语法专题4 介词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2015·浙江,10改编)Most people work because it's unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
答案:By by contrast“相比之下”。句意:大部分人工作是因为它是无法逃避的。而相比之下,有些人工作是因为的确享受工作。
2.(2015·浙江,17改编)These comments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
答案:in in response to“回应”。句意:这些评论出现是为了回应那些当地资讯记者经常问到的具体问题。
3.(2015·湖北,30改编)This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
答案:in in advance提前。句意:会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你:如果你在这儿吸烟的话。你会被罚款的。
4.(2015·重庆,10改编)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average.
答案:above above the average在一般水平以上。句意:去年是有记录以来最热的一年,全球气温比平均气温高0.68℃。
5.(2015·福建,22改编)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.
答案:of they all have ________ their school days为memory的定语,可还原成have a memory of结构,意为“有……的回忆”。句意:他们对学校生活的共有回忆是校服。拓展:I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我脑海里。
6.(2015·福建,32改编)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature.
答案:in in harmony with与……和谐共处。句意:人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分;就这点而论,我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。
7.(2017·课标全国Ⅱ,改编)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there,lost and lonely in a strange city.
答案:to 句意为:他向警察报告了这个事件,然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report...to...为固定搭配,意为“向……报告……”。
8.(2017·福建,22改编)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age,sex or educational background.
答案:of 句意为:我们的俱乐部向每个人开放,不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管;不顾”,为固定搭配。
9.(2017·天津,6改编)In addition ______the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.
答案:to 句意为:除了学校之外,村子里还有一家诊所,它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知,学校也是政府开办的,故填to,in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。
10.(2017·浙江,10改编)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return.
答案:in 句意为:当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候,他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享,不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语,意为“作为回报”。
11.(2015·福建闽清联考改编) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.
答案:in 句意为:穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”,为固定搭配。
12.(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for selfimprovement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.
答案:beyond 句意为:自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。
13.(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.
答案:in 句意为:由于有了这项新的科技,水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”,符合句意。
14.(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.
答案:to 句意为:她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……;高于……”,为固定短语。
15.(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.
答案:Despite 句意为:虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎,但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”,符合句意。
16.(2015·北京东城联考改编)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.
答案:with 句意为:我与布朗先生有约,但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有约”,为固定短语。
17.(2015·陕西西安联考改编)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.
答案:to 句意为:所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待,招待某人享用……”,是固定短语。
18.(2015·浙江名校联考改编)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know.
答案:against 句意为:无论如何,对于这件事我不能说谎,你知道这违背了我的原则。against意为“反对;违反”,符合句意。
19.(2015·浙江,3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea?
答案:to be home to...“是……的家园”。
20.(2015·陕西,12改编)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street.
答案:by “take sb. by+身体部位”为固定搭配,意为“抓住某人的……”。句意:那个小学生抓着他奶奶的手臂,领她过了街道。拓展:The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那个小偷的衣领,把他带到了警察局。
Ⅱ.语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4__ 1909.
Having been raised __5__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know special he was __6__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8__ Spokane, Washington __9__ the 19th of June, 1910.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.
1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案:1.for 2.with 3.of 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in 8.in 9.on 10.as
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.
答案:on改为with with the development of...随着……的发展。
2.(2015·新课标Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
答案:on改为in Tony看到橱窗里有一个玩具,故用in。
3.(2017·课标全国Ⅰ,改编)Nearly five years ago,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.
答案:by改为of 句意为:大约五年前,在父亲的帮助下,我和姐姐在后花园种植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.为固定搭配,意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将by改为of。
4.(2017·课标全国Ⅰ,改编)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.
答案:toward改为to或into turn from...to/into...从……变成……。
5.(2017·课标全国Ⅱ,改编)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.
答案:by改为with或to connection后接with或to表示“关联,连接”。
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