☆佳作诵读
Dear Sir or Madam，
How are you doing? Hope everything goes well with you!
Right now I am writing to tell you something about Yangtze finless porpoises. ①On account of lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises is becoming smaller and smaller, only no more than 1,000 left ②up to now. Most of them are ③dying out. Therefore，1.it's time we took immediate measures to change the situation.
So I hope WWF will do something to help Yangtze finless porpoises by setting up a special fund organization or ④drawing up some rules on how to protect them ⑤and so on.
I will be looking forward to your reply. Thank you.
Li Hua
☞好词积累
1．on account of 由于
2．up to now到现在为止
3．die out 灭绝
4．draw up 起草
5．and so on 诸如此类的
好句延展
该你们给房间进行大扫除了。
It's time that you gave_your_room a good clean.
1 单词拓展识记
一、单词与派生
1．________vi.参加→________n．参加
2．________vt.安排；准备→________n．安排
3．________adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的→________vt.(使)惊恐→________adj.害怕的；受惊的
4．________vt.说服，劝服→________n．说服
5．________vt.道歉→________n．道歉
6．________vt.使污染→________n．污染
7．________n．智力，理解力→________adj.有才智的，理解力强的
8．________adj.有活力的→________n．精力；活力
9．________n．发现→________vt.发现
10．________vt.吸引→________n．吸引人的地方→________adj.吸引人的
11．________vt.令人感到恐惧→________adj.令人恐惧的→________adj.感到恐惧的
12．________n．手势；符号→________n．信号；暗号
13．________vi.逃脱，逃跑→________adj.逃跑了的
14．________vi.幸存，生存下来→________n．幸存→________n．幸存者
15．________vi.恢复正常；康复→________n．恢复；痊愈
16．________vt.辨认出→________n．认出；承认
17．________vi.不同意，意见不合→________n．意见不合；不一致；分歧
【答案】 1.participate；participation 2.arrange；arrangement 3.frightening；frighten；frightened 4.persuade；persuasion 5.apologise；apology 6.pollute；pollution 7.intelligence；intelligent 8.energetic；energy 9.discovery；discover 10.attract；attraction；attractive 11.terrify；terrifying；terrified 12.sign；signal 13.escape；escaped 14.survive；survival；survivor 15.recover；recovery 16.recognise；recognition 17.disagree；disagreement
二、典词语境填空
1．It's time we evaluated (评估) how well our policy is working.
2．These goods will be sold at a discount(打折).
3．The staff of the three companies in the group come to 2,500 altogether(总共)．
4．The team's spirit (精神) sank to zero after its successive defeats.
5．Can you tell me how to find some books on industrial (工业的) management?
6．The seamen equipped a ship for a voyage(航海)．
7．He was excused from attendance at the lecture(演讲)．
8．The star of the film is a previously unknown (未知的)actor.
9．It was a long journey, but we eventually (最终地) arrived.
10．He is a good leader in deed(行为) as well as in name.
2 短语多维运用
一、互译练习
1．填写 ______________
2．起航 ______________
3．根据，依照
______________
4．陷入麻烦，陷入困境
______________
5．寻找，寻求
______________
6．取；接载
______________
7．轮流做某事
______________
8．与人合用
______________
9．watch out
______________
10．be covered with
______________
11．manage to do sth.
______________
12．make a living
______________
13．be located at/on/in
______________
14．in addition to
______________
15．make it (to)
______________
16．all at once
______________
【答案】 1. fill out 2.set sail 3.according to 4. get into trouble 5.in search of 6.pick up 7.take turns to do sth. 8.share with 9.注意 10.被……覆盖 11.设法做成某事 12.谋生 13.位于 14.此外，而且 15．到达 16.突然，忽然
二、用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．He picked_up French while he was staying in Paris.
2．So many good ideas! It's too much for me to absorb all_at_once.
3．In_addition_to his homework, he did many exercises.
4．He's now running his own research company—that's in_addition_to his job at the university.
5．Don't copy my work, or we'll both get_into_trouble.
6．The game will be played in_search_of rules which were made fifty years ago when the club was founded.
7．Watch_out！There are some snakes in the forest.
8．In order to earn money to make_a_living,_Mr. David has to work all day and all night.
3 句式高仿演练
1．(教材P12)It's three times as big underwater.
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
[句式仿写] 这条新公路是旧路的四倍宽。
The new road is four_times_as_wide_as the old one.
2．(教材P8)Leif followed Biarni's directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of presentday Canada.
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示，航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
[句式仿写] 那位老人把他说的编成了一个复杂的故事。
The old man adapted what_he_said into a complicated story.
3．(教材P14)One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full of fish.一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。
[句式仿写] 散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。
The_meeting_over,_our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
4 课文语法填空
Viking Voyages to America
The Vikings were a group of people whose ancestors came from Scandinavia.They 1.controlled (control) the seas and coasts of Northern Europe for a long time.
In 982 AD，a man called Eric the Red，who was forced to leave Iceland 2.because he had committed a murder and got 3.into trouble，decided to set sail 4.further (far) west. He reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed. He returned and persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.5.When he set sail once again，only 14 of 25 ships made 6.it to Greenland.
Later a man 7.called (call) Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric's party. Unfortunately，he was blown off course and found himself in 8.an unknown land，from where he eventually reached Greenland. These stories were written down centuries 9.later (late) in Norway and Iceland.10.They are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas.
1 高考真题演练
Ⅰ.完形填空——完成句子
1．(2017·安徽高考)My family persuaded_me that a holiday might be just what the doctor ordered，so off I went.
我家人让我相信给自己放个假可能是医嘱，因此我出发了。
(教材P8)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
2．(2017·辽宁高考)When I arrived at the restaurant，I apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late.
当我到饭店的时候，我道歉，告诉Eleanor我不是有意迟到的。
(教材P9)Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——完成句子
1．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Guest speakers will also present_prizes to the students.
特邀演讲者也会给学生颁奖。
(教材P11)How will you present your project?
2．(2017·山东高考)Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog，and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.
彼得开车去安的家接他的狗，从窗户看到托马斯和杰克在哭。
(教材P15)In the end，a boat picked me up.
2 核心单词突破
participate vi.参加，参与
(教材P4)I also want you to remember that you should all actively participate in the discussion.我同样想让你们记住你们都应该积极地参加讨论。
(1)participate in sth. 参与(某活动)
participate in sth. with sb. 同某人参与某事
(2)participation n．参与
participant n．参与者；参加者
She actively participated in politics.
她积极参与政治活动．
②(牛津P1450)She didn't participate_in_the_discussion.
她没有参加讨论。
③We want more participation in the decisionmaking.
我们想更多地参与决策。
arrange v．安排；准备，整理；布置，排列
(教材P4) If not, then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours...如果没有，那你们组应该安排好在校外时间见面……
(1)arrange to do sth.安排做某事；整理；布置
arrange for为……做准备(安排)
arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排某人/物做某事
arrange with sb.about sth.与某人商定某事
(2)arrangement n．整理；布置；安排
make arrangements for为……做好安排
①I got a taste of that dream in 2011, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.
2011年丈夫为庆祝我的生日，为我安排了一次乘热气球飞行的活动。我体验了飞行的梦想。
②I wonder if my girlfriend can arrange with me about the wedding today.
我不知道我的女友今天能否和我商定婚礼的事情。
③He arranged that the meeting (should)_be_put_off for a week.＝He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.他已安排好将会议延期一周。
[温馨提示] 不能说arrange sb.to do...，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句中用虚拟语气“(should＋)do”。
sign n．符号，记号；迹象，征兆；手势；招牌，标志 v．签署；示意，打手势
(教材P5)Some chimpanzees have learnt sign language... 一些黑猩猩已学会了手势语……(1)sign of/that...……的迹象/征兆
traffic signs交通标志
(2) sign (to sb.) to do sth.示意(某人)去做某事
sign in签到
sign up/on (sb.)报名，注册，签约雇用(某人)
sign up (for sth.)报名(参加课程)[巧学助记]
①Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. 许多历史学家认为，第一批户外标牌被使用是在大约五千年前。
②All the teachers who want to visit our school must sign in on arrival.
所有想参观我们学校的老师均需签到。
③The company has signed_up/on three top models for the fashion show.
为了时装表演，公司签约了三名顶尖模特。
persuade vt.说服，劝服
(教材P8)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他说服了一些人跟他回格陵兰岛。
persuade
①In a debate you need persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument.辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。
②I have persuaded him to give up the attempt.
＝I have persuaded_him_into_giving_up the attempt.
我已经说服他放弃这种尝试了。
③I persuaded him out of going there with Tom.
＝I persuaded him not to go there with Tom.
我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。
present
vt.演示，讲演；上演， 演出；出现，出席；显示；介绍；赠予；交给；提出，提交；颁发
(教材P11)How will you present your project? 你怎样展示你的计划？(1)把某物交给/颁发给/授予某人
present sb.to sb.把某人介绍/引荐给某人
(2)at the present time＝at present目前，现在
for the present就现在来说，暂时[巧学助记]
①He likes to present himself as a radical politician.
他喜欢表现出一副激进政治家的样子。
②Most fathers wish to be present at the birth of their child.多数做父亲的都希望孩子出生时自己能在场。
③I'm afraid I can't help you just at_present. I'm too busy.
很抱歉，我现在帮不了你。我实在太忙了。
[温馨提示] present作为形容词时，作“在场的，出席的”讲时放在被修饰词的后面；而作为“现在的，目前的”讲时放在被修饰词的前面。
escape v．& n．逃脱，逃跑，逃避
(教材P14)Without waiting, I dived into the sea to try and escape.我毫不犹豫地跳进海里试图逃生。
(1)escape from/out of从……中逃跑/出
escape doing sth. 避免/逃避做某事
(2)make one's escape 逃走
have a narrow escape 死里逃生，幸运逃脱
①Is there any way to escape meeting him？有什么办法可以避免和他见面吗？
②He escaped_from the enemy's prison.他从敌人的监狱逃了出来。
③He escaped being punished.＝He escaped punishment.他逃避了惩罚。
survive v．幸存，生存下来
(教材P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear...
我们的船没有沉，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时我的哥哥靠近我的耳边说……
(1)survive sb.比……寿命长；失去某人后还活着
survive sth.幸免于……；从……中活过来
survive on...靠……存活下来
survive from...从……存活下来；流传下来
(2)survival n．幸存，继续存在；幸存物，残存物
survivor n．幸存者，生还者
Faced with the financial crisis, a lot of small companies are having to fight for survival.
面对金融危机，许多小公司不得不为生存而奋斗。
②Only a few buildings survived the fire, which made all the workers upset.在这次火灾中仅有一部分建筑物幸存，这让工人们很伤心。
③She is barely surviving_on_her monthly social security payment.
她靠每月的社会保险金勉强维持生活。
recover v．痊愈，康复；找回；重新获得，收回
(教材P14)．..I was trying to recover when my elder brother...……我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时我的哥哥……
(1)recover from...从……恢复
recover one's costs收回成本
recover oneself清醒过来
(2)recovery n．恢复健康，复原；重获，复得
make a full recovery完全康复
He is very ill and unlikely to recover. 他病得厉害，不太可能恢复健康。
②The country had not yet recovered_from the effects of the war. 这个国家尚未从战争的影响下恢复过来。
③She made a speedy recovery from her illness and was soon back at work. 她生病后很快康复，不久就去上班了。
ban v．禁止，取缔，查禁 n．禁止，禁令
(教材P10)He's been banned from driving for a year.
他被禁止开车一年。
ban sb. from (doing) sth.禁止某人做某事
an alcohol ban禁酒令
a ban on smoking禁止吸烟
①The public think it makes sense to totally ban driving after drinking. 公众认为彻底地禁止酒后驾车是明智的。
②I certainly think there should be a_ban_on tobacco advertising.我确实认为应该禁止香烟广告。
③Last year arms sales were banned.
去年武器遭禁售。
measure v．测量，度量 n．大小，尺寸；(pl.) 措施
(教材P13)An average fish like this measures 90 centimetres in length，and it can weigh as much as 30 kilos.
像这样的鱼，平均每条有90厘米长，并且体重可达30千克。
take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
make...to one's own measure根据某人自己的尺寸来做(衣服)
①He said measures would be taken against the killers.
他说将采取对付杀手的措施。
②The_room_measures about 12 feet by 13 feet.
房间大约是宽12英尺，长13英尺。
③We should take effective measures to improve our teaching.
我们应当采取有效措施提高我们的教学质量。
recognise v．辨认出；承认
(教材P15)The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.
那些渔民是我的老朋友，但他们都认不出我了。
recognise sth. as sth.认为……是
It is/was recognised...人们认为……
recognise sth./sb. to be...承认某物/人是……
①It is recognised that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.人们一致认为环境污染已经成了人们面对的最严重的问题之一。
②They recognised_him_as/to_be a great leader.
