Unit 1 Cultural relics
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Who would have thought that potato fries could unite an entire country? Well, that seems to be the case in Belgium where there is currently a movement to have Belgian potato fries officially recognized as cultural heritage.
The fries are served in a paper cone(圆锥体) from a “fritkot”， which is a shack(小屋)or a food truck. Across Belgium, there are at least 5,000 fritkots which is 10 times more common than McDonald's restaurants in the United States.
The movement for the fries to be declared official cultural heritage was started by UNAFRI, also known as the national association of fritkot owners. They claim that their establishments represent Belgium very well. “A cone of potato chips is Belgium in miniature(微模型). What's amazing is that this way of thinking is the same, in spite of differences among communities and regions，” added spokesman Bernard Lefevre.
Tourists can even be seen to line up with locals in Brussels to buy a cone of fries from wellknown fritkots such as Frit Flagey and Maison Antoine. “Before I came here, the only thing I knew about Belgium was that they liked their fries，” said Rachael Webb, a tourist from Ottowa, Canada.
In order to be recognized by UNESCO, it has to be formally supported by the Belgian government of culture.
As of right now, UNESCO has a list of 314 items of “cultural heritage” that they say is worthy enough to be preserved. Items on the list include Turkish coffee and the old native singing of the Central African Republic.
Potatoes reached Belgium in the 16th century, but it wasn't until the 19th century that they were cut up into fries and sold as a meal.
文章大意：比利时人正在努力为自己国家的炸薯条申请成为“文化遗产”。
1．It is considered that potato fries could unite Belgium because they ________.
A．represent Belgian history
B．are enjoyed by many Belgians
C．make a huge profit each year
D．are recognized by foreigners
答案：B 推理判断题。在比利时，至少有5000家炸薯条经营店，再由第三段Bernard Lefevre的话可知，比利时人大多认为一筒炸薯条就是国家的缩影，故可知比利时人对炸薯条有普遍的喜爱和认同感，故选B。
2．The movement to have potato fries declared cultural heritage was started by ________.
A．the Belgian government
B．many Belgian communities
C．a Belgian industry
D．a Belgian cultural association
答案：C 细节理解题。由第三段可知，运动是由UNAFRI发起的，这是全国fritkot店主协会，代表着比利时的炸薯条行业，故选C。
3．From the passage, we can know that Maison Antoine ________.
A．is a popular Belgian tourist destination
B．is very welcome among Canadians
C．is a famous restaurant in Belgium
D．is a big international company
答案：C 细节理解题。由第四段首句可知，Maison Antoine属于wellknown fritkots；由第二段第一句可知，fritkot是炸薯条经营店，故选C。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that foods and drinks ________.
A．are thought to be a symbol of national achievement
B．are regarded as a culture by many people
C．express ideas of a particular period
D．record the traditions of a region
答案：B 推理判断题。比利时人正在努力为自己国家的炸薯条申请成为“文化遗产”，倒数第二段说Turkish coffee已被列入“文化遗产”名录，由此推知，许多人把食品饮料视为一种文化。
5．Which of the following is TRUE of Belgian potato fries?
A．They are more popular than McDonald's across the world.
B．They were introduced into Belgium in the 16th century.
C．They have a longer history than Turkish coffee.
D．They are very popular across Belgium.
答案：D 细节理解题。比利时至少有5000家炸薯条经营店，其在比利时的普及率是麦当劳在美国普及率的10倍，由此可见其在比利时非常受欢迎，再由加拿大一名游客的话．..they liked their fries...可知D正确。
B
(2016·开封市高三定位模拟)
Why do Chinese people love hot pot so much? As the winter months are coming in, more and more people are sitting around a table, enjoying this kind of traditional meal. I find myself wondering what it is about this traditional meal, which has existed for more than 1,000 years. What makes it a Chinese food favorite? It seems that the answer lies beyond the dish itself.
Hot pot isn't just designed to keep you warm during the cold months; it's also a social experience. It's a “theater” cooked food that turns a meal into an event. There is a lot of fun for everyone to have in adding some foods to the hot pot.
Hot pot is eaten over two to three hours. For this reason, it is often considered an evening's entertainment, and a time to spend with friends and families. However, many Westerners would be put off by the idea of other people sticking chopsticks in their food. When we come to eat at the table in the UK, we tend to have our own shares, although the experience is still a social one.
A similar experience to the hot pot can be found in Korean barbecue restaurants, which let you cook your own meat. This allows people to have their meat done however they want.
For most Westerners, the idea of going to a restaurant to cook their own food is very strange. But having a go, I find it's now one of my favorite meals in Beijing. The steam from the pot left my clothes smelling of food when I got home, but perhaps this was also part of the experience. When the cold wind is blowing outside, I am sitting around with my good friends, eating and drinking. For me it's like a dinner party where my taste buds (味蕾) and my appetite are equally satisfied in the warm company of friends.
文章大意：本文介绍了中国人为什么爱吃火锅，除了火锅本身美味之外，还是一次社交经历。
6．What is the main reason why hot pot is popular in China?
A．It has a history of over 1,000 years.
B．It is a fun social experience.
C．It serves people with many kinds of foods.
D．It keeps people very warm in winter.
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Hot pot isn't just designed to keep you warm during the cold months; it's also a social experience.”可知，除了火锅本身美味之外，还是一次社交经历。
7．We can conclude from the article that British people generally________.
