitted 编织
let let let 让
put put put 放
quit quit/quitted quit/quitted 停止
read read read 读
rid rid/ridded rid/ridded 除去
set set set 放；放置
shut shut shut 关闭
spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐
split split split 劈开；分开
spread spread spread 散布；传播
sweat sweat/sweated sweat/sweated 出汗
thrust thrust thrust 刺；刺入
upset upset upset 颠覆；扰乱
wed wed wed 结婚
wet wet/wetted wet/wetted 打湿
2．AAB型
beat beat beaten 打；击败；(心脏)跳动
3．ABA型
come came come 来
become became become 变成
overcome overcame overcome 克服
run ran run 跑
4.ABB型
(1)在原型动词后面加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式、过去分词
hear heard heard 听见
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学
dream dreamt dreamt 梦想
mean meant meant 意思是
lean leant/leaned leant/leaned 倾斜
leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped 跳跃；跨越
spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled 破坏；宠坏
deal dealt dealt 处理
(2)把原型动词的最后一个辅音字母d改成t
build built built 建设
rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 重建
lend lent lent 借出；借给
send sent sent 送；发射；派遣
spend spent spent 度过；花费
bend bent bent 弯腰；低头；弯曲
(3)原词中有a则改为aught，无a则改为ought
catch caught caught 抓；赶上
teach taught taught 教；教书
buy bought bought 买
bring brought brought 带来；拿来
fight fought fought 打架；争吵；作战
seek sought sought 寻找
think thought thought 想
(4)把eel、ell改成elt
feel felt felt 感觉
kneel knelt knelt 跪下
smell smelt smelt 闻到
spell spelt spelt 拼写
(5)词中间去掉一个e或去掉一个a或去掉一个o
feed fed fed 喂养；饲养
meet met met 碰见；遇见
speed sped sped 加速；快速前进
bleed bled bled 流血
breed bred bred 繁殖；产生
lead led led 领导；引导
mislead misled misled 误导；欺骗
shoot shot shot 射击；击中
(6)改变元音字母(把i、a变为u或把i、e变为o，把o变为e，把i变为a)
dig dug dug 挖掘
hang hung hung 挂
spin spun spun 旋转
stick stuck stuck 粘贴；插入
sting stung stung 刺激；叮咬
swing swung swung 摆动；突然转向
shine shone shone 照耀；使发光
shined shined 擦亮；擦光
win won won 赢得；获胜
get got got 得到
hold held held 握；举行
sit sat sat 坐
(7)eep变为ept
keep kept kept 保持
sleep slept slept 睡觉
oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头
creep crept crept 爬行
weep wept wept 哭泣
sweep swept swept 打扫
(8)ay变为aid，ell变为old，and变为ood，ind变为ound
pay paid paid 付款
repay repaid repaid 偿还；报答
lay laid laid 下蛋；产卵；放置
say said said 说
sell sold sold 卖
tell told told 告诉
retell retold retold 复述
foretell foretold foretold 预告；预言
stand stood stood 站，站立
understand understood understood 明白；懂得
misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 误会；误解
find found found 找到；发现
wind wound wound 卷起；缠绕
(9)其他
bite bit bit/bitten 咬
bless blessed/blest blessed/blest 祝福
have/has had had 有
leave left left 离开
light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃；照亮
lose lost lost 失去；丢失
make made made 制作；制造
slide slid slid 滑动
spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt 溢出
5．ABC型
(1)原型动词后＋n或en构成过去分词
take took taken 拿；取
overtake overtook overtaken 追上；超过
mistake mistook mistaken 误认；误解
undertake undertook undertaken 承担；保证
shave shaved shaven/shaved 剃须
saw sawed sawn/sawed 锯
sow sowed sown/sowed 播种
shake shook shaken 摇头；摇晃
see saw seen 看见
foresee foresaw foreseen 预见
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 跌倒
give gave given 给
forgive forgave forgiven 原谅；宽恕
drive drove driven 驾驶
rise rose risen 升起
arise arose arisen 出现；发生
ride rode ridden 骑
write wrote written 写
(2)过去式＋n或en构成过去分词
break broke broken 打破
speak spoke spoken 说话
freeze froze frozen 结冰；凝固
wake woke woken 醒
weave wove woven 编织
awake awoke awoken 唤醒
choose chose chosen 选择
steal stole stolen 偷
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
hide hid hidden 躲藏
forbid forbade/forbad forbidden 禁止
(3)ow/aw/ew—ew/ed—own/awn/ewn型
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
throw threw thrown 投；掷
overthrow overthrew overthrown 推翻；打倒
draw drew drawn 拖；拉
withdraw withdrew withdrawn 撤退
sew sewed sewn/sewed 缝
show showed shown 出示
(4)i—a—u型
begin began begun 开始
shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk 萎缩
drink drank drunk 喝；饮
ring rang rung 打电话；按(铃)
sink sank sunk 下沉
sing sang sung 唱歌
swim swam swum 游泳
spring sprang/sprung sprung 弹跳；弹起
(5)ear—ore—orn型
bear bore born 忍受；生育
tear tore torn 撕裂；撕破
wear wore worn 穿；戴
swear swore sworn 发誓
(6)其他
be (am，is) was been 是
be (are) were been 是
do/does did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
fly flew flown 飞