他们承认他是一位伟大的领袖。
disagree vi.不同意，有分歧
(教材P17)I disagree.I am for the plan.
我不同意，我支持这个计划。
disagreement n．争论，分歧
disagree with sth.与……不一致；不赞成
disagree with sb.(食物、气候)不适合某人
disagree with sb.about/on/over sth.与某人在某方面有分歧
He seemed to disagree with my decision.他好像不同意我的决定。
②I am bound to say I disagree_with_you on this point.
我必须声明在这一点上我与你的意见不一致。
[单词多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
disagree，recover，survive，measure，participate，arrange，recognize，escape，present，persuade
1．It's going to be some time before I recover my full strength.
2．She felt satisfaction at having her ability recognized.
3．How many people participated in the opening ceremony?
4．I've arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.
5．Only by this means is it possible to persuade him.
6．Not father but mother was present at the ceremony.
7．The robbers escaped before the police arrived.
8．I agreed with him that some active measure should be adopted.
9．He disagreed with his parents on most things.
10．It is a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.
Ⅱ.persuade多面体
1．用persuade的适当形式填空
①It had taken a great deal of ________to get him to give up smoking.
②She didn't doubt he could be very ________.
③It will be difficult to ________ them that there's no other choices.
【答案】persuasion ②persuasive ③persuade
2．句型转换
④那个推销员说服了我们买他的产品。
The salesman persuaded us to buy his product.
＝The salesman persuaded_us_into_buying his product.
Ⅲ.survive活运用
1．介词填空
①Mr. White survived his wife by 10 years.
②Many of the peasants survive on tiny plots of corn and beans.
2．完成句子
(2)After of the six people injured in the traffic accident，only_two_survived (只有两个人活了下来)．
Ⅳ.写出下列句子中present的词性、词义
1．He isn't present at that time, so he didn't know the situation.________
2．The manager didn't perceive the new secretary's potential at present，therefore he was not sure whether she was competent in her work.________
3．It's my present for your birthday.________
4．The exhibition presented a picture of general prosperity in China's economy.________
5．When are the committee presenting the plan？________
6．The Capital Theatre presents “Cai Wenji” in a new production.________
【答案】 1.adj.出席；到场 2.n.目前，现在 3.n.礼物4．vt.展示 5.vt.提交 6.vt.上演
.sign万花筒
写出下列句中sign的词性、词义
(1)There are signs of political unrest in the country.
________
(2)Make sure that the sign's the right way up.
________
(3)I talked with him by signs.
________
(4)He signed his name on the cheque.
________
(5)She signed to us to stop talking.
________
【答案】 (1)n.迹象 (2)n.招牌 (3)n.手势 (4)vt.签名 (5)v.示意
.recover变形记
1．用recover适当形式填空
①We are surprised by the rapidity of her ________.
②He's still________from his operation.
2．完成句子
③He's now fully ________ his stroke.
他现已从中风病中完全康复了。
④她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。
She seemed upset but quickly ________.
⑤There is now no possibility that she will ________.
她现在已不可能完全康复。
【答案】recovery ②recovering ③recovered from
④recovered himself ⑤make a full recovery
3 精典短语研析
make it to到达
(教材P8) Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克再一次起航了，这次有25艘船，其中只有14艘到达了格陵兰岛。
make it＋时间，意为“就定为……时间吧”
make it 及时到达；能够出席或到场；获得成功；幸免于难
①I'm sorry I didn't make it to your party last night.
对不起，昨晚我没能去参加你的晚会。
②I never thought you would make_it_as an actress.
我从来没想过，你会成为一名成功的女演员。
in search of＝in one's search for寻找，寻求
(教材P8)Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland, a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric's party.埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
in search of寻找
in the/one's search for寻找(若用介词for时，search前常有one's或the)
search sb.搜身，搜查某人
search for sb.搜寻某人，寻找某人
search...for...为了寻找……搜查……
①Scientists are in search of a cure for the disease.
科学家们正在寻找治愈这种疾病的一种方法。
②They searched the forest for the little boy.
他们在森林中搜寻那个小男孩。
③They are_searching_for the lost boy.
他们正在找寻丢失的孩子。
pick up捡起，拿起某物；收听；接送某人；收拾；获得；学会；好转
(教材P15)In the end，a boat picked me up.
最后，一条船把我救了起来。
pick out挑出
pick and choose东挑西捡
①He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
他从地板上拾起帽子，重新戴在头上。
②We drove to the airport the next morning to pick_up Susan.
我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。
[巧学助记]
get into trouble陷入困境，惹上麻烦
(教材P8)According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble.
根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。
get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境
make trouble制造麻烦
take the trouble to do sth.费劲/力做某事
in trouble处于困境中，有麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事
①This will probably get you into trouble in the future.
这将造成你日后的麻烦。
②The naughty boys often came_to_make_trouble.
那些淘气的男孩子经常来捣乱。
make sense有道理；有意义；讲得通(无被动语态)
(教材P14)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.
按那个顺序读读看故事是否讲得通。
make no sense无意义，讲不通，没道理
make sense of弄懂，理解
common sense常识
sense of humour/safety幽默感/安全感
①It made no sense to say anything since you did nothing.既然你什么也没做，再说什么也无意义。
②Maybe what you said makes_sense in a sense，but I can't make sense of it；so in no sense will I follow you.
也许你说的在某种程度上是讲得通的，但是我没弄明白，所以我决不会听你的。
all at once突然；忽然，刹那
(教材P14)All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.
突然，天空被乌云笼罩，刹那间，我们被卷入了可怕的暴风雨中。
all of a sudden突然
at once立刻；在同时
(just) for once；just this once就这一次，例外地
once again/once more再一次
(every) once in a while偶尔地
once and for all只此一次，最后一次；最终地；彻底地
①All_of_a_sudden the lights went out.
突然，灯都灭了。
②There are so many new ideas introduced all at once.
突然之间介绍了许多新观念。
③You have every reason to try it once more.
你有充分的理由再试一次。
[短语多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
make sense，pick up，in search of，get into trouble，make it to
1．She put the newspaper aside and picked_up_a book.
2．The scientists are in_search_of a new element.
3．The sailors were warned not to get_into_trouble while they were on shore.
4．It's hard to make_it_to the top in show business.
5．Does it make_sense to let children play with matches?
Ⅱ.写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思
1．Ridley picked up a pencil and fiddled(不停摆弄) with it.拿起
2．She went over to her parents' house to pick up some clean clothes.取回
3．Where did you pick up your English？学会
4．They've picked up a really nasty infection from something they've eaten.染上
5．We can pick up Italian television.接收
6．Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.好转
Ⅲ.用search短语填空
1．Michael went away________water to drink.
2．I________the book everywhere.
3．He________all the drawers for the key.
【答案】 1.in search of 2.searched for 3.searched through
Ⅳ.用trouble适当短语完成句子
1．什么会让你写这样的信？那是自寻烦恼。
What made you write such a letter? It was ____________.
2．他遇到麻烦时才来。
He never came except when he was __________.
3．非常抱歉给你添了那么多麻烦。
I am sorry for ________.
4．你这个人不辞辛劳地帮我们，真是好心。
It was kind of you to ________ help us.
5．我常常牙痛。
I often ________ my teeth.
6．我学英文语法有过一点困难。
I ____________ English grammar.
【答案】 1.asking for trouble 2.in trouble 3.putting you to so much trouble 4.take the trouble to
5．have trouble with 6.had a little trouble learning
Ⅴ.once短语荟萃
完成句子
(1)约翰又回家了。
John's back home ________.
(2)他有时去探望他们。
He went to see them ________.
(3)马上到这里来。
Come here ________.
(4)从前有个国王，他有三个女儿。
________ there lived a king who had three daughters.
(5)他突然离开了。
He left ________.
(6)他就这一次说了真话。
________ he was telling the truth.
【答案】 (1)once again (2)once in a while (3)at once(4)Once upon a time (5)all at once (6)For once
4 典型句式剖析
(教材P12)It's_three_times_as big underwater.
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
[句式分析]这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数＋as＋形容词(副词)原级＋as...。
(1)倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as
(2)倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than
(3)倍数＋the size/length/width/height...of...
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)倍数＋that of...
①Our school which was built last year is three times as big as his.我们去年才建的学校是他的学校的三倍大。
②In this workshop, the output of July was five times that of January.
这个车间7月份产量是1月份的5倍。
③The production now is three_times_what it was ten years ago.
现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。
(教材P8)Leif followed Biarni's directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of presentday Canada.
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示，航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
[句式分析]该句中的what引导的从句是一个宾语从句，在复合句中作介词to的宾语。what从句相当于一个名词，往往作复合句中的主语、宾语或表语。翻译为“……的人、事、地方、价格等”。
①He is not what he was a few years ago.(what＝the person that)他不是几年前的他了。
②What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.(what＝the place that)
现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。
③The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.(what＝the color that)
那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。
(教材P14)One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full of fish.一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打渔归来，船上载满了鱼。
[句式分析] 这是一个简单句。在句中our boat full of fish是一个独立主格结构。独立主格结构多用作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随状态。
The girl looked up, her_eyes_full_of_tears.(n.＋形容词短语)(作伴随状态)
女孩抬起头，眼里满含泪水。
Weather permitting, we will go camping this weekend. (n.＋现在分词)(作条件状语)
天气许可的话，我们本周末就去野营。
A stranger broke in, gun in hand.(n.＋介词短语)(作方式状语)一个陌生人闯了进来，手里拿着枪。
[句式多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.单句改错
1．The earth is forthnine times the sizes of the moon.
________________________________________________
2．The production of grain has increased with four times this year.
________________________________________________
3．They've done that they can to help her.
________________________________________________
4．In 1492, Columbus reached where is now called America.
________________________________________________
5．There was no bus, we had to walk home.
________________________________________________
6．He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fix on the blackboard.
________________________________________________
【答案】 1.sizes→size 2.with→by 3.that→what 4.where→what 5.was→being 6.fix→fixed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．除了在报上读到的以外，我对这次事故一无所知。
I know nothing about the accident except what_I_read_in_the_newspaper.
2．那个孩子的眼睛盯着飞机模型，所以没有听到我说话。
Eyes_fixed_on_the_model_plane,_the child didn't hear me.
3．在面积上我们的学校是他们学校的四倍。
Our school is three_times_bigger_than theirs in size.
Ⅲ.改写句子
The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.
(1)The_red_ruler_is_twice_longer_than_the_yellow_one.(用“倍数＋比较级”改写句子)
(2)The_red_ruler_is_three_times_the_length_of_the_yellow_one.(用“倍数＋the＋n.＋of...”改写句子)
通关微语法
介词＋关系代词引导定语从句和形容词、
副词的比较级
在复习介词＋关系代词引导定语从句的过程中，重点把握和关系副词引导定语从句的区别。对于形容词和副词比较级在把握基本的用法的基础上，了解比较级和否定词连用表示最高级意义的用法。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．The teacher ________ I learnt most was Mrs.Zhu.
2．What's the name of the sport ________ you go in a boat?
3．Mathematics is the subject ________ I am most interested.
4．This is the question ________ we have had a discussion.
5．This is the house ________ I was born.
6．Is that the girl ________ you lent your bicycle?
7．This is the pen ________ I wrote the letter.
8．Is that the fish ________ you asked the waiter?
9．I need a knife ________ I can cut the cake.
10．Do you remember the days ________ we stayed together?
【答案】 1.from whom 2.for which 3.in which
4. about which 5.in which 6.to whom 7.with which
8．for which 9.with which 10.in which
Ⅱ.用形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1．There are ________(many)new beautiful spots here than in other cities of China.
2．This lesson is ________(easy)than the last one.
3．Of the two girls I'm teaching，I find Nancy the ________(clever).
4．Gold is ________(little)useful than iron.
5．My sister is two years ________(old)than I.
6．The boy runs almost as ________(badly)as Joe.
7. The boy runs almost as ________(quickly)as his teacher.
8．He could drive as ________(carefully)as his father.
9．This article is slightly(稍微地) ________(well)organized than that one.
10．We all love ourselves ________(much)and hate ourselves ________(little)than we ought.
【答案】 1.more 2.easier 3.cleverer 4.less 5.older
6. badly 7.quickly 8.carefully 9.better
10. more；less
谋篇微写作
话题7——航海
【写作素材】
1．我的朋友杰克喜欢航海，去年他说服一些人参加他的航海。 (persuade，participate in)
2．根据他的安排，他们在某周一起航寻找鲸鱼。 (according to, in search of)
3．在路上他警告他的同伴注意鲨鱼，以免陷入麻烦。 (get into trouble)
4．在他们的共同努力下，他们达到了目的。 (make it)
【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇英语短文)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My friend Jack likes making voyages. Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his sea voyage. According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales. On the way，he warned his men to watch out for sharks in case they got into trouble. With their hard work，they made it.
课时提升练(七)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After a while he a________to me for his rudeness.
【答案】 apologised
2．There are concerns that the refugees may not ________(活下来)the winter.