A．enjoy cooking their own food in restaurants
B．prefer a Korean barbecue to Chinese hot pot
C．don't like sharing food with others in restaurants
D．don't mind the smell of food staying on their clothes
答案：C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，西方人更希望一人一份分餐吃，所以选C。
8．How long do people spend in enjoying the traditional meal?
A．More than four hours.
B．Over one hour.
C．About three hours.
D．All the evening.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Hot pot is eaten over two to three hours.”可知。
9．What is the author's attitude to hot pot?
A．Serious. B．Tired.
C．Humorous. D．Appreciative.
答案：D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者还是很喜欢火锅这种文化氛围的。
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·山西省四校联考)
Hongbao, a red envelope with small amounts of money in, is a gift that is guaranteed to be warmly received, not just because of the cash, but also because of its __1__(tradition) symbolism and best wishes for the future. This is true throughout China, but
__2__(especial) in the south where people regard receiving hongbao
__3__
an auspicious(吉祥的)beginning to the New Year.
Legend in the south has it that a devil used to appear to harm children and the elderly.
__4__ loud noise would frighten __5__ devil away, as did the color red.
Firecrackers took care of the noise and during Spring Festival couplets(对联) also helped keep him away. But firecrackers couldn't go off all day so children and the elderly also got hongbao, red envelopes __6__(contain) money.
The tradition __7__(survive) millennia and giving hongbao to children and the elderly remains popular among Chinese people all over the world. It has also made its way into workplaces where bosses often give
__8__(employ) hongbao and most recently, companies have adopted online marketing strategies
__9__ hongbao are distributed, hoping
__10__ companies and staff members have a good start.
Giving hongbao at the beginning of the Lunar New Year indicates best wishes for the future.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文讲述了红包的来历和含义。
1．命题立意：考查形容词。
答案：traditional 形容词来修饰名词。
2．命题立意：考查副词。
答案：especially especially的意思是“尤其是”“特别是”，它一般是用于单词前或短语前。
3．命题立意：考查短语。
答案：as 人们收到的红包作为新年吉祥的开始。regard...as...认为……是……。
4．命题立意：考查连词。
答案：But 南方的传说是，魔鬼出来伤害儿童和老人，但噪音会吓跑魔鬼，红色也会吓跑他们。
5．命题立意：考查冠词。
答案：the 特指“恶魔”。
6．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：containing 这里考查独立主格结构，名词red envelope和contain是主谓结构，故用现在分词。
7．命题立意：考查时态语态。
答案：has survived 这一传统已经有千年历史了。强调对现在造成的结果和影响，故用现在完成时。
8．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：employees 老板给雇员红包，注意雇员要用复数。
9．命题立意：考查定语从句。
答案：where 考查定语从句，先行词为online, 故用where。公司也采用了在网络上分发红包的营销策略。
10．命题立意：考查代词。
答案：their 主语为bosses，故用第三人称they的形容词性物主代词their，老板希望他们的公司和员工有一个好的开始。
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2015·山东省聊城市二模)
Dear Aron，
I'm writing to tell you we had found a new apartment for you. The building is only 500 meters away to our school, with a bank on its right or a gym on its left. Across it is a supermarket. Besides, it will convenient for you to get around the city because a bus stop is right in the front of the building.
The apartment measures 40 square meters, included a bedroom, a sitting room, a kitchen and a bathroom. They have made sure that it is equipped with basic thing needed in everyday life, such as the refrigerator, the TV set and the coffeemaker. Which is great news is that free WiFi is provided.
Please write back and tell us if it is nicely enough.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Aron，
I'm writing to tell you we
found a new apartment for you. The building is only 500 meters away
our school, with a bank on its right
a gym on its left. Across it is a supermarket. Besides, it will
convenient for you to get around the city because a bus stop is right in the front of the building.
The apartment measures 40 square meters,
a bedroom, a sitting room, a kitchen and a bathroom.
have made sure that it is equipped with basic
needed in everyday life, such as the refrigerator, the TV set and the coffeemaker.
is great news is that free WiFi is provided.
Please write back and tell us if it is
enough.
Yours，
Li Hua
1．命题立意：考查时态。
解析：had→have 根据语境应该用现在完成时。故had改为have。
2．命题立意：考查介词。
解析：to→from 根据短语be ＋ 距离 ＋ away from“距离……多远”，故to改为from。
3．命题立意：考查连词。
解析：or→and 根据前后分句之间的并列关系判断，故or改为and。
4．命题立意：考查系动词。
解析：will后加be 根据will后跟动词原形，convenient是形容词，will后应加be，然后形容词作表语。故will后加be。
5．命题立意：考查冠词。
解析：front前的the去掉 in front of在……的前面，in the front of在……(内的)前部，根据语境应是在……前面。故front前的the去掉。
6．命题立意：考查介词。
解析：included→including including为介词，放在名词或代词前面，included一般放在名词或代词之后。故included改为including。
7．命题立意：考查代词。
解析：They→We 根据前文应该是we。故They→We。
8．命题立意：考查名词。
解析：thing→things thing是可数名词，根据语境应该用复数形式。故thing→things。
9．命题立意：考查主语从句。
解析：Which→What 根据语境主语从句中缺少主语，which在主语从句一般作定语，应用what引导主语从句。故Which→What。
10．命题立意：考查形容词。
解析：nicely→nice 根据is后应用形容词作表语。故nicely改为nice。