语法专题15 构词法
Ⅰ.根据语境,用所给词的适当形式填空
1.It is ________(legal) to drive after drinking alcohol in most countries.
答案:illegal 句意:大多数国家,酒后开车违法。
2.________ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law.
答案:Misleading 句意:法律不允许误导的广告。
3.It is ________(reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.
答案:unreasonable 句意:坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的。
4.You must be ________(literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare.
答案:illiterate 句意:如果你没听说过莎士比亚,那你一定是文盲的。
5.There exists the ________(balance) between the rich and poor countries.
答案:imbalance 句意:富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡。
6.Her illness had made her completely ________(mobile).
答案:immobile 句意:她的病使得她完全不能活动了。
7.His identity is ________(know) to us so we have to confirm.
答案:unknown 句意:他的身份为我们所不知,所以我们得证实。
8.He seems to be ________(aware)of the trouble he is making.
答案:unaware 句意:他似乎不知道他正造成的麻烦。
9.Jim is ________(patient)with his little sister who is so noisy.
答案:impatient 句意:吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦。
10.The ________(expect)death of her son made her sad.
答案:unexpected 句意:她儿子意外死亡让她很悲伤。
11.Running a business without a budget(预算) is ________(practical).
答案:impractical 句意:经营生意而没有预算是不实际的。
12.The government ________(close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying.
答案:disclosed 句意:政府公开另一个外交大使因间谍罪被逮捕。
13.The bright dress is ________(proper)for a funeral.
答案:improper 句意:鲜艳的衣服不合适参加葬礼。
14.This delay was ________(avoidable)so we had to be patient.
答案:unavoidable 句意:延迟不可避免,所以我们得耐心。
15.His income is ________(adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.
答案:inadequate 句意:他的收入不足以满足基本要求,他得再找份工作。
16.Students get a ________(count)of 25% on plane tickets.
答案:discount 句意:学生享有25%的机票折扣。
17.The water is ________(fit)for drinking and you have to go without water.
答案:unfit 句意:这水不适宜饮用,你只能不喝水了。
18.It's ________(honesty)to lie about one's age.
答案:dishonest 句意:谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。
19.The injured man was ________(capable)of walking, so he had to be carried.
答案:incapable 句意:那个受伤的人不能走路,所以他得被人背着。
20.He was ________(ability)to sleep at night because of his anxiety.
答案:unable 句意:由于焦虑,晚上他不能入睡。
.用所给词的正确形式填空
1.The Chinese people are very ________(friend) to foreigners.
答案:friendly 空处应填friend的形容词形式。
2.I think it'll be ________(sun)this afternoon.
答案:sunny 空处应填形容词作表语。
3.David moved ________(caution) forward.
答案:cautiously 句意:大卫小心翼翼地往前挪。
4.Without reform, social and economic problems can only be ________(bad).
答案:worse 句意:没有改革,社会和经济问题只会每况愈下。
5.The teacher gave them ________(instruct)to arrive early tomorrow morning.
答案:instructions 句意:老师命令他们明天早晨要早到。
6.Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in ________(injure)to the liver.
答案:injury 名词injury表示“伤害”。
7.“Thank you.” is a polite ________(express) which is widely used in English.
答案:expression a polite expression表示“一种礼貌的表达”。
8.He ________(brave)went into the burning house to rescue the baby. Everybody present praised him for his ________(brave).
答案:bravely; bravery 第一空用副词修饰动词;第二空前有物主代词his,后面用名词。
9.Most Chinese like drinking tea, while ________(America) like coffee.
答案:Americans Americans与前一句中Chinese相呼应。
10.More and more people go in for sports in modern ________(time).
答案:times in modern/ancient times“在现代/古代”,为固定搭配。
11.Nice to meet you, Tom. Did you have a good ________(fly)?
答案:flight 形容词后接名词。
12.Too much hunting ________(danger) many species in the past.
答案:endangered 动词作谓语,根据in the past可知用一般过去时。
13.Harry Potter is a boy who is full of ________(imagine).
答案:imagination 名词imagination表示“想象力”。
14.After ________(graduate), he left China for America for further study.
答案:graduation/graduating 介词后接名词或动名词。
15.If you want to go ________(travel), you'd better get everything ready in advance.
答案:traveling go traveling/swimming/fishing/camping/shopping等为固定结构。
16.Which means of ________(transport) will you use if you travel to Beijing?
答案:transportation means of transportation“交通方式”。
17.You should assume that the ________(win) would receive big money but they only got a certificate.
答案:winners 从后而的they可以看出,此处指“获胜者”,并且要用复数。
18.________(surprise), he should lose his temper in public.
答案:Surprisingly 副词surprisingly表示“令人吃惊地”,修饰整个句子。
19.________(expect), the injured athlete came first in the 100meter dash.
答案:Unexpectedly 副词unexpectedly表示“出人意料地”,修饰整个句子。
20.The fish is a bit ________(smell). We can't eat it.
答案:smelly be动词后用形容词。smelly“臭的”。
21.Look up the ________(mean)of the word in the dictionary.
答案:meaning 名词meaning表示“意思”。
22.New ________(science) discoveries are being made at an increasing speed.
答案:scientific 形容词scientific表示“科学的”。
23.The mother ________(dress) her baby and gave it a bath.
答案:undressed 动词undress表示“脱衣”,与gave一致,用过去时。
24.The scenery of Zhangjiajie is so ________(attract) that many tourists go there every year.
答案:attractive 形容词attractive表示“迷人的”。
25.The farmer was bitten to death by________(poison) snakes.
答案:poisonous 形容词poisonous表示“有毒的”。