【答案】 survive
3．She has r________from the operation now.
【答案】 recovered
4．We ________(承认)Spain as an independent state.
【答案】 recognised
5．I'm________(信服)of his honesty.
【答案】 persuaded
6．The river has been p________with poisonous waste from local factories.
【答案】 polluted
7．The movie ________(呈现)its characters in a way that I find it difficult to believe in.
【答案】 presents
8．The beaches are the island's main ________(attract).
【答案】 attraction
9．In a dictionary the words are ________(arrange)in alphabetical order.
【答案】 arranged
10．You should ________(教育)your children to mind their manners.
【答案】 educate
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．北京的房价比济南的房价高三倍。
The house price of Beijing is four_times_higher than that of Jinan.
2．这是我在《中国好声音》节目中听到的最好的声音。(否定词＋比较级)
I have never heard a_better_voice_in the programme The Voice of China.
3．我们正在进行热烈的讨论，这时老师进来了。(when)
We were_having a heated discussion when the teacher came in.
4．天气允许的话，我们将去参观那所新校。(doing形式)
Weather_permitting,_we'll go to visit the new school.
5．我仍然记得我来北京的那天。(定语从句)
I still remember the day on_which_I_came_to_Beijing.
.完形填空
When I moved into an empty dorm (宿舍) for the first time two years ago, I was certain of a few things. Firstly, I realized that I didn't __1__ anybody at the school. Secondly, I knew that I wanted to work hard at my lessons and __2__ something useful. And thirdly, I wanted to have a good time with new classmates, without my parents around.
The first __3__ frightened me in the beginning. But that __4__ quickly disappeared. It was the other two goals __5__ ended up being my difficulties. I knew that it was __6__ to devote enough time to class and to social efforts. But I wanted to __7__ in both. I knew this would be a __8__， but I didn't realize how much until classes began.
I got on well with the other girls who lived in my dorm.__9__， instead of finishing my homework __10__ it was due, I went upstairs and had ice cream with my neighbor. I always finished it the next day between classes. I knew __11__wasn't very good and the grade I __12__ showed my lack of effort.
I was __13__ that I needed to find some sort of balance.
So I created a schedule (时间表) that would __14__ my time up between going to class, doing homework, and relaxing. It seemed like a good idea, __15__ I was only able to __16__ it for a few days. A schedule like that was too much pressure.
So I tried another __17__.Each week I made a list of everything I had to get done during that week. Then, under the list of things I had to get done, I __18__ a list of things I could do if I had time.
This is the method I have used since then. I'm glad that I've learned to__19__ things and it has__20__ prepare me for what is to come after graduation.
[语篇解读] 文章主要介绍了自己在学校的学习情况，从而介绍了合理分配时间的重要性。
1．A.know B．recognize
C．realize
D．like
【解析】 刚刚来到新的学校，这里没有我认识(know)的人。
【答案】 A
2．A.understand
B．learn
C．try
D．tell
【解析】 我要努力学习，学到(learn)一些有用的知识。
【答案】 B
3．A.teacher
B．day
C．class
D．realization
【解析】 解析见4题。
【答案】 D
4．A.happiness
B．excitement
C．fear
D．desire
【解析】 最初“实现(realization)”第一个目标让我担心，但这种担心(fear)很快就消失了。
【答案】 C
5．A.which
B．what
C．that
D．who
【解析】 此处是强调句型。end up doing以做……结束。这里表示实现另外两个目标对我来说是最大的挑战。
【答案】 C
6．A.hard
B．easy
C．interesting
D．nice
【解析】 由上下文可知此处意为“合理分配时间去学习和参加社交活动是困难的(hard)”。
【答案】 A
7．A.win
B．succeed
C．get
D．wish
【解析】 succeed in sth./doing sth.在……方面取得成功。
【答案】 B
8．A.chance
B．job
C．challenge
D．time
【解析】 这对于我来说将是一个挑战(challenge)。
【答案】 C
9．A.Often
B．Seldom
C．Unluckily
D．Fortunately
【解析】 我经常(often)和我的室友上楼去吃冰激凌，而不去按时完成作业。
【答案】 A
10．A.because
B．when
C．after
D．before
【解析】 before it was due在作业应该上交之前。
【答案】 D
11．A.it
B．one
C．these
D．I
【解析】 it指上文提到的作者的学习情况。
【答案】 A
12．A.demanded
B．took
C．accepted
D．received
【解析】 receive the grade表示“获得成绩”。此处I received修饰grade。
【答案】 D
13. A．asleep
B．awake
C．ashamed
D．aware
【解析】 我意识到(be aware of/that...)我需要某种平衡。
【答案】 D
14．A.fix
B．divide
C．put
D．build
【解析】 由下文内容提示可知此处意为“我制定了一个时间表，来分配(divide up)自己的时间，但并没有一直坚持下去。”
【答案】 B
15．A.so
B．and
C．but
D．however
【解析】 通过理解文章意思，可知这里是转折关系。
【答案】 C
16．A.use
B．keep
C．follow
D．observe
【解析】 follow这里表示“遵循”。
【答案】 C
17．A.plan
B．energy
C．pressure
D．effort
【解析】 所以我又尝试另外一项计划。
【答案】 A
18．A.made
B．found
C．picked
D．brought
【解析】 make a list of...把……列成清单。
【答案】 A
19．A.do
B．control
C．balance
D．hold
【解析】 我已经学会平衡(balance)各种事务，合理分配时间。
【答案】 C
20．A.had
B．helped
C．let
D．forced
【解析】 这必将帮助(help)我去迎接未来生活的挑战。
【答案】 B
.阅读理解
(2017·皖智教育9月考)Kiribati covers a massive 3.5 million square kilometers stretch of the Pacific Ocean, but in population terms it is one of the smallest countries in the world, with only 100,000 people. More than half of them live in the capital Tarawa—a strip of coral which measures just 450 meters at its widest point. As well as being narrow, Kiribati is extremely low lying, which makes it one of the most easily influenced countries in the world when it comes to climate change.
“We are counting the days rather than the decades...We don't have the time that we thought we had previously，” Kiribati President Anote Tong said.
Pelenise Alofa returned to Kiribati six years ago. The changes she saw led to her becoming one of the islands principal climate change campaigners. “Things began to change when I came here. I realized the king tides were big, and I told them‘have you heard of climate change, have you heard of global warming, this is part of it, you're in it，’” Ms Alofa told SBS.
Linda Uan and her New Zealandborn husband John have been documenting the changing climate in Kiribati for nearly 20 years. They didn't have to travel far to film the effects of a storm three years ago when for the first time it washed through their home. “There's been a lot of changes，” Linda said, “When we were little there was a definite dry season and a definite wet season, now you can't feel the difference anymore.”
Kiribati is not just facing one knockout punch but a whole round of killer blows. Because of its sensibility to the El Nino and La Nina weather patterns, climate scientists say droughts and floods will be more severe than in the past. Warmer seas could affect the migration patterns of fish, taking away vast taxes it gains from selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers, while increased storms are expected to destroy crops and make the limited supply of water in the shallow water pools undrinkable.
It's a claim the country will take to Copenhagen as it seeks to get the world's big emitters (排放者) to face up to the consequences of their actions. “It's a whole world issue，” President Tong said. “It's a moral issue...it's almost criminal.”
1．According to the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．Kiribati covers a land area of 3,500,000 km2
B．the country's average altitude is 450 meters in Kiribati
C．Kiribati is one of the countries facing the climate change calmly
D．Over fifty thousand people live in Tarawa
2．President Anote's words are quoted in order to show ________.
A．the high pressure from time
B．the importance of measuring time
C．the different timing units
D．the personal attitude towards time
3．Which of the following statements does Ms Alofa probably agree with?
A．The tides hitting Kiribati used to be bigger than they are now.
B．Most people in the world have never heard of global warming.
C．Nobody can keep away from the effects caused by climate changes.
D．Changes in this country will make you a climate change campaigner.
4．Climate changes have brought about the consequences EXCEPT ________.
A．Severe droughts and floods
B．abundant fresh water
C．fiercer storm and tide
D．changed living patterns of fish
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了基里巴斯共和国的基本情况，以及由于地势低气候变化会带来的影响。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段“with only 100,000 people”和“More than half of them live in the capital Tarawa”可知选D。
2．A 推理判断题。根据We are counting the days rather than the decades一句可知时间紧迫。
3．C 推理判断题。根据文章提到的“this is part of it, you're in it”可知我们都会受到气候变化的影响，不能置身于外。
4．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段droughts and floods will be more severe than in the past可知A正确；根据倒数第二段以及第二段可知C正确；根据倒数第三段Warmer seas could affect the migration patterns of fish一句可知D正确，故选B项。
Ⅴ.语法填空
As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving 1.________(steady) through the air，and although the passengers 2.________(fasten) their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forwards. At that moment, the air hostess presented. She looked very pale, 3.________was quite calm. Speaking quickly and almost in a whisper she informed everyone that the pilot had fainted and asked if 4.________of the passengers knew anything about machines. After a moment's hesitation，5.________man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that 6.________(send) by radio from the airport below. To everyone's relief, the plane, 7.________ was dangerously close to the ground at the moment, soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar 8.________the controls of the plane. The critical moment came 9.________ he had to land. The man，10.________(follow) the instructions, guided the plane toward the airfield, and it landed safely after a long run along the runway.
【答案】 1.unsteadily 2.had fastened 3.but 4.any
5．a 6.were being sent 7.which 8.with 9.when 10.following
☆佳作诵读
There are many great adventurers in the history of China and Zheng He was one of them. From 1405 to 1433, he made seven expeditions to the ocean, 1.reaching more than 30 countries in Southeast Asia and East Africa. And 2.it is said that he ①was likely to have been to Australia, a strange and faraway continent.
②As a result of his great achievement, the whole world ③came to realize advanced technology of the Chinese people in building ships and ④at the same time China strengthened its friendship with other countries. So every time I think of Zheng He, I feel very proud of our country and admire him very much. In my opinion, as students, we should work hard at our lessons and try to build our motherland into a powerful and rich country in the future.
☞好词积累
1．be likely to 很可能……
2．as a result of由于……
3．come to realize 开始意识到
4．at the same time同时
好句延展
1．大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。
It rained heavily, causing_severe_flooding_in_that_country.
2．据说海盗把他们的金银财宝埋藏在这个岛上。
It_is_said_that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.
1 单词拓展识记
一、单词与派生
1．________adj.较重要的；较严重的→________n．大多数；大部分
2．________adj.令人疲劳的→________adj.疲倦的，厌倦的→________vt.使疲倦；使疲劳
3．________n．团体，组织，机构→________v．组织
4．________adj.不舒服的，不自在的→________adj.舒服的→________n．&vt.安慰
5．________n．住所，住处→________vt.容纳
6．________vi.不同于，有区别→________n．不同之处→________adj.不同的
7．________adj.忧虑的，担心的→________n．焦虑，不安
8．________vt.冒……风险→________adj.冒险的
9．________n．量，数量→________adj.优质的，高质量的
10．________adj.极度的，极端的→________adv.极其地，极端地
11．________n．相似性，类似性→________adj.相似的
12．________adj.不同的，各种各样的→________n．品种；种类；变化
13．________n．配备，设备→________vt.装备，配备
14．________n．较喜欢的东西，偏爱→________v．喜欢
15．________vt.使惊愕(惊奇)→________adj.惊愕的，吃惊的→________adj.令人惊异的→________n．吃惊，惊愕
16．________vt.使困惑→________adj.困惑的→________adj.令人困惑的→________n．混乱；困惑
17．________adj.富有的，富裕的→________n．财富；富有
18．________n．陈述→________v．陈述
19．________n．志向，抱负→________adj.有远大志向的；有野心的
20．________adj.愉快的，高兴的→________n．&vt.欢呼
21．________vt.观察，观测→________n．观察
22．________n．不利，不利条件→________n．有利条件，长处
23．________n．幸存，残存→________vt.&vi.幸免于；幸存
24．________n．边界；限度→________adj.有限的
【答案】 1.major；majority 2.tiring；tired；tire 3.organisation；organise 4.uncomfortable；comfortable；comfort 5.accommodation；accommodate 6.differ；difference；different 7.anxious；anxiety 8.risk；risky 9.quantity；quality10．extreme；extremely 11.similarity；similar 12.various；variety 13.equipment；equip 14.preference；prefer 15.amaze；amazed；amazing；amazement 16.confuse；confused；confusing；confusion 17.wealthy；wealth 18.statement；state 19．ambition；ambitious 20.cheerful；cheer 21.observe；observation 22.disadvantage；advantage 23.survival；survive 24.limit；limited
二、典词语境填空
1．The umbrella is a poor shelter (遮蔽) from heavy rain.
2．He's sailed the seven seas in search of adventure(冒险).
3．I must tell you that his patience (耐心) has its limit.
4．The teacher did not explain its grammatical function(功能)．
5．She decided to rent out a room to get extra (额外的) income.
6．The doctor said the old man's condition was hopeless(没希望的)．
7．You can't pass an exam without preparation(准备).
9．That's not exactly (确切地) what I had in mind.
10．Nobody can prevent him from running the risk(冒险).
2 短语多维运用
一、互译练习
1．起飞 ____________
2．就在此刻
____________
3．为了(某一目的)
____________
4．颠倒地，倒置地
____________
5．出现，到场
____________
6．决定不履行(许诺的事)
____________
7．使理解(某事)
____________
8．in turn
____________
9．break out
____________
10．put into prison
____________
11．stand by
____________
12．on one's way
____________
13．break down
____________
14．run out of
____________
15．carry on
____________
【答案】 1.take off 2.right now 3.in order to
4．upside down 5.turn up 6.back out 7.get across
8．轮流 9.(坏事)突然发生，爆发 10.关进监狱
11．坚持(某种)说法 12.在途中 13.损坏，不能运转 14.用完，耗尽 15.继续做某事
二、用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The old man was taken care of by his children in_turn.
2．This is the message that we want to get_across to the public.
3．Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn_up.
4．By the time they got back to the camp, they had nearly run_out_of water.
5．This printer is of good quality. If it should break_down within the first year, we should repair it at our expense.
6．After his death, his children will certainly carry_on his career.
7．Everything in the house was turned upside_down for the cleaning.
8．How can you stand_by and let him treat his dog like that?
3 句式高仿演练
1．(教材P26)Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets.马可很惊讶地看到中国人在集市上使用纸币。
[句式仿写] 我看见那个人在操场上跑步。
I saw_the_man_running on the playground.
2．(教材P26)Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的有关中国的故事太离奇而不可信。
[句式仿写] 这部书写得太深奥了，让我读不懂。
This book is too_difficult_for_me_to_understand.
4 课文语法填空
Adventure in the Himalayas
1．________ (hike) trips can be uncomfortable and even dangerous. However，at Adventure 2000 people understand the needs of hikers. All the guides have much experience and they know all the 2.________ (good) routes and best places to camp. As well as the group guide，all teams have cooks and porters 3.________ carry your luggage，which 4.________ (mean) that you can 5.________ (simple) enjoy the experience.
The people there also think good arrangements are important. In Beijing and Lhasa，6.________ have accommodation in comfortable hotels.7.________ you don't want to go straight home after the hiking，you have optional choices. There is a trip to Western China 8.________ you can spend some time on the coast.
There is 9.________ Class A hike—you have to be fit. There are walks of six to eight hours most days，10.________ a maximum altitude of over 5,545 metres. Hikes are between October and May and maximum group size is 15 people.
【答案】 1.Hiking 2.best 3.who 4.means 5.simply6．they 7.If 8.or 9.a 10.with
1 高考真题演练
Ⅰ.完形填空——完成句子
(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ) But Simon decided to risk_his_life and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope.
但是西蒙决定冒生命危险用绳子把Joe放下山。
(教材P116)What makes people risk their lives to do them?
Ⅱ.阅读理解——完成句子
1．(2017·新课标全国卷I) With its focus divided，the lion becomes_confused and is unsure about what to do next.
由于注意力分散，狮子变得迷惑，不能确定接下来干什么。
(教材P26)He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.
2．(2017·福建高考)I was_amazed_that he'd come up with this sweet idea.
他提出如此好的想法使我感到吃惊。
(教材P26)Marco, in turn, was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was.
3．(2017·江苏高考)The specific expression of anger also differs_from_person_to_person based on biological and cultural forces.
愤怒的特定表情基于生物和文化原因因人而异。
(教材P23)How do the tourists differ from local people?
2 核心单词突破
differ vi.不同于，区别于
(教材P23)How do the tourists differ from local people?
游客与本地人有什么不同？(怎样区分游客与本地人？)
(1)differ from...与……不同
differ in...在……方面不同
differ with sb.与某人意见不同
(2)different adj.不同的，有差异的
(3)difference n．差异，差别
make a/no difference有/无影响
tell the difference between A and B
指出A与B的不同
The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character. 那对双胞胎兄弟外表相似，但性格却相差很大。
②This book differs_from that one in the writing style.
这本书和那本书的写作风格不同。
③I'm sorry to differ with you on that. 对不起，在那一点上我与你看法不同。
anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的
(教材P23) From that moment they started to feel anxious and they slept badly that night. 从那时起他们开始感到忧虑并且那晚他们失眠了。
(1)be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心
be anxious for sth.渴望某事
be anxious to do...渴望做……；急于做……
(2)anxiety n．焦虑，担心；渴望
with anxiety焦虑地
I am anxious about his safety. 我担心他的安全。
②He is anxious for promotion. 他很想得到提升。
③I was_anxious_for everything to be settled.
我渴望每一件事都被安排妥当。
risk vt.冒……的危险 n．危险，风险
(教材P116)What makes people risk their lives to do them？是什么促使人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢？
(1) risk doing sth.冒险做某事
(2) at risk处境危险；遭受危险
at one's (own) risk自负责任；自负后果
at the risk of doing sth.冒做某事的危险
run/take the/a risk(或run/take risks)冒险
①Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability. 而且，研究人员说，收入越高，伤残疾的风险越大。
②He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.
他为求职面试做了充分的准备，因为他不想冒风险失去这次好机会。
③Millions of lives in Africa and other poor areas are at_risk because of severe food shortages.
由于严重的食物短缺，非洲和其他贫穷地区的成百万人民的生命正处于危险之中。
④Will they go ahead with their plans, even at_the_risk_of offending the Americans?
他们将继续实施那项计划吗，甚至他们愿意冒着得罪美国人的风险去这么做吗？
confuse vt.混淆，弄乱；使困惑
(教材P26)He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel. 人们用来当燃料的黑色石头使他感到困惑。
(1)confuse sb. 使某人困惑
confuse A and/with B 把A和B混淆
(2)confused adj.感到困惑的(主语为人)
confusing adj.令人困惑的(主语为物)
in confusion 困惑地，迷茫地
throw sb. into confusion 使某人不知所措
I confused her with her sister because they are so alike. 我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。
②The room was in complete confusion. 这个房间乱七八糟。
quantity n．量，数量
(教材P27)He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一个城市，在那里铁被大量生产出来。
in quantity大量
quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……
a quantity of＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词/＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 大量……
①Quantities of food were spread out on the table.许多食品被摊放在桌子上。
②The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.大批量购买这些卡片要便宜些。
③A_large_quantity_of good earth is being washed away in this area every year.每年这个地区大量沃土被冲走。
distant adj.远处的；久远的；疏远的，不友好的，冷淡的；远亲的
(教材P28)Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.后来，这些石块证实：在远古时代，南极洲地区曾经被植物覆盖。
a distant relative远亲
distance n．距离，间距
in the distance在远处，在远方
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离
at a distance隔开一段距离
distance learning远程学习
World peace was just a distant hope.
和平只是遥不可及的希望而已。
②You can see the ancient ruins in_the_distance.
你在远处可以看到古代的废墟。
③I got a master's degree through distance learning.
通过远程学习我获得了硕士学位。
observe vt.&vi.观察；遵守；庆祝；评述，评论
(教材P30)Airconditioned vehicles for observing animals.观察动物的装有空调的交通车辆。
(1)observe ＋ sb. ＋ do/doing sth. 看到、察觉到某人做某事/正在做某事
observe sth.观察(注意到)某事物
observe the laws of the land遵守该国法律
observe festivals, birthdays, anniversaries, etc.庆祝节日、生日、周年等
(2)observer n．观察者，观测者；遵守者
observation n．观测，监测，观察，观察力
His neighbor observed a stranger enter his house and take away some valuables. 他的邻居看见一个陌生人进入他家，拿走了许多贵重物品。
②He was_observed_to pass by the store in a hurry. 有人发现他从商店旁边匆匆而过。
[温馨提示] observe属于感官动词，在主动语态中，作宾补的不定式不带to，但在被动语态中则必须用to。
various adj.不同的，各种各样的
(教材P24)You can find all these in the various extreme sports...
你可以在各种各样的极限运动中找到所有这些(速度、刺激和危险的感觉)……
(1)various views各种各样的观点
for various reasons因种种理由
(2)variety n．种种；种类；多样化
a variety of/varieties of多种多样的
(3)vary v．变化，不同
vary with...随……而变化
vary from...to...从……到……变化不等
At the class meeting, the students had various opinions.班会上，学生们提出了不同的意见。
②The weather varied_from_very_cold_to quite mild.
天气变化很大，会由很冷变得相当暖和。
preference n．偏爱，较喜欢的东西；喜爱
(教材P24)I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
(1)have a preference for偏爱，喜欢
give preference to优待
in preference to而不是
(2)prefer to do...rather than do...喜欢做……而不愿做……
prefer doing...to doing...喜欢做……而不喜欢做……
prefer that...(should) do sth.宁愿某人做某事
①Parents should not show preference for any one of their children. 父母不应该流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。
②You can never be too careful in performing_an_expriment.做实验越仔细越好。
amaze vt.使大为吃惊，使感到惊愕
(教材P26)Marco，in turn，was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was.
马可同时也被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。
amazed adj.(人)惊讶的，吃惊的
amazing adj.令人惊奇的
amazed look惊愕的表情
amazing news令人惊愕的消息
amazement n．惊愕
be amazed at/by sth.对……大为惊讶，感到惊异
be amazed to do sth.对做……感到惊讶
in amazement惊愕地
to one's amazement＝to the amazement of sb.使某人惊愕的是
We were_amazed_by/at_the_news of his sudden death.
他突然去世的消息使我们感到惊愕。
Dave amazed_his_friends by suddenly getting married.
戴夫突然间结婚，令朋友们非常吃惊。
To my amazement，they seemed amazed at the amazing news，and looked at me in amazement.
让我吃惊的是，他们听到这个令人惊讶的消息时似乎大吃一惊，并惊讶地看着我。
limit n．& v．限制，限度，限定
(教材P31)The speed limit is 40 miles per hour.
规定的最高时速为40英里。
the speed/weight/time limit限速/限重/限时
upper/lower limit上/下限
within (one's) limits在一定限度内，在某种程度上
beyond the limit超过限度
without limit无限制地
set a limit to限制……
limit sth. to sth.把某事限制在……之内
①There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.
我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的。
②Let the guests drink freely within_limit.
客人可以在限额内随意饮用。
[单词多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
amaze，disadvantage，observe，limit，differ，，distant，quantity，risk，anxious，confuse
1．My lack of practical experience was a disadvantage.
2．His opinion differs from mine in one respect.
3．There are large quantities of food in the cupboard.
4．I don't wonder you were anxious about their safety.
5．The question is so hard, and we're getting confused.
6．By criticizing her boss, she risked losing her job.
7．My company is five miles distant from my home.
8．What's the speed limit on the motorway?
9．Do they observe Christmas Day in that country?
10．I was amazed by the news of George's sudden death.
Ⅱ.介词填空
1．differ万花筒
①Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak.
②Foreign auto makers differ in their response to the slowdown.
③What you have told me may make a difference to my own position.
④Although they differ in character with each other，it does not make much difference to their friendship.
2．vary巧搭配
①Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
②And the answer must vary with these presumed circumstances.
③The goods in the supermarket vary in size，color and price.
Ⅲ.observe巧运用
1．用所给词的适当形式填空
①When I passed his house，I observed him playing(play) in his yard.
②He is often observed to_cheat(cheat)at cards.
③The woman was observed to_follow(follow) him closely.
2．完成句子
④Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still_observe_the_traditional_customs(仍奉行传统的习俗)．
Ⅳ.anxious多面体
1．用anxious适当形式填空
①We waited for news with a growing sense of ________.
②I am ________ to compare my fancy with reality.
2．用anxious适当短语完成句子
③孩子们放学后没有回家，我非常担心。
I ________ the children when they didn't come back home from school.
④每个国家的老百姓都渴望世界和平。
The common man in every country ________ world peace.
⑤他渴望早点从学校毕业在社会上谋生。
He ________ finish school and make his own way in the world.
⑥我们焦急地等待考试结果。
We waited ________ for our examination results.
【答案】anxiety ②anxious ③was anxious about ④is anxious for ⑤was anxious to ⑥with anxiety
Ⅴ.confuse变形记
用confuse适当形式填空
(1)They asked so many questions that they ________ me.
(2)The question is so hard, and we're getting ________.
(3)The number of different rates can be ________.
(4)We were thrown into ________ by the news.
【答案】 (1)confused (2)confused (3)confusing
(4)confusion
Ⅵ.distance活运用
1．用distance适当形式填空
①My company is five miles ________ from my home.
②The athlete got over the ________ in ten minutes.
2．用distance相关短语完成句子
③汽车的声音消失在远方。
The noise of the car died away ________.
④商店离他们住所有一段路。
The shops were ________ from where they lived.
【答案】distant ②distance ③in the distance ④at a distance
3 精典短语研析
take off脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)；起飞；动身，离开；减去
(教材P116)．..especially when you take off!
……尤其是当你坐的飞机起飞的时候！
take away拿走；消除(感情、痛苦等)
take back收回(言语)
take down写下，记下
take on呈现；具有；雇用
take over接收，接管
take in领会，理解；吸收；欺骗
take out拿出；去掉
take up拿起；开始(从事于)；占据(时间、空间)
①The prisoner was taken away by an armed guard.一个持枪的狱警把犯人带走了。
②The salesman finds it easy to take_in_old_ladies.这个推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。
③This thing took up much of my time.这件事占用了我很多时间。
④In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.他立刻脱下大衣跳进了水里。
turn up出场，到场；开大(音量，水等)
(教材P25)When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.当我站在跳台上开始我的第一跳时，我紧张得真想退出，但我的朋友们说服了我去克服它。
turn away打发走；禁止入内
turn around翻身，转身
turn down拒绝；调小
turn into变成
turn out生产；结果是；证明是；出席，在场
turn over移交
turn on/off打开/关掉
turn to sb.向某人求助
①He promised to come at seven, but he has not turned up yet.他答应七点来，但是他还未出现。
②There was no single person whom she can turn_to in the dark street.在漆黑的大街上没有一个她能够求助的人。
③It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.她原来是我姐姐的一个朋友。
get across使理解(某事)；使明白，表达，通过
(教材P25)It's difficult to get across how exciting it is!
很难表达那是多么令人激动！
get away from从……脱离；逃脱
get away with(做了某事)而不受惩罚；携带……跑掉
get over克服；恢复
get down to开始；着手
get sb. down使沮丧；使悲伤
get round/around走动；(消息)传开
①Did your speech get across to the crowd?
你的演说听众理解吗？
②If everyone keeps in line, we'll get through the customs more quickly.
如果大家都遵守秩序，我们会很快通过海关。
③She seemed to have got_over her distress.
她似乎摆脱了她的悲痛心情。
break down损坏，不能运转；击倒；失败；失去控制；把……分解
(教材P28)First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。break in闯入；插话，打断
break away from突然挣脱，摆脱
break out(坏事)突然发生，爆发
break through冲破，突破；克服，战胜
break up破碎；解散；结束；(学校)期终放假[巧学巧记]
① Mr. McMahon's daughter broke down—she said you told her he had cancer.麦克马洪先生的女儿要垮掉了——她说你告诉她他得了癌症。
② The sun broke through at last in the afternoon.下午太阳终于拨云而出。
③Don't break_in when the adventurer is telling his own story.
当冒险家在讲他自己的经历时，别打断他。
back out决定不履行(允诺的事)；食言；退出
(教材P25)When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.
当我站在跳台上进行第一跳时，我紧张得真想退出，但是朋友们说服了我要坚持下来。
back away 向后退，退缩，躲开
back down放弃(观点、意见、要求等)；承认(错误)；认输
back off 后退；不再逼迫(某人)做(考虑)某事
back up支持，证实
①Once you have given your words, don't try to back out.
一旦答应了人家，就不要食言。
②I hope I can depend on you not to back_out at the last moment.
我希望你绝对不会在最后的时刻变卦。
③The bus had to back up and turn around.
公共汽车得往后退，再拐过来。
run out of用尽，用光，耗尽
(教材P28)The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.队员们很快就筋疲力尽而且粮食也都吃光了。
run out结束，期满，耗尽；使……出局
run out of sth.用完某物
run across无意间碰到
run into碰撞；遇上，偶然遇到
run after追逐，追求
run away逃跑
①I'm afraid we've run out of the petrol.
我们的汽油恐怕已用完了。
②We went too fast round the corner and ran_into a lamppost.
我们拐弯的时候太快了，撞到了路灯柱上。
[短语多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
take off，turn up，get across，break down，run out of
1．He taught me how to get_across my idea.
2．Peter liked to see planes take_off from the airport.
3．The aircraft will run_out_of fuel in another hour.
4．The telephone system has broken_down.
5．We waited for 30 minutes and finally he turned_up.
Ⅱ.用turn短语的适当形式填空
1．She turned_up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall.
2．I would，indeed，turn the evidence over to the police.
3．New technologies have made it possible to turn_out new products faster and at a lower cost.
4．Don't turn_off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.
5．If nothing is done，the ocean will turn_into fish desert.
Ⅲ.用get短语的适当形式填空
1．It's wrong of you to get_around the regulation.
News soon got_around that he had resigned.
2．Have you got_over the scare you had yesterday?
3．He sometimes has trouble getting his meaning across in English.
4．She got_away_from the dog but she had bite marks on her leg.
Ⅳ.用take适当短语完成句子
1．对不起，我收回我说过的话。
I'm sorry, I ________ what I said.
2．他把老师说的所有的话都记了下来。
He ________ everything the teacher said.
3．每个人都上了名单。
The list ________ everyone.
4．我们发现他教的东西很难理解。
We find it difficult to ________ what he teaches.
5．他取下眼镜， 抬头看了看。
He ________ his glasses and looked up.
6．她的脸上露出了新的表情。
Her face ________ a new expression.
7．你愿意让我接替你开一会儿车吗？
Would you like me to ________
the driving for a while?
8．本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
This chapter ________ where the last one left off.
9．这桌子太占地方了。
The table ________ too much room.
【答案】 1.take back 2.took down 3.takes in 4.take in 5.took off 6.took on 7.take over 8.takes up 9.takes up
Ⅴ.用break适当短语完成句子
1．谁把我们教室的门打坏了？
Who ________ the doors of our classroom?
2．他插了话， 说了说自己的一些看法。
He ________ with some ideas of his own.
3．他们冲进监狱，释放了所有的囚犯。
They ________ the prison and set all the prisoners free.
4．去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。
More than one hundred fires ________ in our city last year.
5．你们必须破除这些旧风俗。
You must ________ these old customs.
【答案】 1.broke down 2.broke in 3.broke into
4．broke out 5.break away from
4 典型句式剖析
(教材P26)Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets.马可很惊讶地看到中国人在集市上使用纸币。
[句式分析] 句中see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。
在see，hear，find，watch，notice，observe等感官动词之后既可跟现在分词作宾语补足语，又可跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语(但在被动语态中不能省略to)，还可跟过去分词作宾语补足语。
①I hate to see you leave so soon.
我真不想让你这么快就离开。
②At dusk, I found_him_crying in the street.
黄昏时，我发现他在街上哭。
③I heard her playing the piano in the next room.
我听见她在隔壁弹钢琴。
(教材P26)Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的有关中国的故事太离奇而不可信。
[句式分析]该句中使用了too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。
(1)too...to...句式中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情绪等的形容词，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。
(2)如果too前有否定词never或not(即never/not too...to...)，或者不定式前有not(即too...not to do...)时，这两种形式均表示肯定意义。
①It was too hot a day for us to work.
天太热了，我们不能干活。
②He is too weak to carry the box.
＝He isn't strong enough to carry the box.
＝He is so weak that he can't carry the box.
他太弱了，搬不动这个箱子。
③They seemed to be too nervous and were too anxious to leave.
他们看起来非常紧张，并且急于离开。
[句式多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．有人看见他带走了那本书。
He was_seen_to take away that book.
2．当我们到那里时，看到她在和邻居聊天。
When we arrived there, we saw_her_chatting_with her neighbors.
3．他们很乐意地去做这项工作。
They are all too_satisfied_to_go and do this work.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．You're never old to enjoy a Christmas stocking.
________________________________________________
2．The problem is very hard for a child to understand.
________________________________________________
3．When I passed her room, I saw her clean her room.
________________________________________________
【答案】 1.old前面加too 2.very→too 3.clean→cleaning
通关微语法
动作动词与状态动词、限定性定语从句和
非限定性定语从句
在复习动作动词和状态动词的过程中重点把握动作动词和状态动词的应用环境，以及表达的意义；限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句重点把握两者的区别，以及关系词的应用。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空
1．I________(suppose)it will rain，for there are a lot of clouds in the sky.
2．The sights of the city never fail to___(impress)foreign tourists.
3．The album________(contain)many memorable songs.
4．She________(resemble)her sister in looks.
5．I________(suspect)they are very disappointed.
6．They________(possess)property all over the world.
7．He________(understand)how hard things have been for you.
8．They________(discuss)how to collect money in the next room now.
9．I________(leave)for Shanghai tomorrow morning.
10．He________(sleep)on the sofa now，for his parents have come for the weekend.
【答案】 1.suppose 2.impress 3.contains 4.resembles 5．suspect 6.possess 7.understands 8.are discussing9. am leaving/will leave 10.is sleeping
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．This is the factory where we visited last week.
________________________________________________
2．This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
________________________________________________
3．The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
________________________________________________
4．The house in that we live is very small.
________________________________________________
5．The sun gives off light and warmth，that makes it possible for plants to grow.
________________________________________________
6．I've read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
________________________________________________
7．This is the best film which I have ever seen.
________________________________________________
8．My father and Mr.Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
________________________________________________
9．Everything which we saw was of great interest.
________________________________________________
10．His dog，that was now very old，became ill and died.
________________________________________________
【答案】 1.where→that/which或去掉where 2.把for放在looking之后 3. who→whom 4. that→which 5. that→which 6.which→that或去掉which 7.which→that或去掉which 8.who→that 9.which→that或去掉which 10.that→which
谋篇微写作
话题8——生活体验
【写作素材】
1．魏华和他的弟弟魏童想体验与他们自己的文化不同的澳大利亚文化。(differ from)
2．使父母理解了他们的意思。(get across)
3．经父母的同意，他们决定乘坐周日起飞的航班。(take off)
4．到澳洲后，他们对那里各种各样的娱乐设施、活动及大量的羊感到惊讶。他们玩得很开心。(various；quantities of；amazed)
【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇英语短文)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Wei Hua together with Wei Tong，his brother，wanted to experience Australian culture which differs from theirs. They got their idea across to their parents. With their parents' permission，they decided to
take the plane which took off on Sunday. After reaching Australia，they were amazed at various kinds of entertainment equipment，activities and quantities of sheep there. They had great fun.
课时提升练(八)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We were ________(anxiety) for your safe arrival.
2．The scientist ________(观察) the behavior of the mice after they were given the drug.
3．His years of experience at the job put me at a ________ (advantage)．
4．He d________ with his brother about a political question.
5．You have________ (confusing) the meanings of the two words.
6．The explorer was an expert at ________ (survive) in the wilderness.
7．His excuses were ________ (各种各样的), but none was convincing.
8．There is a speed l________of 5 m．p.h.in towns.
9．It________ (amazing) me to hear that you were leaving.
10．What kind of ________ (食宿) did you have on the ship?
【答案】 1.anxious 2.observed 3.disadvantage 4.differed 5.confused 6.survival 7.various 8.limit 9.amazed 10.accommodation
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我非常高兴能被邀请参加你的生日聚会。(too...to...)
I'm too_glad_to_be_invited to your birthday party.
2．我怎样才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？(get)
How can I get_it_across to you how important this is?
3．你认为接下来我们应该做什么？(插入语)
What do_you_think we should do next?
4．我费了好大劲才说服他放弃抽烟。(have difficulty in)
I had_much_difficulty_(in)_persuading him into giving up smoking.
5．刘大成在电视上亮相后歌唱事业迅速腾飞。(take)
Liu Dacheng's singing career took_off after his TV appearance.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
“You are going to the United States to live? How wonderful! You are really lucky.”
Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it true all the time? Is your life in the new country always wonderful and exciting?
Specialists say that it isn't easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. “There are three stages of culture shock，”say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and，as a result，enjoy their life more.
There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems, the telephone, post office, or transportation may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity.
They have to build a new selfimage.
Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
[语篇解读]文章介绍了去国外留学并不是人们想象的那样美好，去国外留学要经历文化差异的影响，并具体列举了可能存在的影响。
1．When people move to a new country, they ________.
A．will get used to their new surroundings with difficulty
B．have well prepared for their new surroundings
C．will get used to the culture of the country quickly
D．will never be familiar with the culture of the country
【解析】 由文章第三段第一句“Specialists say that it isn't easy to get used to life in a new culture.”得出答案。
【答案】 A
2．According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except ________.
A．language communication
B．weather conditions and customs
C．public service systems
D．homesickness
【解析】 根据第四段叙述可知主要是天气、语言交流、共同设施体系等几个方面，但是没有提到homesickness。
【答案】 D
3．According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, ________.
A．the fewer difficulties you may have abroad
B．the more difficulties you may have abroad
C．the more money you'll earn abroad
D．the less homesick you'll feel abroad
【解析】 由文章第五段可知，最能感受到文化冲击的人是在家乡及社会团体中最成功的人，因为他们一切都要从头开始。
【答案】 B
4．When people are homesick，they tend to ________.
A．find some people to talk to
B．go outside to have a walk
C．visit their friends far away
D．stay indoors all the time
【解析】 根据最后一段When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time.一句可知选D项。
【答案】 D
B
(2015·大连48中第一次模拟)Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband's name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish to them.
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了作者的丈夫去悉尼后行李箱丢了，一家好心人在垃圾箱发现了丈夫的一些文件归还的故事。
5．What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?
A．Go shopping.
B．Find a house.
C．Join his family.
D．Take a vacation.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段．..stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.一句可知B正确。
【答案】 B
6．The girl's parents got Rashid's phone number from________.
A．a friend of his family
B．a Sydney policeman
C．a letter in his papers
D．a stranger in Sydney
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段At last they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.一句可知选C。
【答案】 C
7．What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Showed.B．Sent out.
C．Delivered.
D．Gave back.
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据句子和文章叙述可知应该是“归还”了重要的文件。
【答案】 D
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．From India to Australia.
B．Living in a New Country.
C．Turning Trash to Treasure.
D．In Search of New Friends.
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章主要围绕好心的一家人在垃圾箱发现了作者丈夫的重要文件，因此C正确。
【答案】 C
Ⅳ. 阅读填句
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.__1__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
1．Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious.__2__ Ask kids，“What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time?
2．Creativity
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.__3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
3．Interpersonal Skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.__4__ “Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”
4．Self Expression
__5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
A．Encourage kids to cook with you.
B．And we can't forget science education.
C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?
E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
【答案】 1—5 DACFG
Ⅴ.短文改错
Dear Peter，
I'm very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.
Locating
in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation，our private car will make your visits difficult.Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities, I'm sure you will have no trouble to communicating with them.Above all, they hosted the American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.In addition, the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.
Hope you enjoy your stay here.
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter，
I'm very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged
you to stay with.
in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house
big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation， private car will make your visits
.Because all the family members can speak
English and have outgoing personalities, I'm sure you will have no trouble to communicating with them.Above all, they hosted
American student last year, through
they gained lots of experience.In addition, the
cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.
Hope you enjoy your stay here.
Yours，
Li Hua
☆佳作诵读
With the improvement of the living standard, there has been a tendency that people begin to ①turn to motorcycles.
However, in my opinion, we should encourage people to ②keep on riding bicycles.
Firstly，bicycles cause little pollution to the environment.1.Since a bicycle is much quieter than a motorcycle，it doesn't cause noise pollution.And a bicycle never sends out harmful gas into the air. Secondly, either in the process of being made bicycle or used，they consume much less energy than motorcycles. Thirdly, riding bicycles ③does good to our health. It is an economical and effective method available to do physical training. Riding bicycles can build our body and keep us fit.
④Due to the reasons mentioned above, 2.it can be concluded that riding bicycles is really good for an individual as well as the whole society.
☞好词积累
1．turn to转向；求助于
2．keep on doing继续做某事
3．do good to对……有好处
4．due to由于
好句延展
1．既然你不能回答这个问题，我再问另一个。
Since_you_can't_answer_the_question,_I'll_ask_you_another_one.
2．可以得出结论，新街道引进路灯没有降低犯罪率。
It_can_be_concluded_that the introduction of new street lighting did not reduce reported crime.
1 单词拓展识记
一、单词与派生
1．________vi.&n.得益；好处→________adj.有好处的
2．________adj.方便的，便利的→________n．方便，便利
3．________n．后果，结果→________adj.因此而引起的
4．________vi.争辩，争吵→________n．理由；依据；争论，争辩
5．________adj.善解人意的；敏感的→________n．感觉
6．________n．责任，负责，职责→________adj.负责的→________n．反应
7．________n．印象，感觉→________vt.给某人深刻印象，使铭记→________adj.令人印象深刻的，感人的
8．________adj.可靠的→________vi.依靠，依赖
9．________adv.实际地；真实地→________adj.实际的
10．________vt.感谢；欣赏→________n．感激，评价
11．________n．建筑；建筑物→________v．建造，建设
12．________vt.承认，供认→________n．承认；允许进入
13．________adj.沉溺于……的→________n．对……入迷的人；瘾君子→________n．瘾，嗜好→________adj.使人上瘾的
14．________vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)→________n．职业
15．________vt.适合→________adj.适合的
16．________adj.时常发生的→________adv.频繁地
【答案】 1.benefit；beneficial 2.convenient；convenience 3.consequence；consequent 4.argue；argument 5.sensitive；sense 6.responsibility；responsible；response 7.impression；impress；impressive 8.reliable；rely 9.actually；actual 10.appreciate；appreciation 11.construction；construct 12.admit；admission 13.addicted；addict；addiction；addictive 14.occupy；occupation 15.suit；suitable 16.frequent；frequently
二、典词语境填空
1．We'll get there somehow(以某种方式), by boat or otherwise.
2．He was very tired, and therefore (因此) he didn't give the market report.
3．Most athletes are above par in physical(身体的) conditions.
4．He gave her a fifth of the total amount(数量).
5．I like the style of his writing but I don't like the content(内容)．
6．You can look up this word in the vocabulary(词汇表).
7．The police worked out a plan to catch the thief(小偷).
8．Silk is indeed (的确)a good bet in summer clothing.
9．After a fierce (激烈的) fight，the enemy yielded to us.
10．You can't arrest (逮捕) me! There must be some mistake!
2 短语多维运用
一、互译练习
1．和……有联系 ________________
2．通过，经过 ________________
3．紧张的，有压力的
________________
4．和……相比
________________
5．总之，最后
________________
6．沉迷于，沉醉于
________________
7．使……复活/苏醒
________________
8．不愉快的，厌烦的
________________
9．work out
________________
10．rely on
________________
11．pull up
________________
12．pull out
________________
13．so far
________________
14．take place
________________
15．go up
________________
16．on average
________________
【答案】 1.be in touch with 2.go through 3.(be)stressed out 4.compared to/with 5.in conclusion
6．be obsessed with/be addicted to 7.bring...to life
8．fed up 9.锻炼身体，做运动；制订出；计算出 10.依靠，依赖 11.(车辆)停止，停车 12.(火车)驶离车站，出站 13.迄今为止 14.发生，举行 15.上升 16.平均，通常
二、用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．On_average,15 dollars'worth of goods is stolen every day.
2．In_conclusion he wished us very success in our work.
3．Her son is_addicted_to computer games.
4．He got fed_up with all the travelling he had to do.
5．What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took_place?
6．Each country must therefore rely_on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
7．The train slowly pulled_out,_but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused.
8．We'll have to work_out how much food we'll need for the party.
3 句式高仿演练
1．(教材P42)How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry？我们多久就会有一次在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下去上班或者去上学？
[句式仿写] 那些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。
These travelers returned to the hotel, tired_and_sleepy.
2．(教材P43)Think before you go. 想好了再去。
[句式仿写] 你去开会之前，咱们能私下说句话吗？
Could we have a word before_you_go_to_the_meeting?
3. (教材P46)．..it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.
……只有很富有的人才买得起车。
[句式仿写] 是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次遇到史密斯先生。
It_was_in_New_Zealand_that_Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.
4 课文语法填空
Return of the white bikes!
People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years. 1.________ is a good city for cycling 2.________ it is flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.
In 3.________ 1960s，a group of cycling fans had an idea. They 4.________ (think) it would be better if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. 5.________ painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of neighborhoods for people to use. Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.6.________ the problem was that thieves took all the bicycles within weeks.
However，7.________ (much) than thirty years later，the “ white bike” is back in town. The new“white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours. Now there is already 8.________ (little) traffic in central Amsterdam. Indeed，thanks to the ideas of lots of people，like the 9.________ (cycle) fans in the 1960s，many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets 10.________ cars for many years.
【答案】 1.It 2.because 3.the 4.thought 5.They 6.But 7.more 8.less 9.cycling 10.without
1 高考真题演练
Ⅰ.完形填空——完成句子
(2017·天津高考)I started to appreciate_the_tough_choices she had to make on balancing family and work.
我开始感激她不得不在兼顾家庭和工作上做艰难选择。
(教材P41)Then tell her about this offer. She will appreciate it.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——完成句子
1．(2017·安徽高考)I would argue_against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different.
我会反对抄袭以前的建筑风格，选择一些新颖的不同的风格。
(教材P37)argue with someone
2．(2017·四川高考)Mom and Dad were_occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me，and they did!
妈妈和爸爸在花园里忙，爸爸让警察照看我，他们收留了！
(教材P43)On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirtythree cars.
3．(2017·重庆高考)Keeping a diary can help you work_out your daily food intake more accurately.
写日记能帮你更精确地计算出你每天的食物摄入量。
(教材P37)Work out in the gym.
2 核心单词突破
benefit n．&vi.得益，好处
(教材P36)People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years. 在阿姆斯特丹，人们已经受益于自行车好多年。
(1)benefit sb.使某人受益
benefit from/by
从……中受益
(2)be of (great) benefit (to...)
(对……)(大)有禆益
for the benefit of...
为了……的利益
(3)beneficial adj.
有益的；有好处的
be beneficial to sb.
对某人有益
Kieran Hepburn, 14, is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.
基兰·赫本，14岁，是一群班伯里年轻人中的一个，到目前为止他已经从这个项目中受益。
②Big Brothers Big Sisters has_been_of_great_benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. 大哥大姐俱乐部给艾米丽和萨两个人都带来了极大的好处和快乐。
③Daily exercise is greatly beneficial to your health.
＝Daily exercise is of great benefit to your health.
＝Daily exercise greatly benefits your health.
＝Your health greatly benefits from daily exercise.
每天锻炼非常有益于你的健康。
convenient adj.方便的，便利的
(教材P36)It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and therefore is convenient for bikes. 因地势平坦而对骑自行车来说很方便，所以这是一个骑自行车的好城市。
(1) if convenient如果方便的话
It is convenient for sb.to do...对某人来说做某事很方便
(2) convenience n．方便；便利；便利的事物
at one's convenience在某人方便时
for convenience为方便起见
for the convenience of为了方便……
[温馨提示] (1)convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于It is convenient for sb.to do...这一句型中。
(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。
Students think it is convenient for them to communicate with the outside world by using cell phones.
学生们认为用手机与外界交流很方便。
②I hope you can send me an answer at_your_convenience.我希望你能在方便的时候给我回信。
appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；珍惜；感激
(教材P41)Then tell her about this offer. She will appreciate it.那么告诉她有关于这次帮助的事，她会感激不尽的。
(1)appreciate doing...感激做……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激
in appreciation of欣赏；感激
Then I'd appreciate it if you didn't wear them in class.
如果你上课时不戴它我将不胜感激。
The successful man appreciates_(his)_experiencing such a hard suffering.
那位成功的男子感激他经历了那场不幸。
[温馨提示] (1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。
(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。
(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。
admit vt. 承认，供认；接纳，容纳；招收
(教材P43) I admit：I'm addicted to my car.
我承认：我对汽车很痴迷。
(1)admit doing/having done sth.承认做过某事
admit sb.to/into准许某人进入/加入
be admitted to被录取进入
be admitted as作为……被接受
It is generally admitted that...一般认为……
(2)admission n．准许进入；入场券，入场费；承认
I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.我应当承认我过去自私地生活着，但是，一个机遇改变了我。
②He admitted stealing/having stolen the bicycle.
他承认偷了自行车。
③He was_admitted_to hospital suffering from burns.
他由于烧伤，被送入医院治疗。
addicted adj.沉溺于……的
(教材P43)I admit：I'm addicted to my car.
我承认：我对汽车很痴迷。
(1)be addicted to对……有瘾；热衷于……
(2)addiction n．入迷；上瘾
addictive adj.上瘾的
(3)addict v．使沉溺；使成瘾 n．入迷的人
addict oneself to沉溺于
Now many children addict_themselves_to/are_addicted_to computer games. 许多孩子现在迷上了电脑游戏。
It doesn't take a long time to become addicted to these drugs. 服用这些毒品不用很长时间就会上瘾。
occupy vt.占有；居住；占用(时间，空间等)
(教材P43)On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirtythree cars.平均每辆公共汽车可坐40人，而相同数量的人却需要乘坐33辆小汽车。
(1)occupation n．工作；职业；占据
(2)be occupied 房间、座位、床位等被占用；被占有
be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事
occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事
be occupied with sth.从事忙于某事
Helen was fully occupied with business matters, so we didn't want to bother her.
海伦全身心地忙于公务，所以我们不想打扰她。
②Mo Yan is_occupied_in_writing his autobiography.
莫言正忙于写自传。
suit v．适合 n．衣服，套装
(教材P43)Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做适合你的这些事情中的任意一些/件。
(1)suit...to...使……适合于……
(2)be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
(3)a suit of一套/副
①This position is_equally_suitable_for_a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.
这个职位同样适合学校毕业生或有办公室工作经验的人。
②I think you should suit the action to the word.我认为你应该言行一致。
[易混辨析]
suit/match/fit
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等
match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配
fit 多指大小、形状的合适
③When decorating the room you should see to it that the carpets________the curtains.
④As far as I see, a green dress won't________her.
⑤The shoes are too large to________me well.
【答案】 ③match ④suit ⑤fit
consequence n．结果，后果
(教材P37)a past activity that has some consequences in the present.过去的行为对现在造成后果。
answer for the consequences对后果负责
as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of＝as a result of由于，因为……的缘故
be of no/little consequence (to sb.)对……无关紧要
take/suffer/bear the consequences of承担……的后果
in consequence结果
①He studied hard, and in consequence/as a consequence he passed the exam.
他学习努力，因此通过了考试。
②Many believe that poverty is a_direct_consequence of overpopulation.
许多人认为贫穷是人口过剩带来的直接后果。
content n．内容；目录；容量；满足 adj.满足的；满意的 vt.使满足
(教材P39)contents of your luggage
你行李里面的东西
content作形容词，通常作表语、后置定语或状语；作前置定语时要用contented，如a contented expression满足的表情；在充当表语表示“非常满意”时，用be well content而不能用be very content。
be content to do sth.＝be willing/ready to do sth.乐意做某事；满足于做某事
be content with sth.＝be satisfied/pleased with sth.对某事满意/满足
content oneself with sth.满足于……；对……感到满意
①He is always content to keep me company when I am alone at home.
我一个人在家的时候他总是愿意陪伴着我。
②Its formal, serious style closely matches its content...
它的正式严肃的形式与它的内容相称……
③We should never only content_ourselves_with book knowledge.
我们不能仅满足于书本知识。
impression n．印象
(教材P40)I want people to have a good impression of solar cars.
我想让人们对太阳能汽车有个好印象。
first impression第一印象
give sb. an...impression＝ make a/an...impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象
leave a/an...impression on sb.给某人留下……印象
have a/an...impression of...对……有……的印象
impress v．使人印象深刻
impress sb.with sth.＝impress sth. on sb. ……给某人留下印象，使明白重要性
be impressed by/at/with sth.欣赏；使印象深刻；被打动
The new teacher made_a_good_impression_on the students.
新老师给学生留下了一个好印象。
She impresses her teacher with her diligence.
她的勤奋给老师的印象很深。
amount n．数目，数量，总额vi.合计，共计
(教材P42)Amount of TV advertising：
电视广告的数量：
(1)a large/small amount of大/少量的
large/small amounts of大/少量的
in large amounts大量地
(2)amount to合计；共计；等同于
①They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a_huge_amount_of debt.即使负担一大笔债务，但不管怎样，他们都会送孩子去上大学。
②A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.
＝Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
这座桥花了很多钱。
[单词多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
content，benefit，occupy，impression，argue，consequence，appreciate，addicted，admit，convenient
1．The new hospital will benefit the entire community.
2．The Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other.
3．Her time is fully occupied with her three children.
4．The children are addicted to computer games.
5．Women were only admitted into the club last year.
6．As a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently.
7．If you could answer my calls I'd appreciate it.
8．We argued her out of going on such a dangerous journey.
9．My first impression of him was favourable.
10．He seems to be quite content with his life at present.
Ⅱ.argue万花筒
1．Mary argued Tom into buying a new car.
2．It is beyond argument that dictionary belongs to Lucy.
3．He was arguing with his brother about_how they should spend the money.
4．They argued for the right to strike.
5．We argued against the sevenday week.
Ⅲ.benefit多面体
同义句改写
The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
(1)The_new_regulation_will_be_beneficial_to_everyone_concerned.(用beneficial改写句子)
(2)Everyone_concerned_will_benefit_from_the_new_regulation.(用benefit from改写句子)
(3)The_new_regulation_will_benefit_everyone_concerned.(用benefit改写句子)
Ⅳ.admit活运用
1．同义句改写
He had to admit that he had done wrong.(用动名词改写句子)
He_had_to_admit_having_done_wrong.
2．—Did Jack admit_having_taken (承认拿走了) some books without telling anybody?
—Yes，he did. He said he took three books.
Ⅴ.convenient巧应用
1．用convenient适当形式填空
①I'd like to see you whenever it's ________.
②It's a great ________ to live in town.
2．完成句子
③很多人在网上购物只是图个方便。
Many people buy things online just ________.
④请在方便时回信。
Please send me an answer ________.
⑤能够使用电脑对我们很方便。
________ to be able to use computers.
【答案】convenient ②convenience ③for convenience ④at your convenience ⑤It is convenient for us
Ⅵ.addicted变形记
1．用addicted适当形式填空
①I'm a cartoon ________！ I watch them all day.
②The children are ________ to computer games.
③Why is it that I find chocolate so ________？
④Drug ________ is a dangerous canker in society.
2．完成句子
⑤你一旦接触海洛因，你就会上瘾的。
Once you touch heroin, you will ________ it.
⑥他吸毒成瘾使他走上了犯罪的道路。
His ________ drugs put him to the road of crime.
【答案】addict ②addicted ③addictive
④addiction ⑤be addicted to ⑥becoming addicted to
3 精典短语研析
fed up(对……)厌烦
(教材P36)What have you been doing？You look fed up！你一直在忙什么？你看上去很厌烦！
be fed up with...对……厌烦
feed up给……吃营养食物；养肥；使吃饱
feed on...以……为主食，以……当饲料
feed...on/with...用……喂养……
①I'm rather fed_up_with your complaints.
我听够了你的牢骚．
②She'll be a bit fed up if you don't telephone to her.
如果你不给她打电话，她会不高兴的。
pull up使(车等)停止；停车；拔出，拔掉(杂草等)
(教材P39)She pulled up suddenly.她突然停车了。
pull away开走，(使)离开
pull over(车辆)停在路边
pull apart把……拉开
pull off成功做(困难的事)；脱掉(衣服等)
pull out 拔出，取出；(火车)离站；撤离
①The train slowly pulled_out,_but not about a thousand yard when it suddenly paused.
火车慢慢驶出来了，但走了不到一千码便突然停了下来。
②The driver pulled up his car immediately when the traffic light turned red at the crossing.
十字路口红灯一亮，那位司机立刻把车停了下来。
work out 锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答，计算出；产生结果，成功地发展；制订出
(教材P37)Work out in the gym.在健身房锻炼。
work on从事……；继续……
work at从事，致力于……
work as充当，作为……而工作
at/out of work在工作/失业
①We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn't work out as planned.
我们本想中午前完成任务，但结果并没像计划的那样。
②She is_working_on a new book.
她正在忙着写一本新书。
rely on依靠，依赖；指望
(教材P38)“I'd better take more responsibility for my own life，” she thinks. “I rely on Hao Qi too much！”
“我最好还是为我自己的生活多承担点责任，”她想，“我太依赖郝奇了！”
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 相信/指望某人会做某事
rely on/upon sb. doing sth.相信/指望某人会做某事
rely on/upon sb./sth.依赖，依靠
rely on it that...相信/指望……
reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的
[温馨提示] rely on与depend on，see to等词后如需要用that从句作宾语时，必须用it作形式宾语。
Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help/to help us.
如今，我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
②You may rely_on_it_that I shall always help you.
你要相信我会一直帮助你的。
be related to...与……相关，与……有联系/有关联；与……有亲戚/血缘关系
(教材P42)Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
一些类型的癌症和交通污染有关。
relate to与……关联/相关；了解，体恤，relate为不及物动词
relate...to...把……与……关联/联系起来，relate为及物动词
in relation to...与……有关，涉及……
①The police related the murder to the robbery last month. 警察把这次谋杀案与上月的抢劫案联系起来。
②In the future，pay increase will_be_related_to productivity.今后，工资的增加将与业绩挂钩。
[短语多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ.选词填空
rely on，pull up，fed up with，work out，be related to
1．I am fed_up_with waiting for her.
2．This heart attack may be_related_to his overwork.
3．The car pulled_up on the parking lot outside the station.
4．I believe that you can work_out this problem by yourself.
5．Who can rely_on such a man as to tell a lie?
Ⅱ.work out短语荟萃
1. 用work on，work at work out的适当形式填空
①After a short rest，they worked_on.
②If you work hard at English，you'll make progress soon.
③My first job didn't work_out.
④To deal with the global financial crisis，China has_worked_out (已制定出) a string of forceful measures over the past months.
2．写出下列句中work out的意义
①These athletes work out at the gym for two hours every day.________
②She worked out the problem with no difficulty.________
③We have worked out a study plan.________
④Things will work out if you will just be patient.________
【答案】锻炼身体 ②解决 ③制订出 ④产生结果
Ⅲ.用feed适当短语完成句子
1．我受够了他的懒惰和粗心。
I ________ his laziness and carelessness.
2．你应当增加营养使身体长得更强壮些。
You must ________ to grow stronger.
3．蝴蝶以园林中草木的花为食。
Butterflies ________ the flowers of garden plants.
【答案】 1.am fed up with 2.feed up 3.feed on
Ⅳ.用relate相关短语完成句子
1．我想就这个问题说一下我的意见。
I would like to give my opinion ________ this problem.
2．这两个事件相互有联系。
These two events ________ each other.
3．孩子们应该学会了解其他孩子的想法。
Children need to learn to ________ other children.
【答案】 1.in relation to 2.were related to 3.relate to
4 典型句式剖析
(教材P42)How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry？我们多久就会有一次在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下去上班或者去上学？
[句式分析]此处stressed out，tired and angry是过去分词或形容词短语作状语，表示伴随。一般来说过去分词或形容词作伴随状语表状态或结果。
①I stood there, unable to believe what had happened.
我站在那儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。
②I slid into bed and fell fast asleep，exhausted.
我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。
[温馨提示] 形容词作状语时，常用以说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成逻辑上的系表关系。如果用以修饰句子的谓语动词，或修饰整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
③He was robbed last night, but fortunately he didn't have much on him then.他昨晚被抢劫了，但幸运的是那时他身上没有多少钱。
(教材P43)Think before you go. 想好了再去。
[句式分析]before用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在……之前”以外，还可以表示“……之后才；不多久就；不等……就”。
(1)It won't be＋一段时间＋before...用不了多久就会……(before从句用一般现在时)
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...得过多久之后才……(before从句用一般现在时)
(3)It wasn't＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……(before从句用一般过去时)
(4)It was＋一段时间＋before...过了多久才……(before从句用一般过去时)
①It will be a long time before we finish the task.
我们需要很长时间才能完成这项任务。
②It was not long before he learned to use the machine.
不用多久他就会使用这台机器了。
③It_was_a_long_time_before I went to sleep again.
过了好长时间我才又睡着了。
(教材P46)．..it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.……只有很富有的人才买得起车。
[句式分析]这是一个强调句，强调the very rich。
(1)当被强调的部分指人时，句子的连词可用that/who，否则应用that。
(2)当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。
(3)强调句的一般疑问句为：
Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...?
(4)强调句的特殊疑问句为：
疑问词＋is/was it ＋that/who...?
①It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.
能给我们的工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了多少爱。
②Was_it_five_years_ago_that_we got together?
那是在五年前我们聚在一起吗？
③When was it that you called me yesterday?
你昨天给我打电话是什么时候？
[温馨提示] (1)强调句通常用来强调主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。强调谓语时用助动词do/does/did。
(2)对含有“not...until...”句型中的时间状语进行强调，应将not until放在一起进行强调，构成“It is/was not until...that...”。
(3)判断句子是否为强调句的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，如句子完整，就说明含it is/was that/who的句子为强调句。
[句式多维演练]
—————————————————————————
Ⅰ. 完成句子
1．我们最关注秀莲这个角色， 她勇敢、善良、坚强。
Brave,_good_and_strong,_Xiulian is the character we care about most.
2．不久我就意识到我错了。
It_was_not_long_before_I realized I was wrong.
3．直到雨停了我才回家。
It was not_until_the_rain_stopped that I went home.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After the storm, the little boy arrived home, safely.
________________________________________________
2．It is in the zoo where he met you yesterday.
________________________________________________
3．It will be a long time after we finish this dictionary.
________________________________________________
【答案】 1. safely→safe 2. where→that 3. after→before
Ⅲ.句型转换(强调画线部分)
1．He didn't go to bed until his_father_came_back_home.
________________________________________________
2．I brought my car in to_get_my_brakes_repaired，not to get the engine replaced!
________________________________________________
3．Bill made a kite at school yesterday.
________________________________________________
4．I painted the door white.
________________________________________________
5．She left her gloves in_your_room.
________________________________________________
6．Mr. Smith gave a new pen to me.
________________________________________________
7．I bought the book because_it_is_so_useful_for_my_work.
________________________________________________
8．I went to the park by_bike.
________________________________________________
9．He saw Mr. Wang on_TV yesterday.
________________________________________________
10．Playing_computer_games cost the boy a lot of money.
________________________________________________
【答案】 1.It was not until his father came back home that he went to bed.
2．It was to get my brakes repaired that I brought my car in, not to get the engine replaced!
3．It was Bill that/who made a kite at school yesterday.
4．It was white that I painted the door.
5．It was in your room that she left her gloves.
6．It was me that Mr. Smith gave a new pen to.
7．It is because the book is so useful for my work that I bought it.
8．It was by bike that I went to the park.
9．It was on TV that he saw Mr. Wang yesterday.
10．It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of money.
通关微语法
现在完成时和现在完成进行时
本单元重点复习现在完成时和现在完成进行时的用法。复习过程中重点把握两者的区别，以及各自表达的意义。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确时态完成下列句子
1．You should go to bed. You ________(watch) TV for 5 hours.
2．I ________(write)letters since 6 o'clock.
3．I ________(look)for him everywhere. Where can he be?
4．They ________(help) us since five o'clock this morning.
5．I ________(work)in this school since I graduated from college. Now I am still working here.
6．You know，I ________(look)for a job for three months，and this is my first formal interview.
7．My sister ________ (stay)in Beijing for three months last year.
8．The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play)in the mud all the morning.
9．He ________ (read)in the library since it opened this morning.
10．Here he is！We ________ (wait)anxiously for him since last night.
【答案】 1.have been watching 2.have been writing
3．have been looking 4.have been helping 5.have been working 6.have been looking 7.stayed 8.has been playing/has played 9.has been reading 10.have been waiting
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. What are you doing all the day?
________________________________________________
2. It's a good job.Have you done it all by yourself?
________________________________________________
3. It's a long time since you come to see me.
________________________________________________
4. Alice didn't see much of Henry lately.
________________________________________________
5. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.
________________________________________________
6. Sorry！I'm late.How long had you been waiting for me?
________________________________________________
7. They have been knowing each other for about twenty years.
________________________________________________
8. It began to rain four days ago.It rains for four days and hasn't stopped.
________________________________________________
9. I wondered if you are busy this weekend.
________________________________________________
10. Look！You are all wet.Are you cycling in the rain?
________________________________________________
【答案】 1.are doing→ have you been doing 2.Have you done→Did you do 3.come→came 4.didn't see→ hasn't seen 5.passed→have passed 6.had→have 7.have been knowing→have known 8.rains→has been raining 9.wondered→wonder/am wondering 10.Are...cycling→Have...been cycling
谋篇微写作
话题9——交通堵塞
【写作素材】
1．因为频繁的交通堵塞，越来越多的人选择骑自行车出行。(frequent)
2．在狭窄又繁忙的街道上，骑自行车比开车更方便，而且对环境危害小。(convenient)
3．自行车比较便宜，占用空间小，能够锻炼身体，对身体有益。(occupy; work out; benefit)
4．电动车速度比汽车快，但是安全性不高，可能会带来严重后果。(consequence)
5．因此，我们要选择最健康的交通方式——骑自行车。(therefore)
【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇英语短文)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Because of the frequent traffic jams, more and more people choose to ride bikes. It is more convenient to ride bikes in narrow and busy streets than driving, which causes less damage to the environment. Bikes are cheaper and occupy less space. Riding bikes is a good way to work out and of benefit to your health. The electric bicycle is faster than the bike but more dangerous, with potential serious consequences. Therefore，a bike is the healthiest means of transportation.
课时提升练(九)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I wondered whether he had already known the ________(内容) of my telegram.
2．We were not companions. We were not s________to each other.
3．A large a________of damage was done in a very short time.
4．The new supermarket will ________(beneficial) the whole small town.
5．He would much ________(感激) it if you could do him that favor.
6．He was injured in the accident and was a________to the hospital.
7．They invited him to visit their country at a ________(convenience) date.
8．Nowadays many middle school students are ________(addict) to computer games.
9．But I'm not going to ________(辩论) with you tonight.
10．Having retired from business, he is now o________with his garden.
【答案】 1.contents 2.suited 3.amount 4.benefit
5．appreciate 6.admitted 7.convenient 8.addicted
9．argue 10.occupied
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我醒着躺在床上。 (形容词状语)
I was lying in bed, awake.
2．无论你去哪儿，无论你做什么，我都会想念你。(连接代词)
Wherever_you_go_and_whatever_you_do,_I will miss you.
3．一方面他想出国工作，另一方面他又不想离开父母。(on the one hand...，on the other hand...)
On_the_one_hand he wants to work abroad, on_the_other_hand he doesn't want to leave his parents.
4．昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃饭。(强调句式)
It_was_not_until_my_father_came_back_that we began to have supper last night.
5．不久人们将能去月球旅行。(it)
It_will_not_be_a_long_time before people can travel to the moon.
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I was little，I wanted to be a princess (公主). I __1__ I got anything I wanted. Then，when I was four，a native American woman __2__ my preschool as a guest. She talked to us about their __3__，like what they wore or how they greeted one another. Then，she gave each child an Indian name. The boys got __4__ names like Flying Eagle. The girls got princess names: Princess Moon and the like. But when it was my __5__，she said，“You are Rabbit's Foot.”
I looked at the girl next to me，who had been named Princess Autumn Leaves，and __6__what she had but I didn't have. Whatever the mysterious __7__ was，I thought to myself，“Not everyone can be a princess.”Whatever I was when growing up，I __8__ wasn't a princess. My father never __9__ me his“princess”. At the kindergarten，the __10__ girls—the ones with the beautiful leather shoes—__11__ to sit with me no matter what I wore. This __12__ repeated itself through high school and college as well.
But not being a princess actually __13__ me，as I didn't feel it necessary to be the center of attention. And if I got praise，I __14__ it. Princesses，on the other hand，are born to be praised.
Recently，I told a friend the __15__ of my preschool Indian naming. To my __16__，she pointed out something wonderful，“Rabbit's Foot __17__ good luck. That's better than being a princess.”
I__18__ realized what a great name I had been given. My friend was__19__.I am lucky. And __20__ I am not a princess，I don't expect praise or love. I just feel lucky when some of it comes my way.
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了作者小时候一个老师给她取的印第安人的名字，使得作者感觉自己不像其他人有公主类的名字，这件事深深影响了作者。后来经过一个朋友的解释才明白了自己印第安人的名字的真正意义。
1. A．forgot B．discovered
C．imagined
D．agreed
【解析】 根据下文内容可知，作者并没有得到所有自己想得到的东西，因此只是一个梦想。
【答案】 C
2．A.founded
B．visited
C．joined
D．managed
【解析】 根据as a guest可推断，那个妇女参观了作者所在的幼儿园。
【答案】 B
3．A.customs
B．families
C．rules
D．habits
【解析】 根据句中“like what they wore or how they greeted one another”可知，她讲的应该是她们那里的风俗习惯。
【答案】 A
4．A.funny
B．famous
C．formal
D．strong
【解析】 根据Flying Eagle可推断，她给男孩取的是听起来强壮有力的名字。
【答案】 D
5．A.point
B．duty
C．turn
D．service
【解析】 她给作者起了个名字，说明轮到了作者。
【答案】 C
6．A.doubted
B．wondered
C．asked
D．realized
【解析】 作者不知道自己和旁边的女孩有什么不同。根据下文“I thought to myself”可知，这是作者自己的心理活动。
【答案】 B
7．A.quality
B．secret
C．product
D．present
【解析】 根据前文“what she had but I didn't have”可知，作者不知道自己不具备那个女孩的哪一种品质，才使得自己没有成为公主。
【答案】 A
8．A.specially
B．firstly
C．really
D．finally
【解析】 根据语境可知，随着年龄的增长，作者发现情况的确如此，故用really。
【答案】 C
9．A.found
B．called
C．brought
D．promised
【解析】 根据前文可推断，作者感到自己普普通通，连爸爸都从来没有叫过她公主。
【答案】 B
10．A.tall
B．clever
C．popular
D．friendly
【解析】 根据下文可知，在幼儿园作者不受欢迎，与之相对应的是，那些穿着漂亮皮鞋的女孩是受人欢迎的。
【答案】 C
11．A.wanted
B．afforded
C．struggled
D．refused
【解析】 根据句中“no matter what I wore”可推断，无论作者穿什么，那些女孩都拒绝和她坐在一起。
【答案】 D
12．A.situation
B．behavior
C．activity
D．attitude
【解析】 这里用situation指作者不受欢迎的这种状况。
【答案】 A
13．A.trained
B．freed
C．destroyed
D．interested
【解析】 根据“I didn't feel it necessary...”可推断，作者知道自己当不了公主，反而解放了她，让她觉得自由。
【答案】 B
14．A.expected
B．hated
C．earned
D．needed
【解析】 根据后句内容可知，那些公主们天生就能得到表扬，与之对应的是，作者得到的表扬是她自己赢得的。
【答案】 C
15．A.story
B．effect
C．chance
D．pain
【解析】 根据后文内容可知，作者告诉了朋友当年那个妇女在幼儿园给她们取名的故事。
【答案】 A
16．A.regret
B．anger
C．sadness
D．surprise
【解析】 根据句中something wonderful可知，多年来作者一直都不知道这个名字原来那么好，因此她很惊讶。
【答案】 D
17．A.collects
B．determines
C．means
D．enjoys
【解析】 根据后句内容可知，这里所说的是Rabbit's Foot的含义。
【答案】 C
18．A.seldom
B．never
C．once
D．always
【解析】 根据作者的反应可知，她从来都不知道这个名字会是这样的含义。
【答案】 B
19．A.active
B．normal
C．positive
D．right
【解析】 根据后句“I am lucky.”可知，作者认为朋友的说法是正确的。
【答案】 D
20．A.if
B．although
C．because
D．unless
【解析】 作者不期望得到别人的表扬或爱，因为她自己不是公主。
【答案】 C
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2015·河北邯郸高三上学期摸底考试)I teach geography at UNLV three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their weekend had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth removed. The young man then asked me why I always seemed to be so cheerful. “I choose to be cheerful.” I said. Then I told them a story.
In addition to teaching here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson, 17 miles down the freeway from where I live. One day I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died and wouldn't start again. So I left my car there and marched down the road to the college.
As soon as I got there I called AAA (美国汽车协会)and arranged for a tow truck (拖车) to meet me at my car after class. The secretary in the office asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day.” I replied, smiling.
“Your car breaks down and today is your lucky day？” She was puzzled. “What do you mean？”
“My car could have broken down anywhere along the freeway but it didn't.” I replied, “Instead, it broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance from here. I'm still able to teach my class, and I've been able to arrange for the tow truck to meet me after class.” The secretary's eyes opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed for class. So ended my story.
I scanned the sixty faces in my class at UNLV. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be asleep. Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it_wasn't_the_story_at_all.In fact, it had all started with a student's observation that I was cheerful. An Indian wise man once said, “Who you are speaks louder to me than anything you can say.” I suppose it must be so.
[语篇解读] 文章叙述了作者在一节课上学生问及为什么总是那么高兴的原因，作者通过自己的经历告诉学生，是因为自己选择了高兴。
1．Why did the author tell his students the story?
A．To share his lucky experience.
B．To make his class more lively.
C．To draw all students' attention.
D．To encourage his students to be positive.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章叙述可知，作者通过这个故事告诉学生，自己选择高兴，就会高兴起来。
【答案】 D
2. What happened to the author on his way to the community college?
A．He parked his car in a perfect place.
B．He called AAA for a tow truck to meet him.
C．He covered the last quarter mile on foot.
D．He drove off the freeway at a wrong exit.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段提到I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college.可知在车坏的时候还有四分之一的路程，因此选C。
【答案】 C
3．By saying “it wasn't the story at all”， the author means that________.
A．his story is not convincing
B．he shouldn't have told the story
C．his attitude to life has inspired the students
D．his story is not as interesting as expected
【解析】 通过作者的经历使得学生感到鼓舞。
【答案】 C
4．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Easier said than done.
B．You are what you choose.
C．Behind bad luck comes good luck.
D．A good beginning makes a good ending.
【解析】 文章第一段就提到自己一直高兴的原因是自己选择了高兴，因此B项符合。
【答案】 B
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2015·洛阳中原名校联考)假设你是李平，刚被美国Brown University录取，你的笔友Peter来信祝贺，请你用英文给他写一封回信，告诉他你将于2016年4月19日到达美国，希望他能到机场接你并帮你找一住所。住所需包含以下信息：
※骑车大约30分钟可到达学校；
※房间宽敞，明亮；设施齐全；
※允许自己做饭；
※房东能讲地道的英语，健谈，好客。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
Thank you for your congratulations on my admission to Brown University!
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Ping
【参考范文】
Dear_Peter，
Thank_you_for_your_congratulations_on_my_admission_to_Brown_University!
I'll arrive in America on April 19th, and I'm wondering whether you can help find an apartment for me. Preferably, the location is near the campus, which makes it possible for me to go to the university by bike within thirty minutes. What's more, I would like one apartment well furnished, spacious and bright, with a kitchen attached. If possible, I can cook myself. It will be better if the host can speak fluent English. Please let me know as soon as you find a suitable one. Besides, if it is convenient to you, would you please pick me up when I get to the station?
Thanks!
Yours，
Li_Ping
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